The antihypertensive effect of carteolol hydrochloride was observed in 20 cases of essential hypertension, and following results were obtained. 1. Mean drops in systolic and diastolic blood pressure by carteolol hydrochloride were 13mmHg and 9mmHg. The results of antihypertensive therapy revealed good control in 25%, fair control in 35%, poor in 20% and failure in 20% of the cases. 2. After the administration of carteolol hydrochloride, no drop in average heart rate was observed. 3. The side effect of carteolol was mild indigestion in two cases.
Blood Pressure ; Carteolol* ; Dyspepsia ; Heart Rate ; Hypertension

PURPOSE: Benign Convulsions with mild Gastroenteritis(CwG) were first reported in Japan by Morooka in 1982. The condition is recognized as a distinct clinical entity. It is characterized by previously healthy infants and young children aged 6 months to 3 years having afebrile brief generalized tonic-clonic convulsions between the first and the fifth sick days of viral gastroenteritis usually in winter. The patients are less than 5% dehydrated and the seizures tend to occur repetitively over several days with no eleptic discharges in the interictal electroencephalograms. The tests for rotavirus antigens in stool are frequently positive and other laboratory results are normal including cerebrospinal fluid, serum electrolytes and blood glucose. Also, they are known to have a good prognosis. The study intends to compare the clinical symptoms of CwG with normal body temperature and with high body temperature because mild gastroenteritis can induce fever. METHODS: The subjects were 42 patients diagnosed as GwG, who were admitted to Soonchunhyang University Hospital from May 2003 to March 2006. A Cohort study was performed and their characteristics were examined in terms of frequency, sex, age, monthly distribution, body temperature, days in hospital, seizure tups and duration, number of convulsions in one gastroenteritis period, family history, past history, and other symptoms of gastroenteritis RESULTS: The Total number of patients with gastroenteritis in the period were 635 and only 42(6.6%) patients were diagnosed as CwG. The mean age was 17.1+/-4.7 months, and it commonly occurs in winter. the typical symptoms of gastroenteritis were vomiting and diarrhea with 34(81.0%) patients having both symptoms simultaneously. Less vomiting and more diarrhea were noticed after seizure. Rotavirus antigens were positive in 18(51.4%) patients, and the number of seizures was 2.0+/-1.3 times during one gastroenteritis period. There were found no statistical differences in age, sex, days in hospital, seizure types and duration in those groups with and without fever and of pisitive and negative rotavirus antigens. CONCLUSION: CwG was defined as nonfebrile convulsions with gastroenteritis until nowadays, but there are no statistical differences between febrile and nonfebrile CwG. Therefore, febr ile seizures with gastroenteritis can be included in the same category of CwG.
Blood Glucose ; Body Temperature ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Child ; Cohort Studies ; Diarrhea ; Electroencephalography ; Electrolytes ; Fever ; Gastroenteritis* ; Humans ; Infant ; Japan ; Prognosis* ; Rotavirus ; Seizures* ; Sick Leave ; Vomiting

The term "neonatal hepatitis" is used to designate hepatic inflammation of unknown cause. Liver failure is present with coagulopathy, metabolic instability, cholestasis, or other manifestations. It can be present with a chronic pattern with near normal serum aminotransferases, consistent with a prenatal liver injury. There have been case reports which show intrauterine intracranial hemorrhages associated with trauma, malformations or maternal coagulopathy. However, to our knowledge, there is no report of intrauterine intracranial hemorrhage resulting from fetal coagulopathy caused by chronic prenatal liver injury. We report a rare case of intrauterine intracranial hemorrhage due to intrauterine coagulopathy caused by chronic intrauterine liver failure.
Cholestasis ; Inflammation ; Intracranial Hemorrhages* ; Liver Failure* ; Liver* ; Transaminases

No abstract available.
Lipoproteins* ; Nephrosis, Lipoid*

Pentoxifylline (Trental(R)) is a drug which blocks pathophysiologic process of cerebrovascular disease by inhibiting platelet aggregation, improving cerebral microcirculation preventing development of cerebral edema. In an attempt to evaluate the effect of pentoxifylline for the treatment of 25 patients (male 17 cases, female 8 cases) with cerebrovasculaar disease, we administered pentoxifylline 600mg daily in devided dosage for 1 to 7 months. Most of them were patients with cerebral thrombosis (52%), cerebral embolism (24%), cerebral hemorrhage (12%) and transient ischemic attack (12%). Clinical effects were evaluated at least 1 month later by the criteria using scoring method of serverity of symptoms. In summary, definite effect was found in 15 cases (60%), mild effect in 6 cases (24%) and no efect or aggravation in 4 cases (16%), especially in patients with cerebral hemorrhage. During treatment there was no significant side effect except mild elevation of serum creatinine in one case who was associated with chronic renal failure.
Brain Edema ; Cerebral Hemorrhage ; Creatinine ; Female ; Humans ; Intracranial Embolism ; Intracranial Thrombosis ; Ischemic Attack, Transient ; Kidney Failure, Chronic ; Microcirculation ; Pentoxifylline* ; Platelet Aggregation ; Research Design

In order to observe the change of epicardial ECG(Eep), left ventricular pressure, left ventricular dp/dt and the development of arrhythmia during regional myocardial ischemia and reperfusion, proximal LAD was ligated for 30 minutes and reperfused suddenly for 30 minytes in eleven mongrel dogs which were grouped into control(n=6) and diltiazem(n=5) group. In diltiazem group, diltiazem infusion was started 10 minutes prior to reperfusion with the speed of 0.02mg/kg/min for 25 minutes. The amount of injury current was measured from TQ segment and ST segment changes of Eep, and its effect on the incidence of reperfusion arrhythmia was evaluated. Eep, LV pressure, LV dp/dt and ECG were simultaneously recoreded with the paper speed of 100mm/sec at predetermined time intervals, and 6 channel ECG(standard lead I, II, III, AVR, AVL, AVF) was recorded continuously with paper speed of 10mm/sec throughout the experiment. The results were as follows ; 1) After ligation of LAD, the polarity QRS of Eep changed to show monophasic shape from 3-4 minutes, TQ segment depressed to reach minumum level at 4-7 minutes and ST segment elevated to reach maximum level at 4-5 minutes. These changes recovered rapidly to pre-ligation state after reperfusion, and this tendency was not affected by diltiazem. 2) The absolute value of LV dp/dt max and LV dp/dt min decreased 10% at 2-4 minutes after LAD ligation, and began to recover from 7 minutes after reperfusion to reach peak recovery value at 20 minutes after reperfusion in control group. In diltiazem group, it decreased 15% after diltiazem infusion and began to recover from 1 minutes after reperfusion to reach peak recovery value at 7 minutes after reperefusion. 3) Ischemic ventricular fibrillation was observed at the time of maximum TQ depression and ST segment elevation and 4 out of 6 events were developed within 5 minutes after LAD ligation. The cases with Isch-Vf developed Rep-Vf without exception, which was observed in 8 out of 11 cases and was noted within 1 minutes after reperfusion except one. 4) Maximum ST elevation was significantly higher in group with Rep-Vf then in group without Rep-Vf(Rep-Vf(+);18.5+/-11.1, Rep-Vf(-);10.3e+/-6.9, p<0.05), and also maximum ST elevation was significantly higher in group with both Isch-Vf and Rep-Vf then in group with only Rep-Vf(Isch-Vf+Rep-Vf;28.5+/-7.8, Rep-Vf only;10,5+/-4.7, P<0.01). 5) The incidende of reperfusion ventricular fibrillation was 83% in control group(5 out of 6) and 60% in diltiazem group(3 out of 5), but the inhibitory effect of diltiazem on the reperfusion Vf could not be confirmed due to the difference of the incidence of ischemic Vf between the two groups(control group;67%(4 out of 6), ditiazem group;20%(1out of 5)). In conclusion, maximum injury current developed 4-7 minutes after coronary artery ligation, and maximum ST elevation value was significantly related with the development of ischemic Vf and reperfusion Vf, and the inhibitory effect of diltiazem on the reperfusion ventricular fibrillation could not be confirmed in this study.
Animals ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Depression ; Diltiazem* ; Dogs ; Electrocardiography* ; Incidence ; Ligation* ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Reperfusion* ; Ventricular Fibrillation ; Ventricular Pressure

The antiplatelet aggregation effect of ticlopidine was studied in 22 cases of coronary artery disease(CAD) and 17 cases of control by obseving changes of plarma beta-thromboglobulin(beta-TG) and platelet factor 4(PF-4) before and after administration of ticlopidine 500mmg daily for 2 weeks. 1) Compared with the controls, CAD patients had significantly greater plasm levels of beta-TG(52.6+/-32.7ng/ml. mean +/-SD vs. 91.0+/-52.0, P<0.05) and PF-4(17.5+/-12.8 ng/ml vs. 32.9+/-24.5, P<0.05). 2) In controls, plasma levels of beta-TG and PF-4 didn't change significantly after taking ticlopidine. 3) In CAD patients, plasma levels of beta-TG (91.0+/-52.0ng/ml vs. 53.9+/-20.0, P<0.05) and PF-4(32.9+/-24.5ng/ml vs. 18.8 +/-11.9(P<0.05) decreased significantly after ticlopidine. 4) The side effects were observed in 2 cases such as mild indigestion and urticaria.
Blood Platelets ; Coronary Vessels ; Dyspepsia ; Humans ; Plasma ; Ticlopidine* ; Urticaria

PURPOSE: To evaluate the results of surgical reconstruction of lateral capsule-ligament complex with reinforcement by periosteal flap of distal fibula and inferior extensor retinaculum for chronic lateral ankle instability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From April 2003 to August 2006, 62 patients with chronic lateral ankle instability were operated. There were 38 males and 24 females with a mean age of 39.6 years (range, 18~61 years). Mean follow-up period was 32 months (range, 10~48 months). All patients were checked with preoperative ankle anteroposterior and lateral view, stress anterior drawer and varus test using Telos device. The clinical results were graded according to the VAS and AOFAS scale. RESULTS: VAS score improved from preoperative 8.2 points to 3.1 points. There were 38 patients who were excellent (above 90 points), 18 who were good (between 76 and 90 points), 5 who were fair (between 60 and 75 points), and 1 who was poor (below 60 points) according to the AOFAS ankle and hindfoot scale. The excellent and good results amounted to 90.3%. CONCLUSION: Surgical reconstruction of lateral capsule-ligament complex with reinforcement by periosteal flap of distal fibula and inferior extensor retinaculum is believed to be a effective method for chronic lateral ankle instability.
Ankle Joint ; Ankle* ; Female ; Fibula* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male

Cardiac myxoma is rare and has protean clinical manifestations mimicking various disease. Unless clinician has a high index of suspicion, the diagnosis can be easil missed. However diagnosis is all the more important since surgery can be dramatically successful, where as untreated myxoma invariably leads to death. Cardiac myxoma accounts for 50% of primary cardiac tumor and mainly originates in left atrium.(75%). The features of myxoma can be described under the three headings : Constitutional, obstructive, and embolic. From 1977 to 1985, the authors have experienced 30 cases of cardiac myxoma, one of which recurred. Of 29 patients, 8 were male and 21 were female. Their ages ranged from 11 to 55 years with average of 39.8 years. Constitutional manifestation was found in 25 of the 27 patients, obstructive manifestation in 27, and embolic phenomenon in 5. The diagnosis of myxoma was made on the basis of 2-D echocardiography. The sensitivity was 100%. Except 1 case who refused operation, all received surgical treatment. Immediate postoperative complication occurred in 6 patients(23%). Among them serious complication could be found only in 2 cases(7.7%). During long term follow up there was one recurrence and one patient with right ventricular myxoma has tricuspid regurgitation. In other cases, we could not found any problems.
Diagnosis ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Head ; Heart Neoplasms ; Humans ; Male ; Myxoma* ; Postoperative Complications ; Recurrence ; Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency

PURPOSE: Obesity is one of the most common health problems among children and its prevalence has increased in recent decades. Socioeconomic status (SES) is a well-known risk factor for childhood obesity although the associations were different across countries. Previous studies in other countries have reported a positive association between childhood obesity and SES in developing countries, and inverse correlation has been reported in developed countries. For this reason, we wanted to investigate the relationship between SES and obesity in Korean children. METHODS: Data were acquired 3,095 boys and girls who participated in the fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, which was conducted from 2010 to 2012. Body mass index was calculated from measured anthropometric data using the 2007 Korean National Growth Charts. RESULTS: Upon univariate analysis, we did not find any statistically significant differences in the parental employment status, monthly family income between children with and without obesity. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed childhood obesity was positively associated with maternal overweight (OR, 1.889; 95% CI, 1.079-3.309), maternal obesity (OR, 3.409; 95% CI, 2.228-5.215) and paternal obesity (OR, 2.135; 95% CI, 1.257-3.627). CONCLUSION: The present study showed that socioeconomic status might not an important risk factor for obesity in Korean children. These results warrant further studies to clarify the association between SES and obesity in Korean children.
Body Mass Index ; Child* ; Developed Countries ; Developing Countries ; Education ; Employment ; Female ; Growth Charts ; Humans ; Korea* ; Logistic Models ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Obesity* ; Overweight ; Parents ; Pediatric Obesity ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Social Class*