PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of empowerment education program on self-efficacy, self-care agency, self-care activities and physiologic parameters among hemodialysis patients. METHOD: Nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. There were 36 subjects in the experimental group and 35 subjects in the control group. The empowerment education program was administered for 4 weeks (1 time per week). Data were collected pre-treatment and post treatment. The chi2-test or Fisher's exact test, ANCOVA, t-test and paired t-test were performed to determine the group differences, using SPSS 14.0 version. RESULTS: Self-efficacy, self-care agency, self-care activities and weight variation significantly improved after the empowerment education program in hemodialysis patients. CONCLUSION: The empowerment education program for hemodialysis patients was effective to improve the degree of self-efficacy, self-care activities and self-care agency and to decrease interdialytic weight variation.
Humans ; Power (Psychology) ; Renal Dialysis ; Self Care

OBJECTIVE: This study is aimed at the pathoanatomic correlates of emotional problem in the patients with stroke. METHOD: Thirty patients with single, unilateral hemispheric lesion and no predisposing factors for psychiatric disorder were selected. Several neuropsychological assessments such as Mini- mental status examination-Korean (MMSE-K), Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory (MMPI), Symptom checklist-90-Revision (SCL-90-R) and Functional independence measure (FIM) were performed on all patients by a clinical psychologist and an occupational therapist. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences between right and left hemisphere lesion group in emotional problems. Right hemispheric lesion group showed significantly higher scores of psychasthenia (MMPI), Obsessive-compulsive (SCL-90-R) and self care (FIM) than left hemispheric lesion group did. But there were no statistically significant differences between cortical and subcortical lesion group. Groups of left cortical lesion, right cortical lesion, left subcortical lesion and right subcortical lesion were not significantly different in their neuropsychological assessments and FIM except self care. CONCLUSION: Obsessive-compulsive and anxious emotional problems are more closely related with right hemispheric lesion. Therefore patients with right hemispheric lesion need more careful psychological and psychiatric evaluation. However, because of the small numbers of subjects involved in the study, the role of lesion location remains unclear so that consecutive follow-up studies are needed.
Causality ; Humans ; MMPI ; Neuroanatomy ; Neuropsychology ; Psychology ; Self Care ; Stroke*

PURPOSE: This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of an internet community on knowledge, self-efficacy, and self-care behavior in workers with hypertension. METHOD: The research design used was a nonequivalent control group pre-test and post-test design. Sixty hypertensive workers participated in this study(Exp.=29, Cont.=31). The data was collected from the 3rd of November 2003 to the 27th of February 2004 using an interview with questionnaires. Information related to hypertension was provided on the internet community weekly and an e-mail newsletter was sent in order to increase participation in the internet community. We used a tool developed by Park Young-Im(1994) that measured knowledge related to hypertension and self-efficacy. A tool developed by Jung Mi-Young(2001) was used for self-care behavior. The collected data was analyzed with an chi2-test and t-test using the SPSS WIN 10.0 program. RESULT: The internet community helped workers with hypertension to increase their knowledge related to hypertension, as well as increasing their self-efficacy and self-care behavior. CONCLUSION: An internet community could be applied as hypertensive nursing intervention.
*Self Efficacy ; *Self Care ; Patient Education ; Male ; *Internet ; Hypertension/*psychology ; Humans ; *Health Behavior ; Electronic Mail ; Adult

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of health self-management on self-efficiency of diabetes patients.
 METHODS: A total of 184 eligible and voluntary diabetes patients were recruited for 6 consecutive weeks of knowledge and skills intervention, and interviewed with questionnaire by diabetes self-efficacy scale (DSES) before and after the intervention. The changes in self-efficiency were compared with two paired sample McNemar test.
 RESULTS: After the intervention, the total scores of self-efficiency on diet, medication, blood sugar monitoring, foot care and complications management were all increased significantly compared with those before the intervention (P<0.05).
 CONCLUSION The intervention model of health self-management for self-efficiency in diabetes patients is effective, and the quality of patients' life can be improved.
Diabetes Mellitus ; psychology ; therapy ; Disease Management ; Humans ; Self Care ; Self Efficacy ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic disease requiring continuous treatment and vigorous self-management. Reinforcement of effective self management and diabetes education are important factors in successful treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the current diabetes education program on blood glucose control, self-management, and self-efficacy of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: A total of 592 patients with newly diagnosed or uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus were recruited to the diabetes education program from January to December 2007. We surveyed 338 patients from April to July 2008. A total of 117 patients had biochemical examinations and completed a questionnaire about knowledge, self-management and self-efficacy of diabetes treatment (no education group (n = 23), education group (n = 94)). RESULTS: The total scores from the questionnaires and the results of laboratory data showed no differences between the two groups. However, there were significant reductions in hemoglobin A1c level in the education group, as compared with the no education group (P = 0.039). Although the score for knowledge about diabetes mellitus was significantly higher in the education group (P = 0.005), greater knowledge was not reflected in the self-management or self-efficacy of the patients. CONCLUSION: The current diabetes education program had no effect on the self-management or self-efficacy of patients with diabetes, although did show some degree of association with blood glucose control and diabetes knowledge level. We conclude that a more effective diabetes education program needs to be developed and applied to daily practice for the improvement ofself-efficacy in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Blood Glucose ; Chronic Disease ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Hemoglobins ; Humans ; Reinforcement (Psychology) ; Self Care ; Self Efficacy ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of the workshop on the nurses' knowledge about urinary incontinence (UI) self-management, attitudes toward UI, and self-efficacy to plan and implement a UI self-help group program for their clients. METHODS: A one-group pretest and posttest design was used to examine changes in knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy following a one-day training workshop. Twenty-seven community health nurses completed a questionnaire before and after the workshop. Before participating in the workshop, the participants were required to take a UI online continuing education program developed by the researchers. During the workshop, the participants took four sessions which consisted of an introduction of a self-help group program, demonstration of a 5-week UI self-management program contents, pelvic floor muscle training and biofeedback practice, and group discussions to plan the implementation in their workplaces. RESULTS: A significant improvement in knowledge of and attitudes toward UI were found (t=3.53, p=.002; t=2.83, p=.009, respectively) after the workshop. Participants also demonstrated improvement in their self-efficacy to plan and operate a UI self-help group program (Z=-2.64, p=.008). CONCLUSION: The one-day workshop for community health nurses is a feasible strategy to increase their abilities and confidence in operating a UI self-help group program.
Biofeedback, Psychology ; Education* ; Education, Continuing ; Nurses, Community Health* ; Pelvic Floor ; Program Evaluation ; Self Care* ; Self-Help Groups ; Urinary Incontinence*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing symptom self management (SSM) in the patient with a chronic mental disorder. METHOD: Data was collected by questionnaires from 204 chronic mental disorders in an outpatient clinic in a General Hospital and Public Mental Health Centers in Seoul and Kyunggi Province. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: The score of SSM showed a significantly positive correlation with the score of the level of self efficacy (SE) (r=.33, p=.00), social support (SS) (r=.27, p=.00), self care agency (SCA) (r=.36, p=.00) and daily living ability (DLA) (r=.34, p=.00). The score of DLA showed a significantly positive correlation with the score of level of SE (r=.46, p=.00), SS (r=.51, p=.00), and SCA (r=.52, p=.00). The most powerful predictor of SSM was SCA (14%). A combination of SCA, DLA, and SS account for 20 % of the variance in SSM. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that SCA, DLA, and SS are significant influencing factors on SSM in patients with chronic mental disorders.
Social Support ; *Self Efficacy ; *Self Care ; Questionnaires ; Middle Aged ; Mental Disorders/*psychology/therapy ; Male ; Humans ; Female ; Chronic Disease ; Adult ; Adolescent

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the factors influencing symptom self management (SSM) in the patient with a chronic mental disorder. METHOD: Data was collected by questionnaires from 204 chronic mental disorders in an outpatient clinic in a General Hospital and Public Mental Health Centers in Seoul and Kyunggi Province. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics, pearson correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: The score of SSM showed a significantly positive correlation with the score of the level of self efficacy (SE) (r=.33, p=.00), social support (SS) (r=.27, p=.00), self care agency (SCA) (r=.36, p=.00) and daily living ability (DLA) (r=.34, p=.00). The score of DLA showed a significantly positive correlation with the score of level of SE (r=.46, p=.00), SS (r=.51, p=.00), and SCA (r=.52, p=.00). The most powerful predictor of SSM was SCA (14%). A combination of SCA, DLA, and SS account for 20 % of the variance in SSM. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that SCA, DLA, and SS are significant influencing factors on SSM in patients with chronic mental disorders.
Social Support ; *Self Efficacy ; *Self Care ; Questionnaires ; Middle Aged ; Mental Disorders/*psychology/therapy ; Male ; Humans ; Female ; Chronic Disease ; Adult ; Adolescent

BACKGROUND: Diabetes has a critical effect on elderly diabetic patients' quality of life. Elderly diabetic patients have many difficulties in diabetes self-management because their physical, psychological and social functions are decreased as a result of the aging process. Therefore, we evaluated the current status of self-management and barriers in elderly diabetic patients METHODS: The sample was 124 elderly diabetic patients (over 61 years) who visited a hospital and two senior welfare centers in Seoul from July to August 2006. The results of the study were analyzed by descriptive statistics, ANOVA, T-test, and hierarchical regression. RESULTS: 1) Diabetes self-management was composed of insulin injection, diet, exercise, foot management, smoking and drinking alcohol. An average score of self-management in the elderly diabetic patients was 4.5784. In demographic variables, only job status showed a significant effect on self-management. 2) Barriers such as 'forgetting taking diet and medication', 'being interrupted by others', and 'lack of family and social support' were significant factors in diabetes self-management. 3) These barriers for diabetes self-management were still significant in the case of controlling demographic and clinical variables. CONCLUSION: Diabetic educator should identify the significant factors that affect patient's self-management such as whether they have a full-time job, or the type of their job. In addition, diabetes education should focus on assertiveness training to deal with various interpersonal barriers and empowerment for enhancing patient's self-efficacy. These approaches would benefit patients who experience barriers of diabetes self-management
Aged ; Aging ; Assertiveness ; Diet ; Drinking ; Foot ; Humans ; Insulin ; Power (Psychology) ; Quality of Life ; Self Care ; Smoke ; Smoking

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to develop an Empowerment Education Program (EEP) for kidney transplant patients and to test the program's effects on uncertainty, self-care ability, and compliance. METHODS: The research was conducted using a nonequivalent control group with a pretest-posttest design. The participants were 53 outpatients (experimental group: 25, control group: 28) who were receiving hospital treatment after kidney transplants. After the pre-test, patients in the experimental group underwent a weekly EEP for six weeks. The post-test was conducted immediately after, and four weeks after the program's completion in the same manner as the pre-test. For the control group, we conducted a post-test six and ten weeks after the pre-test, without and program intervention. A repeated measure ANOVA was performed to compare the change scores on main outcomes. RESULTS: Uncertainty was significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group, both immediately after (t=-3.84, p=<.001) and 4 weeks after (t=-4.51 p=<.001) the program, whereas self-care ability (t=5.81, p=<.001), (t=5.84, p=<.001) and compliance (t=5.07, p=<.001), (t=5.45, p=<.001) were significantly higher. CONCLUSION: Kidney transplant patients who underwent an EEP showed a decrease in uncertainty and an improvement in self-care ability and compliance. Thus, our findings confirmed that an EEP can be an independent intervention method for improving and maintaining the health of kidney transplant patients.
Compliance ; Education* ; Humans ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Kidney* ; Methods ; Outpatients ; Patient Compliance ; Power (Psychology)* ; Self Care ; Uncertainty