No abstract available.
Female ; Fetal Blood* ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced* ; Infant, Newborn* ; Mothers* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy*

PURPOSE: Gonadotropin releasing hormone analogue (GnRHa) or growth hormone (GH) improve final height in girls with central precocious puberty. We studied the effect of these agents on adult height in children with advanced puberty. METHODS: We analysed height, bone age, growth velocity, predicted adult height (PAH), and final adult height (FAH) in 61 girls and 19 boys with advanced puberty, who were treated with GnRHa combined GH or GH. RESULTS: In Girls 1) FAH (SDS) of combination group (GnRHa+GH, n=7) was similar to their pretreatment PAH (SDS) [153.9+/-6.0 cm (-1.3+/-1.2) vs 152.8+/-4.7 cm (-1.5+/-0.9)]. In GH group (n=18), FAH was significantly increased [155.7+/-4.9 cm (-0.9+/-1.0) vs 149.9+/-4.6 cm (-2.1+/-0.9)] (P<0.001). 2) PAH (SDS) of combination group increased from 151.5+/-5.9 cm (-1.8+/-1.2) to 157.8+/-7.1 cm (-0.5+/-1.4) and that of GH group increased from 149.5+/-5.9 cm (-2.2+/-1.2) to 155.8+/-5.8 cm (-0.9+/-1.2) (P<0.001). During first year of treatment, growth velocity of GH group was significantly higher than that of combination group (6.6+/-2.1 cm/year vs 9.4+/-2.5 cm/year, P=0.001) In boys 1) In both group (7 boys of combination group and 8 boys of GH group), FAH was similar to their pretreatment PAH and their growth velocity during first year of treatment had no significant difference (7.6+/-2.3 cm/year vs 9.2+/-2.9 cm/year). CONCLUSION: In girls with advanced puberty, GnRHa delayed bone maturation but had no significant effect on FAH. In contrast, GH increased FAH through increment of growth velociy. In boys with advanced puberty, no significant effect of GnRHa or GH.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Child* ; Female ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone* ; Gonadotropins* ; Growth Hormone* ; Humans ; Puberty* ; Puberty, Precocious

Recently, cases with typical clinical manifestations of infectious mononucleosis are increasing in Korea. So, to evaluate the recent epidemiology of EBV infection in Korea, we performed EBV serologic antibody tests for IgG antibody to EBV-viral capsid antigen (VCA) and antibody to EBV-associated nuclear antigen (EBNA) among the 108 healthy Korean infants and children whose ages were from newborn to 15 years old. And the results were as follows; 1) The positive rates of anti-VCA IgG 100% in newborn, 90% in 2 to 6 months, 20% in 7 to 12 months, 60% in 1 to 2 years, 77.3% in 3 to 4 years, 88.5% in 5 to 6 years, 90% in 7 to 9 years, and 100% in 10 to 15 years of age, respectively. 2) The anti-VCA IgG titers ranged from 1:20 to 1:1280. 3) The positive rates of anti-EBNA were 100% in newborn, 60% in 2 6 months, 10% in 7 to 12 months, 60% in 1 to 2 years, 68.2% in 3 to 4 years, 84.5% in 5 to 6 years, 70% in 7 to 9 years, and 100% in 10 to 15 years of age, respectively. 4) The anti-EBNA titers ranged from 1:2 to 1:128. According to these data, the age of primary infection of EBV has increased compared to the previous data in Korean children.
Adolescent ; Capsid ; Child* ; Epidemiology ; Epstein-Barr Virus Infections ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infectious Mononucleosis ; Korea ; Prevalence*

We reviewed the clinical findings of infectious mononucleosis and performed Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) serologic antibody tests in infectious mononucleosis and healthy group. One groupwas 18 cases of children, diagnosed as infectious mononucleosis who had been admitted to the department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center for two years and eight months, from November, 1989 to June, 1992. Another group was 20 cases of healthy 5-year old children. @ES The results wereas follows: 1) The age distributions of 18 patients with infectious mononucleosis were as follows: nine patients were less than 5 year old and nine patients (50%)were older than 5 year old. 2) The hematologic findings revealed increased atypicallymphocytes in sixteen patients (88%), leukopenia in one patient (6%), thrombocytopenia in one patient (6%). In addition, we observed transient hepatitis in eight patients (44%) and jaundice in one patient (6%). 3) Hemophagocytic sydrome wasdeveloped in one patient who expired due to meningitis. 4) The heterophil antibody tests werepositive in two cases (11%) out of eighteen infectious mononucleosis patients. 5) EBV serologic antibody tests for IgM antibody to EBV-viral capsid antigen (VCA) in 18 patients were all positive, which implies primary infection. 6) EBV serologic antibody tests for IgG antibody to EBV-VCA and antibody to Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen (EBNA) in helathy 5-year old children were negative in 3 cases (15%) out of 20 cases each other, which suggests primary infection might occur afer five years of age. 7) Recently, more cases of clinically typical infectious mononucleosis are detected and the onset of EBV primary infection is becoming late in Korea, which is thought to be due to economic developments and improvements of environmental hygine. And we recommend EBV serologic antibody test for the confirmative diagnostic test of infectious mononucleosis.
Age Distribution ; Capsid ; Child* ; Child, Preschool ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Diagnostic Tests, Routine ; Hepatitis ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Infectious Mononucleosis* ; Jaundice ; Korea ; Leukopenia ; Meningitis ; Pediatrics ; Thrombocytopenia

OBJECTIVE: Study was designed preliminarily to observe the accordance of caregivers strain and depression with other factors such as sex of the patient, caregiver, lesion side, Mini Mental Status Examination (MMSE) score and Beck's Depression Index (BDI). METHOD: We composed a questionnaire with BDI, and the Sense of Competence Questionnaire (SCQ) in order to evaluate the amount of stress and depression of caregivers. Evaluation of the patient was done by interviewing them along with reviewing their medical records and obtaining scores such as the MMSE, Functional Inependence Index (FIM) and the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS). RESULTS: BDI of the caregivers showed a negative correlation with the patients' age. Lesion side nor age, nor the prevalence of hemiplegia of patients did not show statistical relevance with the strain that the caregiver felt. The first subscale of SCQ showed a positive correlation with the caregiving time that the caregiver gave. In accordance to the sex of the caregiver, females showed to spend more time with the patient, showed to be more unsatisfied with the patient but showed a tendency of lesser SCQ score. CONCLUSION: Depression, strain and burden that the caregivers went through showed to have slight correlation with the patient and caregiver factors.
Caregivers* ; Depression* ; Female ; Hemiplegia ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Mental Competency ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Colon, Descending* ; Neoplasm Metastasis*

Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma(EH) is a rare vascular tumor of low-grade malignancy. It was previously described as intravascular bronchioloalveolar tumor (IVBAT). But electron microscopic study and immunohistochemical staining results have proved endothelial origin. Patients are usually asymptomatic and the tumors are found incidentally on routine chest X-rays. Most patients show a slowly progressive clinical course, even though some patients occasionally die as results of respiratory failure or extrathoracic complications. Confirmative diagnosis is made through thoracoscopic or open-lung biopsy. There is still no effective therapeutic modality for pulmonary EH. We have experienced a 55-year-old woman whose simple chest x-ray film revealed bilateral multiple small nodules. The nodules were histopathologically and immunohistochemically diagnosed as primary epithelioid hemangioendothelioma of the lung. The possibility of metastatic disease was excluded thorough clinical, laboratory and radiological studies. Comparison of radiographic chest film taken 3 years ago showed no significant progression of the pulmonary nodular lesions. Conservative management was instituted and careful 4 months follow-up showed no significant changes.
Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemangioendothelioma, Epithelioid* ; Humans ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Thorax ; X-Ray Film

PURPOSE: GnRH analogues(GnRHa) are used to treat central precocious puberty(CPP). However, in some patients, the GV decrease is so remarkable that it impairs predicted adult height(PAH); and there fore, the addition of growth hormone(GH) is suggested. We analysed the growth changes during two years and final adult height(FAH) in girls with idiopathic CPP treated with combined therapy, compared with those of girls treated with GnRHa alone. METHODS: For the analysis, we classified the patients, who was treated for longer than two years, into three groups depending on the initial PAH and combination of GH; PAH_L, treated with GnRHa and PAH less than midparental height(MPH) -5 cm. PAH_H, treated with GnRHa and PAH greater than MPH -5 cm. GnRHa+GH, combined GH treatment, regardless of PAH before treatment. We analysed the GV and PAH change during the first two years and FAH. RESULTS: In PAH_L, the PAH(SDS) at first year of therapy was significantly increased to 153.5+/-6.5 cm(-1.4+/-1.3) from 149.7+/-6.4 cm(-2.1+/-1.3) before treatment(P=0.004). In PAH_H, there was no significant increase in PAH during the two years of treatment. During the first year of combination of GH and GnRHa, GV and PAH increased significantly. We observed significant increases in FAH, comparing to the initial PAH in the PAH_L and GnRHa+GH groups. The height gains(FAH-initial PAH) were significantly higher in the PAH_L and GnRHa+GH groups than that in the PAH_H group. CONCLUSION: This study suggests the FAH and height gains are improved in patients, whose predicted adult height before treatment was shorter than those with higher predicted adult height, with the treatment of GnRHa alone or in combination with GH. GH could not improve the final adult height, but compensated the growth in patients whose growth velocity was decelerated by GnRHa alone.
Adult* ; Female* ; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone* ; Growth Hormone* ; Humans ; Puberty, Precocious*

Acute suppurative thyroiditis is a rare disease because the thyroid gland is remarkably resistant to infection. We present a 2-year-old girl with refractory acute suppurative thyroiditis due to a pyriform sinus fistula (PSF). She complained of fever and painful anterior neck swelling. Her condition did not completely improved by multiple parenteral antibiotics along with incision and drainage. Barium esophagogram to detect PSF demonstrated no specific finding. Computed tomography scan showed air bubble superior to the left thyroid gland which indicated a possible fistula connected to the pyriform sinus. An intraoperative laryngoscopy revealed a 2-mm-sized fistula opening. The fistula was successfully treated by chemocauterization with trichloroacetic acid.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Barium ; Cautery ; Child, Preschool ; Drainage ; Female ; Fever ; Fistula* ; Humans ; Laryngoscopy ; Neck ; Pyriform Sinus* ; Rare Diseases ; Thyroid Gland ; Thyroiditis ; Thyroiditis, Suppurative* ; Trichloroacetic Acid

PURPOSE: Tumor-associated lymphocyte numbers in breast cancer have been suggested as a new independent predictor of response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients. We therefore evaluated the relationship between pathologic complete response (pCR) and tumor-associated lymphocytes in tumors of such patients. METHODS: Between 2000 and 2009, we retrospectively evaluated 175 patients with primary breast cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy, followed by definitive surgical resection. Peritumoral lymphocytic infiltration (LI) and CD3+, CD8+, and forkhead box P3 (FOXP3)+ lymphocytes were assessed in pretreatment biopsy specimens. RESULTS: Nineteen (11%) patients achieved pCR. An elevated LI, CD3+, CD8+, or FOXP3+ lymphocytic infiltration; lower clinical T stage; human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 overexpression; and herceptin-based treatment were all significantly associated with pCR. Through a multivariate analysis, LI (odds ratio [OR], 1.26; p=0.024), clinical T stage (OR, 3.06; p=0.041), and the use of a herceptin-based regimen (OR, 4.95; p=0.004) were all significant independent predictors of pCR. Significantly higher numbers of tumor-associated lymphocytes and CD3+, CD8+, and FOXP3+ T-cells were observed in the following: high-grade tumors, tumors of positive nodal status, and tumors negative for hormone receptors. CONCLUSION: Tumor-associated lymphocytes are significantly associated with pCR, suggesting that tumor-associated lymphocytes may be an important pathological factor predicting a response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients.
Biopsy ; Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Humans ; Lymphocyte Count ; Lymphocytes ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoadjuvant Therapy ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptor, erbB-2 ; Retrospective Studies ; T-Lymphocytes