Objectives: The study examined the status on the use of nutrition labeling and nutrition claims among university students as well as the diet quality and nutritional status using the nutrition quotient (NQ) according to the use of nutrition labeling and claims. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on university students (86 males and 131 females) from March to April in 2019 in Chungbuk area. Results: The percentage of subjects who reported that they recognized nutrition labeling was 80.2% of the total, and 63.8% of them indicated that they used nutrition labeling for their food choices. In addition, 22.6% of the total subjects said that they used nutrition claims. The group of subjects using nutrition labeling showed significantly higher mean scores in balance (P < 0.01), diversity (P < 0.05), moderation (P < 0.01), and dietary behavior (P < 0.001) along with higher mean NQ score (P < 0.001) compared to the group not using nutrition labeling. The group using nutrition claims had significantly higher mean scores in balance (P < 0.001), diversity (P < 0.01), moderation (P < 0.001), and dietary behavior (P < 0.001) as well as total NQ scores (P < 0.001) compared to the group not using nutrition claims. The group of subjects using both nutrition labeling and nutrition claims showed significantly higher mean NQ scores than the group of subjects using either nutrition labeling or nutrition claims (P < 0.05). Conclusions In this study, university students' use of nutrition labeling and nutrition claims appeared to be related to their diet quality and nutritional status.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the changes in interpersonal relationships, behavioral patterns, and emotional states of children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders and their caregivers immediately after the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Daegu, South Korea. Methods: A total of 147 patients and 147 caregivers participated in the Survey for Outing and Time Usage for Child, Adolescent, and Parents and the COVID-19 Visual Analog Scale for Emotion. We classified the patients and their caregivers into the internalizing disorder (ID) and externalizing disorder (ED) groups and compared the changes. Results: Parent–child relationships for adolescent patients and caregivers were interrupted, and friend relationships in all participants were disrupted, while sibling relationships improved in adolescent patients. They experienced negative emotional changes. Time spent outdoor decreased and digital screen time increased for all participants. Friend and parent–child relationships were interrupted in the ED group compared to those in the ID group. ED patients experienced negative changes in emotional states, while ID patients showed no significant changes. Conclusion Results are meaningful as a reference for predicting changes in interpersonal relationships and mental status of pediatric psychiatric patients and for determining healthcare system adaptations to allow mental health support during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the changes in interpersonal relationships, behavioral patterns, and emotional states of children and adolescents with psychiatric disorders and their caregivers immediately after the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak in Daegu, South Korea. Methods: A total of 147 patients and 147 caregivers participated in the Survey for Outing and Time Usage for Child, Adolescent, and Parents and the COVID-19 Visual Analog Scale for Emotion. We classified the patients and their caregivers into the internalizing disorder (ID) and externalizing disorder (ED) groups and compared the changes. Results: Parent–child relationships for adolescent patients and caregivers were interrupted, and friend relationships in all participants were disrupted, while sibling relationships improved in adolescent patients. They experienced negative emotional changes. Time spent outdoor decreased and digital screen time increased for all participants. Friend and parent–child relationships were interrupted in the ED group compared to those in the ID group. ED patients experienced negative changes in emotional states, while ID patients showed no significant changes. Conclusion Results are meaningful as a reference for predicting changes in interpersonal relationships and mental status of pediatric psychiatric patients and for determining healthcare system adaptations to allow mental health support during the COVID-19 outbreak.

PURPOSE: Emergency physicians are often asked to predict a patient's functional outcome after an acute stroke. However, very little information is usually available to a physician to help predict the likelihood of severe permanent disability. The purpose of this study was to determine useful Initial prognostic predictors in patients with an acute stroke presenting to the emergency department. METHODS: Between March 1, 2004 and May 31, 2004, we analyzed 74 patients diagnosed to have an acute stroke by diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging obtained within 24 hours from symptom onset at the emergency department. Seven factors were evaluated as prospective variables including The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) measured by emergency physician (NIHSSEM) and neurologist (NIHSS-NR) at the time of presentation to the emergency department. The outcome variables were Barthel Index (BI), modified Rankin Scale (mRS), and the NIHSS measured at the time of discharge from hospital. RESULTS: The intraclass correlation coefficient between NIHSS-EM and NIHSS-NR was 0.94 (p < 0.001). History of stroke, gender, NIHSS-EM, large vessel disease and lacuna infarctions were statistically significant outcome predictors. In a multivariate logistic regression analyses, NIHSSEM was the only independent variable that correlated with NIHSS, mRS, and BI at hospital discharge. CONCLUSION: Among the many prognostic predictors studied, the NIHSS appeared to be the only independent variable showing a correlation with the patients's prognosis. The NIHSS perfomed in the emergency department may help emergency physicians provide more accurate initial prognosis in an acute stroke patient.
Diffusion ; Emergencies ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Humans ; Infarction ; Logistic Models ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.) ; Prognosis* ; Prospective Studies ; Stroke*

OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical usefulness of voice analysis to predict the risk of aspiration. METHOD: The patient population consisted of 93 patients undergoing video fluoroscopic swallowing study (VFSS) to evaluate the risk of aspiration. The voice analyses were performed before and after VFSS using a portable recorder and voice analysis. The parameters included Average Fundamental Frequency (Fo), Relative Average Perturbation (RAP), Shimmer Percent, Noise to Harmonic Ratio (NHR), and Voice Turbulence Index. RESULTS: The patients were divided into two groups accord ing to VFSS findings, non-aspiration group (including patients without vocal cord contact) and aspiration group (including patients with vocal cord contact). In comparing the differences of acoustic parameters before and after VFSS, all parameters except Fo were significantly different (p<0.05). When the cut-off point was set to 0.3, the RAP was the most significant parameter given that the sensitivity was 0.911 and the specificity was 0.979. Combining RAP and NHR, the sensitivity was 1.000 and the specificity was 0.771. CONCLUSION: Voice analysis is a very convenient and effective diagnostic tool in clinically evaluating the risk of aspiration.
Acoustics ; Deglutition ; Deglutition Disorders ; Humans ; Noise ; Rehabilitation ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Vocal Cords ; Voice*

OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to determine whether unexplained elevation in maternal serum human chorionic gonadotropin without abnormal elevation in matemal serum alpha-fetoprotein (MSAFP) in the second trimester may be associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. METHODS: Between January 1997 and December 1997, we evaluated 906 pregnant women undergoing second trimester triple marker screening tests who delivered at our hospital. Multiple pregnancy, fetal anomaly, intrauterine fetal death before 20 completed weeks of gestational age, insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein level greater than 2.0 multiple of the median (MoM) were excluded fiom the study. Seventy-two women with hCG level greater than 2.0 MoM were included in the study group while 809 women with hCG level less than 2.0 MoM served as the control group. Adverse pregnancy outcomes were obtained from hospital delivery records and neonatal records. Statistical analysis were performed by students t-test and chi square test. RESULTS: Women with unexplained elevation of human chorionic gonadotropin level showed increased risks for intrauterine growth retardation (P<0.01) and pregnancy induced hypertension (P<0.05). There were no significant differences between study and control groups with respect to preterm delivery, placental abruption, fetal anomaly and intrauterine fetal death. CONCLUSION: Unexplained elevation of human chorionic gonadotropin in the second trimester was associated with intrauterine growth retardation and pregnancy induced hypertension.
Abruptio Placentae ; alpha-Fetoproteins ; Chorionic Gonadotropin* ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Female ; Fetal Death ; Fetal Growth Retardation ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Humans* ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced ; Insulin ; Mass Screening ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Outcome ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second* ; Pregnancy, Multiple ; Pregnant Women

BACKGROUND: CD43 is a sialoglycoprotein that is highly expressed on most leukocytes, except on B lymphocytes and dendritic cells. CD43 has been reported to be involved in the adhesion and apoptosis of lymphocytes. Although the aberrant expression of CD43 antigen in non-lymphoid tissues has been reported, the expression of the CD43 antigen in gastrointestinal malignancies is not well studied. Here, we studied the expression of CD43 in colon adenocarcinoma using the anti-CD43 monoclonal antibody developed in our laboratory. METHODS: Thirty patients who had undergone surgical resection for colorectal carcinoma were recruited. The expression of CD43 molecule was determined by analyzing the formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded specimens immunohistochemically using our newly developed anti-CD43 mAb (K06). The results obtained by the immunohistochemical analysis correlated to the clinicopatho-logical parameters. RESULTS: The expression of CD43 were found in 20 out of 30 colorectal carcinoma cases. The expression of CD43 antigen is higher in well differentiated adenocarcinomas than poorly or moderately differentiated adenocarcinomas. CONCLUSIONS: The new anti-CD43 mAb might be helpful for the detection of the expression of CD43 on colorectal carcinoma cells. Further studies are required to assess the relationship between the CD43 expression and the colorectal carcinogenesis.
Adenocarcinoma ; Antigens, CD43 ; Apoptosis ; B-Lymphocytes ; Carcinogenesis ; Colon ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Dendritic Cells ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leukocytes ; Lymphocytes

PURPOSE: Excluding RSV, the relationship between bronchiolitis caused by viruses and the development of wheezing and atopy in childhood has not been well studied. We studied this relationship in children who had bronchiolitis caused by human bocavirus before 2 years of age. METHODS: We retrospectively investigated 2,430 throat swab obstained between January 2005 and December 2007 from pediatric in-patients with acute respiratory tract disease at the Kwangju Christian Hospital. Human bocavirus was detected in 112 patients. A total of 61 patients less than 2 years of age were finally enrolled in this study. Patients were followed up between April and June of 2008. We measured the frequency of wheezing and atopic status using (allergy skin-prick tests, CAP tests and MAST tests). RESULTS: Of the 61 patients, 16 (26.2%) had recurrent wheezing. Of these 16 patients, 8 (13.1%) had Infrequent wheezing (1-2 wheezing episodes) and 8 (13.1%) had frequent wheezing (3 and over wheezing episodes). Of the total 61 patients, 18 (29.5%) completed allergy tests. Of the 18 patients, 10 (55.6%) were sensitized to at least 1 allergen. Recurrent wheezing was significantly associated with the severity of bronchiolitis (mild vs. moderate vs. severe; 9.1% vs. 22.2% vs. 66.7%). CONCLUSION: Human bocavirus-induced bronchiolitis in childhood are an independent risk factor for development of wheezing in childhood and may be associated with an increased risk of allergic sensitization. The most important risk factor for recurrent wheezing is the severity of lower respiratory tract illnesses.
Bronchiolitis ; Child ; Human bocavirus ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Korea ; Pharynx ; Respiratory Sounds ; Respiratory System ; Respiratory Tract Diseases ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease characterized by the overprocuctionofautoantibodiesandthedepositionofimmune complexes in various organs. Unusual case of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) associated with minimal change nephrotic syndrome(MCNS) is described. A 30-year-old woman who has been diagnosed as SLE and treated with prednisolone presented symptoms of nephrotic syndrome. Renal biopsy revealed minor glomerular abnormalities without deposition of immune complexes. The initial heavy proteinuria promptly decreased after the prednisolone dosage was increased and disappeared 10 weeks later. She developed proteinuria again 3 years after the initial episode. Repeated renal biopsy revealed membranous nephropathy. T-cell dysfunction, which is present both in SLE and MCNS, might have triggered MCNS during the course of SLE.
Adult ; Antigen-Antibody Complex ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Biopsy ; Female ; Glomerulonephritis, Membranous ; Humans ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Nephrosis, Lipoid* ; Nephrotic Syndrome ; Prednisolone ; Proteinuria ; T-Lymphocytes

A 59-year-old female was admitted with left flank pain. She had heat intolerance and dyspnea for the last 3 years. She was diagnosed as having renal and splenic infarction. 2 phase computed tomography (CT) scan on abdomen and pelvis showed a non-enhancing portion at the anterior aspect of the left kidney and multifocal low density at the spleen. Laboratory examinations revealed TSH 0.0004 uIU/mL, Free T4 2.69 ng/dL, T3 1.67 ng/mL, anti TPO antibody 207 U/mL (positive), anti TG antibody 52.7 U/mL (positive) and TSH receptor antibody >40 U/mL. A diagnosis of hyperthyroidism was made. Factor VIII activity increased over 160% (normal range 60-140), which has been known to increase in the cases of hyperthyroidism. Except for an increased factor VIII activity there were no thrombogenic abnormalities. She recovered well after the treatment with methimazole in addition to warfarin followed by intravenous heparin. This case is consistent with the assumption that hyperthyroidism, probably through a factor VIII-mediated hypercoagulability, may be a predisposing factor for the development of renal and splenic infarction.
Abdomen ; Dyspnea ; Factor VIII ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Heparin ; Hot Temperature ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism ; Immunoglobulins, Thyroid-Stimulating ; Infarction ; Kidney ; Methimazole ; Middle Aged ; Pelvis ; Receptors, Thyrotropin ; Spleen ; Splenic Infarction ; Thrombophilia ; Warfarin