No abstract available.
Radionuclide Imaging*

No abstract available.
Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic*

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the degree of streptococcal colonization in Korean pregnant women. METHODS: The study comprised of 153 singleton pregnant women who visited Severance Hospital for delivery, and their neonates. Specimens for GBS culture were collected by a sterile cotton swab from lower vagina and cervix of pregnant women, and from ear canal and throat of neonates. They were first cultured for 48 hours in Todd-Hewitt broth and then subcultured onto Tryptose blood agar plates(Difco). Group B streptococci were confirmed by the presence of beta-hemolysis and a positive reaction with Phadebact group B Streptococci reagent(Karo Biodiagnostics AB, Huddinge, Sweden). RESULTS: The prevalence of positive cultures in pregnant women and neonates were 2.61%(4/153) and 0%(0/4), respectively. In the study population there was a case of suspicious group B streptococcual sepsis in an infant whose mother was colonized. CONCLUSIONS: In our study the GBS colonization rate in Korean pregnant women was significantly lower than that of other countries. The reason for this difference may be associated with a racial differences, or social factors such as socio-economic status or a life style.
Agar ; Cervix Uteri ; Colon ; Ear Canal ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Life Style ; Mothers ; Pharynx ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women* ; Prevalence ; Sepsis ; Streptococcal Infections* ; Vagina

No abstract available.
Epinephrine*

No abstract available.
Epinephrine*

The etiology of neural tube defects, a category encompassing spina bifida, anencephaly and encephalocele, remains highly controversial and unclear, However, there is overwhelming evidence supporting a multifactorial etiology for this group of defects. Recent studies have shown that folic acid supplements taken periconceptionally can reduce a woman's risk of having a child with a neural tube defect. Qenetic screening could identify women who will require folic acid supplements periconceptionally to reduce their risk of having a child with a neural tube defects. Recently, we encountered two cases of recurrent anencephaly that had occurted in a same pregnant woman in our hospital. We report these two cases with brief review of the literatures.
Anencephaly* ; Child ; Encephalocele ; Female ; Folic Acid ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Neural Tube Defects ; Pregnant Women* ; Spinal Dysraphism

PURPOSE: Williams syndrome(WS) is an autosomal dominant disorder resulting from a submicroscopic deletion of contiguous genes on the long arm of chromosome 7. We evaluated the physical, neurodevelopmental, and behavioral characteristics of children and adults with WS confirmed by fluorescence in situ hybridization. METHODS: The clinically suspicious twelve cases with cardiac anomaly were confirmed as WS with fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH) using the bacterial artificial chromosome clone 244H3, which has the genomic DNA sequence of elastin, as a probe. The neonatal history, facial features, associated anomaly including heart disease, neurological and behavioral characteristics were reviewed. RESULTS: During the first year, infants with WS showed irritability(83%), vomiting, failure to thrive(58%), and feeding problems(50%). Inguinal and umbilical hernias were common(67%). The associated cardiac anomalies were supravalvular aortic stenosis(83%), most commonly and peripheral pulmonary stenosis(25%) and coarctatin of aorta(8%). The facial findings were periorbital swelling(100%), full and drooping cheek, thick lips, open wide mouth, full nasal tip(83%). Abnormal facial appearance became more striking during childhood and then more coarse by adolescence. Walking alone occurred at an average age of 24 months. Average I.Q. of about 62, with a range from 46 to 75(62+/-12) was recorded. The perceptual, especially visuospatial and motor funtions were more impaired than verbal performance. Distractibility, poor concentration and talk ativeness were very common. Aggressive behaviour was less common. CONCLUSION: We conclude that molecular genetic analysis of 22q11 should be considered in patients with 1) supravalvular aortic stenosis or peripheral pulmonry stenosis, and 2) facial dysmorpholgy and 3) mental retardation with a friendly, outgoing personality, and 4) miserable infantile life with feeding problems such as vomiting and colic.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aortic Stenosis, Supravalvular ; Arm ; Base Sequence ; Cheek ; Child ; Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 7 ; Clone Cells ; Colic ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Elastin ; Fluorescence ; Heart Diseases ; Hernia, Umbilical ; Humans ; In Situ Hybridization ; Infant ; Intellectual Disability ; Lip ; Molecular Biology ; Mouth ; Strikes, Employee ; Vomiting ; Walking ; Williams Syndrome*

We report a patient with a left anterior cerebral artery (ACA) infarct showing representational neglect. Representational neglect is some form of neglect to areas of imagined space. We believe that the description of our case gives further information about neglect syndrome and the functional asymmetry of the cerebral hemispheres because these observations are rare.
Anterior Cerebral Artery* ; Cerebrum ; Humans ; Infarction, Anterior Cerebral Artery*

PURPOSE: In newborns from mothers with Graves' disease, neonatal transient hyperthyroidism or hypothyroidism may develop early in life. We evaluated the incidence and prognosis of neonatal thyroid dysfunction in neonates born to mothers with hyperthyroidism during pregnancy. METHODS: We measured blood T4, T3, TSH levels and TSH-R-Ab titer in 48 hyperthyroid mothers and their babies between 1988 and 1994. RESULTS: The mean birth weight was 3.21+/-0.49kg and gestational age was 39+5 weeks and three neonates(6%) were small for gestational age and two(4%) were premature whose mother had hyperthyroidism during pregnancy. Eight of the neonates showed high levels of thyroid hormone and four showed low levels of thyroid hormone but none had symptom or sign. The neonatal thyroid function was not affected by maternal antithyroid medication and maternal TSH-R-Ab level. The positive rate of TSH-R-Ab was 44 percent in neonates. In the neonates with low T4 level, the mean TSH-R-Ab was 38.1+/-19.6%, which was higher than those in euthyroid(14.7+/-9.7%) or hyperthyroid(8.4+/-6.2%) neonates(p<0.05). The neonatal blood TSH-R-Ab levels was correlated with maternal TSH-R-Ab levels(r=0.50, p<0.05). Neonatal T4 didn't show any correlation with maternal TSH-R-Ab but showed negative correlation with neonatal TSH-R-Ab(r=-0.43, p<0.05). Neonates with high T4 showed normal thyroid function within 35 days(10-54days) in average. Neonates with low T4 showed normal thyroid function within 29 days(7-61days) in average. One of neonate with low T4 was given thyroid hormone for 1 month. No one with initial abnoraml thyroid function showed clinical problem through follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: It is likely that hyperthyroid mothers have more tendency of small babies for gestational age or premature babies. Neonates born to hyperthyroid mothers should be closely monitored because of possible abnormal thyroid function, as shown by this study. It is likely that TSH-R-Ab from hyperthyroid mother usually consists of blocking antibody, rather than stimulating antibody, which might cause hypothyroidism in the neonates.
Birth Weight ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gestational Age ; Graves Disease ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism* ; Hypothyroidism ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn* ; Mothers* ; Pregnancy ; Prognosis ; Thyroid Gland*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Infant, Newborn* ; Mass Screening*