Objective: To develop a computer-aided cephalometric analysis system running under the environment of Windows 9X/NT and based on screen input of landmark and contour line. Methods: The analysis system was made with object-oriented method, the program was written with Visual Basic 6.0 and Access 8.0, and the data on the screen was converted. Results: Cephalometric landmark points and contour lines were input through computer screen, then analyzed (22 modes), superposed and managed statistically. The system showed the advantages of using popular hardware, good compatibility, easy expansion, friendly user interface, simple input of landmark points, artful input of cephalometric contour, intuition and diversification of superposition, deversification of statistic analysis, integrated information collection and convenient search. Conclusions: The system can be used in clinic and research.

砄bjective: To develop a computer aided cephalometric analysis system running under the environment of Windows 9X/NT and based on screen input of landmark and contour line. Methods: The analysis system was made with object oriented method, the program was written with Visual Basic 6.0 and Access 8.0, and the data on the screen was converted. Results: Cephalometric landmark points and contour lines were input through computer screen, then analyzed (22 modes), superposed and managed statistically. The system showed the advantages of using popular hardware, good compatibility, easy expansion, friendly user interface, simple input of landmark points, artful input of cephalometric contour, intuition and diversification of superposition, deversification of statistic analysis, integrated information collection and convenient search. Conclusions: The system can be used in clinic and research.

Adult ; Female ; Hematologic Tests ; Hexanes ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; adverse effects ; Young Adult

BACKGROUND:There are many kinds of ways to obtain osteoblasts at present, but how to get high-purity osteoblasts in a easy and fast way has become a hot research.
OBJECTIVE:To explore a method to get massive and high purified osteoblasts effectively by comparing three common primary osteoblast culture methods, and to observe the biological characteristics of the osteoblasts from the skul of neonatal rabbit.
METHODCalvarias were dissected from newborn New Zealand white rabbits within 24 hours, and osteoblasts were isolated with bone tissue method, col agenase digestion method and modified tryptase and col agenase sequential digestion method respectively, then the cells were subcultured in vitro. Osteoblast proliferation and osteogenic activity were identified by inverted microscope for morphology observation. The rate of living osteobalsts was counted with trypan blue staining. The growth curve of the cells was drawn with MTT method. Alizarin red staining was applied to detect alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin protein in the cellculture supernatants. Col agen I and col agen III immunohistochemical staining was also performed. RT-PCR was used to determine the expression of osteocalcin and col agen I mRNA expression.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The cultured cells showed highly homogeneous appearance with active proliferation, and they had the typical features of osteoblasts. Alizarin red staining and col agen I immunohistochemical staining were both positive, while col agen III immunohistochemical staining was negative. Alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin protein expression in the cellculture supernatants can be detected. The expression of osteocalcin and col agen I mRNA was positive in the RT-PCR test. Compared with col agenase digestion method, the modified tryptase and col agenase I sequential digestion method cost less time, presented higher production of osteoblasts and higher cellsurvival rate (P<0.05). Bone tissue method was the easiest method and did the least damage to osteoblasts, but it presented lowest production of osteoblasts and cost the maximum time among the three methods. So it cannot be used in large-scale osteoblast culture. A large quantity of high purity osteoblasts were obtained by modified trypsase and col agenase I sequential digestion method, which can be used as a reliable and efficient way to obtain the original generation osteoblasts in vitro.

Objective To assess the relationship between GABA_(B) receptor in medulla and trigeminal neuralgia on rats. Methods Twelve SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups,3 for each group.Group A and B were surgical groups,while Group C and D were sham surgical ones.In the surgical group,right unilateral chronical constriction injury(CCI) of rats was produced by placing loose chromic gut ligature around the infraorbital nerve(ION).In the sham surgical group,the ION was only exposed using the same procedure but not ligated.Mechanical response threshold was observed before operation and 3,6,9,12 and 15 days after operation.Medullas of rats in group A and B were taken to measure the quantity of GABA_(B) receptor by real-time PCR 9 days after operation,and medullas of rats in group C and D were done 15 days after operation. Results Compared with the sham surgical group,an allodynia to mechanical stimulation on the territory of ligated ION was found from the ninth to fifteenth day after operation in surgical group(P

Objective: To explore the role of mucosal immunity in the pathogenesis of asthma and allergic rhinitis and to search for common materials for the two conditions, so as to reveal the relationship of asthma and allergic rhinitis. Methods: A total of 82 patients with acute asthma, including 44 with asthma alone and 38 with asthma complicated with rhinitis, were included in this study. Another 30 patients with allergic rhinitis alone and 30 healthy controls were also included. The saliva, sputum, and nasal secretions (all 2 ml) were collected to observe the secretory immunoglobulin-A (sIgA) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Flow cytometry was employed to observe CD4 -, CD8+ lymphocytes in blood samples (2 ml) obtained from the elbow vein. The levels of eosinophil cationic protein (ECP) and serum total immunoglobulin E (T-IgE) were assessed by fluorescent enzyme immunoassay. Results: Sputum sIgA levels in the asthmatic group, combination group, and rhinitis group were significantly lower than that in the normal control group (P<0. 01); saliva sIgA levels in the asthmatic group and combination group had a decreasing tendency but had no significant difference compared with that in the normal control group. sIgA levels in the nasal secretions in the asthma group and combination group were significantly higher than those in the normal control group (P<0. 05) and rhinitis group (P<0. 01), and there was no significant difference between the rhinitis group and the control group. Blood CD4+ cells in the asthmatic group and combination group were decreased than that in the normal control group (P<0. 05). Blood CD8 + cells were similar in all the groups. CD4+/CD8 + cells in the asthma group was significantly more than those in the normal control group and rhinitis group (P<0. 05). Serum T-IgE-levels in the combination group and rhinitis group were significantly higher than that in the normal control group (P<0. 01). Serum ECP was hardly detected in the normal control group; that in the asthma group was significantly higher than that in the rhinitis group (P<0. 05), and that in the combined group was not significantly different with those in the asthma group or the rhinitis group. ECP and T-IgE levels were positively correlated (r=0. 467, P<0. 05) in the asthma group, and not correlated in other groups. Conclusion: The asthma and allergic rhinitis are both closely related to mucosal immunity, which is the manifestation of asthma and rhinitis in different sites. The sIgA, CD4 +, CD8+, ECP, and T-IgE may be the material bas for mucosal immunity.

Objective To investigate the expression of NF-κB/p65 in nasal NK/T cell lymphomas. Methods Immunohistochemis-try and TUNEL were used to study the expression of NF-KB/p65 and cell apoptosis in 23 nasal NK/T cell lymphoma samples and 14 benign lymph node lesions. Results The NF-KB/p65 positive rates were 43.5% (10/23). The expression of NF-κB/p65 was negative correlated with apoptotic index among 23 nasal NK/T cell lymphomas(P <0. 05). The mean survival period in patients expressed NF-KB/p65 was sig-nificantly shorter than that in negative group(P <0. 05). Conclusions Apoptosis inhibited by overexpression of NF-κB/p65 might be in-volved in the development of nasal NK/T cell lymphoma. NF-κB/p65 expression may be an unfavorable prognostic factor of nasal NK/T cell lymphoma.

Objective To investigate the expression of XIAP and survivin and its significance in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Methods The expression of XIAP and survivin were detected by immunohistochemistry in 49 patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphomas. Results The positive rate of XIAP and survivin in cases of DLBCL were 40.8%(20/49) and 44.9%(22/49) respectively, which was higher than that of benign lymph node pathological changes (P ＜0.05). The expression of XIAP in DLBCL positively correlated with the expression of surviving (r =0.382, P =0.01). Moreover, the mean survival period in DLBCL expressing XIAP was shorter than the XIAP-negative group. Conclusion The up-regulation of expression of XIAP may play an important role in the development of DLBCL, and may cooperate with the expression of survivin in apoptosis pathway. Furthermore, the expression of XIAP might be a new unfavorable prognosis factor of DLBCL.

Objective: To investigate the clinical and pathological factors related to metachronous liver metastases in patients with Dukes'C colorectal cancer.Methods: A total of 170 patients with Dukes'C colorectal cancer treated with radical surgery in our hospital between January 2003 and December 2006 were reviewed.Factors including sex, age, tumor size (cm), depth of invasion, histological type, and serum CEA level were analyzed.Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the factors concerned by Binary logistic regression (SPSS 13.0 for windows).Results: Of the 170 cases, 36 cases had metachronous liver metastases and 26 of them (72.2%) were found with metachronous liver metastases with-in two years after surgery.Thirty-two cases (88.9%) were identified with metachronous liver metastases within three years after surgery.Univariate analysis showed that depth of invasion, histological type and serum CEA level were predictors that could affect metachronous liver metastases.Depth of invasion and serum CEA level were independent risk factors for meta-chronous liver metastases of colorectal cancer.Multivariate analysis revealed that histological type was independent favor-able factor for metachronous liver metastases of colorectal cancer.Conclusion: Depth of invasion, histological type and se-rum CEA level were independent factors related to metachronous liver metastases of colorectal cancer.It is necessary to closely follow up Dukes'C colorectal cancer patients for two or three years after surgery in order to detect metachronous liv-er metastases early, especially for patients with higher preoperative serum CEA level or with tumor invasion to serosa.

In this paper, the effects of the blend of nanoparticles and microneedle matrix materials on the mechanical properties of dissolving microneedles were studied mainly, so as to construct microneedles with excellent mechanical properties. Different kinds of nanoparticles (calcium carbonate, hydroxyapatite, silica), particle sizes (20, 60, 100 nm) and the proportion of prescription (2%, 6%, 10%) were blended with the matrix material [polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP), poly(1-vinylpyrrolidone-co-vinyl acetate)(PVP/VA)] to form dissolving microneedles. The effects of nanoparticles on the elastic modulus and hardness of the microneedles were investigated using a nanoindenter. The results showed that the elastic modulus and hardness of PVP microneedles were significantly improved by nano-calcium carbonate (P < 0.001), and the elastic modulus and hardness of PVP/VA microneedles were significantly improved by nano-hydroxyapatite (P < 0.001). When the particle size of hydroxyapatite was 20 nm, the elastic modulus of PVP/VA microneedles was (10.6 ± 1.0) GPa, and the hardness was (0.47 ± 0.06) GPa. As the size of the nanoparticles increases, the mechanical performance of the microneedles decreases. When the mass proportion of nano-hydroxyapatite increased from 2% to 6%, the elastic modulus and hardness of the microneedles were significantly improved (P < 0.001), but the effect of continue increasing the proportion of nanoparticles on the microneedles was not significant. The nano-enhanced PVP/VA dissolving microneedles has no irritant effect on intact skin and has a slight irritation to damaged skin, but they disappear completely after 72 h. Animal experiments have been approved by the Laboratory Animal Welfare and Ethics Committee of Zhejiang University of Technology. Therefore, the nano-enhanced dissolving microneedles has good biological safety. To sum up, it is necessary to select the appropriate kind of nanoparticle, particle size, and prescription ratio when microneedles constructing with a given matrix material, so as to effectively improve its mechanical performance.