Although the genetic basis for bone mineral density (BMD) has been studied by many groups so far, genes responsible for this complex trait has not been completely revealed. In order to localize quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for BMD variation in Asian population, the study was designed using a group of Mongolian population, a genetically closed population with a homogeneous lifestyle. BMD was measured at the left and right wrists and ankles using DEXA in 1,082 participants from 142 families. Genotyping of 13 polymorphic microsatellitemarkers on chromosome 13 (average spacing 8-9 cM) and two-point and multipoint linkage analysis wereperformed. In two-point linkage analysis, we identified two markers, D13S175 (6.03 cM) and D13S265 (68.73cM) that had LOD scores greater than 1 for left ankle (LOD=2.09, LOD=1.49, respectively). We also found a marker D13S175 (6.03 cM) with a high LOD for left wrist (LOD=1.49) and the markers D13S265 (68.73 cM) and D13S217 (17.21 cM) for the right wrist (LOD= 1.82, LOD= 1.62, respectively). Among these significant marker regions, only two regions at 17 cM (13p11) and 65 cM (13q21) for the right wrist overlapped with major QTLs reported in following multipoint linkage analysis (LOD= 1.7549, LOD=1.4462, respectively). This study provides the possible evidence of the presence of QTLs affecting right wrist BMD in Mongolian populations on 13p11 and 13q21. Modest evidence was also found for genes affecting left ankle and left wrist BMD on 13p13.
Animals ; Ankle ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Bone Density ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 13 ; Humans ; Life Style ; Lod Score ; Morphinans ; Quantitative Trait Loci ; Wrist

No abstract available.
Hemangioma*

Coronary stenting for long complex lesion is effective but associated with complication. We compared the results of stenting between with multiple conventional stenting group (group A) and with single long stenting group (group B). Fifty patients were prospectively and randomly enrolled: 25 patients for each group. Each group showed no significant differences of clinical characteristics. One patient died of heart failure in each group, not associated with the procedure itself. One patients had cerebrovascular accident in each group. Five patients had major bleeding (2, group A; 3, group B). Angiographic success rate was 100% in each group and procedural success rate was 96% and 100% in group A and B, respectively. Angiographic and clinical restenosis rate at 6 months follow-up were 60%, 36% in group A and 65%, 44% in group B, respectively (p=S). Multivariate analysis showed that several factors affected the angiographic restenosis rate as follows; a) male gender (M:F=76.9%:25.0%, P<0.001), b) AMI (AMI:stable angina pectoris=72.7%:66.7%, P<0.001), c) lesion length d) residual stenosis. In conclusion, there were no statistical differences of restenosis and complication rate between the two groups. Our data support single long stenting is acceptable and economically more favorable for long diffuse lesion, compared to multiple conventional stenting.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Coronary Stenosis* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Failure ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; Prospective Studies ; Stents* ; Stroke

OBJECTIVES: We conducted a qualitative study to explore the feasibility of mobile applications for self-monitoring of diet. METHODS: We conducted in-depth and focus group interviews with eight laymen who had used mobile dietary applications and eight experts. Interviews were audio-recorded and analyzed using an open coding method. RESULTS: The qualitative data of our study revealed two key themes: (1) perceptions, opinions and attitudes towards mobile applications of self-monitoring of diet and (2) future directions to improve mobile applications. CONCLUSIONS: Our qualitative study suggested the potential use of mobile applications as a food-tracking and dietary monitoring tool and the need for improved mobile applications for self-monitoring of diet. The results of our study may provide insights into how to technically improve mobile applications for self-monitoring of diet, how to utilize dietary data generated through mobile applications, and how to improve individual's health though mobile applications.
Clinical Coding ; Diet ; Focus Groups ; Methods ; Mobile Applications

OBJECTIVES: We conducted a qualitative study to explore the feasibility of mobile applications for self-monitoring of diet. METHODS: We conducted in-depth and focus group interviews with eight laymen who had used mobile dietary applications and eight experts. Interviews were audio-recorded and analyzed using an open coding method. RESULTS: The qualitative data of our study revealed two key themes: (1) perceptions, opinions and attitudes towards mobile applications of self-monitoring of diet and (2) future directions to improve mobile applications. CONCLUSIONS: Our qualitative study suggested the potential use of mobile applications as a food-tracking and dietary monitoring tool and the need for improved mobile applications for self-monitoring of diet. The results of our study may provide insights into how to technically improve mobile applications for self-monitoring of diet, how to utilize dietary data generated through mobile applications, and how to improve individual's health though mobile applications.
Clinical Coding ; Diet ; Focus Groups ; Methods ; Mobile Applications

OBJECTIVE: Core needle biopsy (CNB) of the thyroid is an additional diagnostic method for non-diagnostic or indeterminate cytology samples. We sought to evaluate a new modified core biopsy technique and compare the concordance of its diagnosis with the final diagnosis of the surgically resected specimen. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on 842 patients who had a thyroid CNB with or without a previous fine-needle aspiration from August 2002 to March 2015; 38% of patients ultimately underwent thyroidectomy. We divided the patients into two groups for comparison: conventional group (n = 329) and new modified technique group (n = 513) that enabled sampling of not only the lesion but also the margin and surrounding parenchyma. The diagnostic conclusiveness of CNB and concordant rate with thyroidectomy was compared between the two groups. RESULTS: The overall diagnostic conclusiveness did not exhibit a significant increase (77% in the conventional technique group and 75% in the modified technique group, p = 0.408). In terms of the diagnostic concordance rate between CNB and thyroidectomy, no overall significant increase was observed (83% in the conventional technique group and 88% in the modified technique group, p = 0.194). However, only in follicular-patterned lesions (nodular hyperplasia, follicular neoplasm, and follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma), a significant increase in the diagnostic concordance rate was observed (83% in the conventional group and 94% in the modified technique group, p = 0.033). CONCLUSION: Modified CNB technique can be beneficial for the accurate diagnosis of follicular-patterned thyroid lesions.
Biopsy* ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Biopsy, Large-Core Needle ; Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Thyroid Gland* ; Thyroid Nodule* ; Thyroidectomy

An osteosarcoma of cardiac origin is extremely rare, and a comprehensive description of MR imaging (MRI) findings of cardiac osteosarcoma and its metastasis in the femur have not been reported in the literature. We present a case of cardiac osteosarcoma in a 47-year-old woman and its metastasis to the femur, focusing on the description of MRI findings of the cardiac and metastatic bony osteosarcoma with a histopathologic correlation.
Female ; Femoral Neoplasms/pathology/*secondary ; Heart Neoplasms/*diagnosis/pathology ; Humans ; *Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Osteosarcoma/*diagnosis/pathology/*secondary

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the performance of hybrid bone single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) in predicting bone graft viability after maxillary or mandibular reconstructive surgery with vascularized bone grafts. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 46 bone planar scintigraphy and SPECT/CT images of 45 adult patients taken at 1 week (5–8 days) after maxillary or mandibular reconstructive surgery with vascularized bone grafts. By visual analysis, two nuclear medicine physicians scored the uptake degrees of each bone graft segment compared with the calvarium uptake on planar bone scintigraphy and SPECT/CT, respectively (0 = absence of uptake, 1 = less uptake, 2 = similar uptake, and 3 = more uptake). The imaging results were compared with clinical follow-up for assessing bone graft viability. Results: During follow-up, five bone graft segments were surgically removed and confirmed as nonviable—one had a score of 0, although the other four had a score of 1–3 on planar bone scintigraphy. All five bone graft segments were scored 0 on SPECT/CT and eventually confirmed as nonviable. All other graft segments with a score of > 1 on SPECT/CT were viable and uneventful.The anatomical CT information on SPECT/CT images was helpful in discriminating bone graft uptake from adjacent bone or soft tissue uptake. Conclusions The absence of tracer uptake by the vascularized bone graft on bone SPECT/CT at 1 week after maxillary or mandibular reconstructive surgery can predict graft failure. Bone SPECT/CT can be used to predict vascularized bone graft viability postoperatively.