Among the 1760 cases of carcinomas of the breast treated between 1981 and 1996, there were 31 cases of bilateral breast cancer. Of these, 7 were synchronous tumors and the remaining 24 patients had metachronous tumors : 41.7% of all patients had presented within 5 years since the first primary tumors were detected and 73.3% of all patients had presented within 10 years. The mean age of the synchronous bilateral cancers was 39.9 (26~55), and the mean age at the diagnosis of the first cancers in the metachronous cancers was 44.75 (31~70) years old. The location of the tumor was the same in 64% and 68% of the synchronous and metachronous cancers, respectively, that had an identified histology. The mean survival of metachronous group was 70.5 months and that of synchronous group was 114.7 months. However, there was no statistical significance between the mean survival times of the two groups (p>0.05). We recommend a careful check-up for the opposite breast at the time of primary cancer treatment, as well as well an organized follow-up program for all patients having undergone treatment for breast cancer. Further investigations are required to determine the incidence of and risk factors for second cancer development in the opposite breast.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Diagnosis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Incidence ; Neoplasms, Second Primary ; Risk Factors ; Survival Rate

No abstract available.
Radionuclide Imaging*

No abstract available.
Dermoid Cyst* ; Female ; Ovary* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Tubal*

No abstract available.

Abdominal cystic lymphangioma is a rare congenital malformation of lymphatics. Prognosis is excellent with exact diagnosis and complete surgical excision. The aughors analysed 10 US scans and 9 CT scans of surgically proven cystic lymphangiom for the last 5 years. US scan showed it as a septated cystic mass and 2 cases showed fluid-fluid level. CT scan showed a huge unilocular or multilocular density mass with uniformly thickened septae. A huge unilocular or multilocular cystic mass with uniformly thickened septae could suggest cystic lymphangioma would be differentiated from the other cystic masse.
Diagnosis ; Lymphangioma, Cystic* ; Prognosis ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a demyelinating disease of probable autoimmune etiology. The MR images of patients with clinically suspected ADEM were retrospectively reviewed. The clinical symptoms occurred 5 days to 1 month after viral upper respiratory infection (4) and Coxsakie viral infection(1). The symptoms had begun with fever(3), headache(3), sore throat(1), and drowsy mental state (1), which progressed with monophasic course to altered mental change(2), extremity weakness(2), seizure(1) and/or cerebellary symptom(I) MRI findings of ADEM showed patchy(4), nonhemorrhagic(5), asymmetric(5) high signal intensity lesions on T2-weighted images. The number of the lesions was mostly multiple(4). The lesions mainly involved the brain stem(3) and subcortical white matter(3). Follow-up MR images of 13 days to 20 days after high dose steroid therapy showed marked improvement in two of three, which well correlated with clinical manifestations. MR findin of multiple, patchy, nonhemorrhagic and asymmetric lesions in subcortical white matter and brain stem on T2-weighted images seem to be characteristic features of ADEM, but nonspecific. Therefore, clinical correlation is required in evaluating ADEM.
Brain ; Brain Stem ; Demyelinating Diseases ; Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated ; Extremities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Retrospective Studies ; White Matter

No abstract available.
Rupture* ; Uterus*

Local excision and axillary dissection followed by radiation therapy to the breast has been shown to achieve equivalent local control and survival as mastectomy in an prospective randomized trials. We analyzed 28 cases of early breast cancer in order to evaluate the therapeutic effects of conservative f surgery and definitive radiotherapy in the management of early breast cancer as possible alternative of simple mastectomy, retrospectively. Obtained results were as follows 1. Treatment related acute side reactions are more prominant in the case of chemoradiotherapy group than radiotherapy alone group. 2. There were no cases of primary, regional or systemic failures on the last follow up examination. 3. Cosmetic results after treatment were satisfactory in 26 cases out of 28 cases on the last follow up examination. 4. There were no demonstrable differences of tumor control and cosmetic results between the treatment groups. Although, these results suggested that definitive radiotherapy after local excision would be a possible and desirable alternative instead of total mastectomy in the management of early breast cancers, analyzed cases were too small and follow up period was too short to evaluate the therapeutic effect of primary radiotherapy after local excision, exactly.
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Mastectomy ; Mastectomy, Simple ; Prospective Studies ; Radiotherapy* ; Retrospective Studies

No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

Familial or hereditary breast cancer has genetic heterogeneity and is transmitted vertically in an autosomal dominant fashion. About 5 to 10% of breast cancers are caused by the inheritance of mutations in dominant susceptibility genes. We retrospectively reviewed 50 breast cancer patients from 44 families. These patients had treated their breast cancer at the Department of Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, from 1981 to 1996. There were no statistically significant differences between the familial breast cancers and the sporadic breast cancers in such clinicopathologic characteristics as major complaint, tumor location, tumor size, metastasis to axillary lymph nodes, stage distribution, histology distribution and hormone receptor status. For familial camcers, the mean survival was 125 months, the overal 5-year survival rate was 85%, and the overall 5-year disease-free survival rate was 70%.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Disease-Free Survival ; Genetic Heterogeneity ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Wills