Tbe presence of certain HPV types in the female genital tract was associated with a number of diseases, including condyloma, cervical, vaginal and vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia and carcinoma. It is generally accepted that these viruses are predominantly sexually transmitted. HPV cannot be cultured in vitro, and immunological tests are inadequate. Indirect evidence of anogenital HPV infection can be obtained through the physical examination and by the presence of characteristic cellular changes associated with viral replication in Pap smear or biopsy specimens. Alternately cervical scrapes can be analyzed by nucleic acid hybridization to directly detect the presence of HPV DNA, Historically, HPV 16 and HPV 18 have been regarded as high risk cancer associated HPVs and HPV types 6, 11, 42, 43 and 44 as low risk HPVs. Subsequently HPV types 31, 33, 34, 35, 45, 51, 52, 56 and 58 have been demonstrated to have and intemediate association with cancer, This study was performed for high and intermediate types HPV DNA detection on cervical carcinoma with Virapap Probe B. HPV DNA were detected 82.3% on cervical carcinoma and 7,1% on control samples. HPV DNA test will be apply as a triage for cervical cancer detecting test.
Biopsy ; DNA ; Female ; Human papillomavirus 16 ; Human papillomavirus 18 ; Human Papillomavirus DNA Tests ; Humans* ; Immunologic Tests ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Papilloma* ; Physical Examination ; Triage ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Fetus* ; Mice* ; Paraquat*

No abstract available.
Female ; Metrorrhagia*

No abstract available.
Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Neuroendocrine Cells*

Glutathione has a key role in several detoxification reactions and in the protection against injury caused by reactive oxygens. Pregnancy-induced hypertension(PIH) is associated with endothelial cell dysfunction. Such dysfunction could be caused by oxidative stress. There is evidence of increased activity of free radicals in PIH, but little is known about the part played by changes in specific antioxidants. In this study, the changes of glutathione levels were investigated in blood of patients with PIH, and cord blood of these patients was also investigated. The glutathione levels in cord blood of neonates from hypertensive pregnant women were significantly higher than in cord blood from normotensive pregnant women. The changes of gamma-glutamuylcysteine synthetase and of glutathione s-transferase in placenta were not significant, but gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase activity increased significantly in placenta of hypertensive pregnant women. These results suggest that the increased glutathione in cord blood of patients with PIH may be due to increased glutathione interorgan transport resulting from incerased activity of the placenta gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase.
Antioxidants ; Endothelial Cells ; Female ; Fetal Blood ; Free Radicals ; gamma-Glutamyltransferase ; Glutathione Transferase ; Glutathione* ; Humans ; Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced* ; Infant, Newborn ; Ligases ; Oxidative Stress ; Oxygen ; Placenta* ; Pregnancy ; Pregnant Women

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of glutathione on cisplatin-induced cytotoxicity of human cervical carcinoma cell lines (SiHa: squamous cell carcinoma cell, CaSki: epidermoid metastatic carcinoma cell). METHODS: Human cervical carcinoma cells (SiHa, CaSki) were incubated with culture media (RPMI1640) in the presence of cisplatin and/or buthionine sulfoximine (BSO), as a inhibitor of gamma-glutamyl- cysteine synthetase, and/or glutathione (GSH) and/or 2-oxo 4-thiazolidine carboxylic acid (OTC). The viable cells were examined by using 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and was determined by spectrophotometer at 570 nm. RESULTS: The incubation of cervical cells with cisplatin resulted in an decreasing cells viability by dose response. The MTT reduction rate were not different by BSO (5 mM) treatment in cervical cell lines. The viable cells were increased significantly by glutathione (5 mM) or OTC (5 mM) in cisplatin-treated cell lines. CONCLUSION: gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase inhibitor had no effect on cisplatin toxicity. GSH and OTC had effect on cisplatin cytotoxicity. So, These result suggested that cervical cancer line cells were more susceptive to protective effects of glutathione and OTC than BSO on cisplatin induced-toxicity.
Buthionine Sulfoximine ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cell Line* ; Cisplatin ; Culture Media ; Cysteine ; Glutathione* ; Humans* ; Ligases ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

OBJECTIVE: Since the accuracy of Pap smear for cervical neoplasm has been questioned, a number of adjunctive tests have been developed. The purpose of this study was to evaluate which protocol is the most effective screening test among cervical cytology (ThinPrep(R)), HPV DNA test (Hybrid capture(R) II) and cervicography. METHODS: We chose 252 patients who were underwent the biopsy among 829 patients who visited our hospital for cervical cancer screening test. These 252 patients were engaged in this study simultaneously. They underwent triple combined test [cervical cytology (ThinPrep(R)), HPV DNA test (Hybrid capture(R) II), cervicography] and colposcopic-directed biopsy or biopsy on operation for diagnostic evaluation. RESULTS: The triple combined test showed a sensitivity of 96.0%, while double combined test [cervical cytology (ThinPrep(R))+cervicography] showed a sensitivity of 89.0%, the other double combined test [cervical cytology (ThinPrep(R))+HPV DNA test (Hybrid capture(R) II)] showed a sensitivity of 86.7%. Cervicography showed a specificity of 75.4% (highest among the single test), positive predictability of 89.8% (also highest). CONCLUSION: The sensitivity of cervical cytology was markedly improved by combination with HPV DNA test and cervicography. So the triple combined tests which improved the high false negative rate of cervical cytology may be a new effective method as a cervical cancer screening test, if the effectiveness could be confirmed by mass screening study.
Biopsy ; DNA ; Human Papillomavirus DNA Tests* ; Humans ; Mass Screening* ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

OBJECTIVE: To analyse the clinical aspects of vaginal approach for gynecologic pelvic surgery, we evaluated age distribution, parity, indications for hysterectomy, postoperative pathology, operating time, bleeding amount, weight of uterus, postoperative complications. resected uterus weight, operating time and bleeding amount based on operative procedure type. METHODS: We reviewed the medical records of the 136 patients who underwent vaginal approach for gynecologic pelvic surgery for the indications other than uterine prolapse from Jan. 1998 to April. 1998, and from July. 1999 to Sep. 2001 at Chosun University Hospital. RESULTS: We performed 136 cases of vaginal approach for gynecologic pelvic surgery. We performed 132 cases of total vaginal hysterectomy, 4 cases of transvaginal ovarian cystectomy, a high increased rate of vaginal approach for gynecologic pelvic surgery significantly. The most common indication for vaginal approach for gynecologic pelvic surgery was uterine leiomyoma (63.2%), followed by HSIL, adenomyosis, MIC of the cervix, and ovarian cyst. The operating time was within 90 min in almost cases (47.1%). The most common postoperaive pathologic finding was uterine leiomyoma (47.1%), followed by adenomyosis, uterine leiomyoma with adenomyosis, MIC of the cervix, HSIL, LSIL, ovarian serouscys- tadenoma, and endometrioma. There were 4 cases (2.9%) of cuff cellulitis, 2 cases of pelvic cellulitis (1.5%), 3 cases of hematoma formation (2.2%), 1 case of laparatomy (0.7%) as postoperative complications. etc. CONCLUSION: Vaginal approach for hysterectomy and ovarian cystectomy is a safe method for removing uterus even in the absence of prolapse. Recently it's indication is widened to the patient who has larger uterus and history of previous pelvic surgery. Because of it's advantage, Vaginal approach for hysterectomy and ovarian cystectomy would be the preferred method of gynecologic pelvic surgery in the future.
Adenomyosis ; Age Distribution ; Animals ; Bleeding Time ; Cellulitis ; Cervix Uteri ; Cystectomy ; Endometriosis ; Female ; Hematoma ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Hysterectomy, Vaginal ; Leiomyoma ; Medical Records ; Ovarian Cysts ; Parametritis ; Parity ; Pathology ; Postoperative Complications ; Prolapse ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Uterine Prolapse ; Uterus

OBJECTIVE: For many years, the Papanicolaou smear has been used to detect pre-malignant and malignant disease of the cervix. Although the use of cytology in screening has reduced morbidity and mortality from invasive cervical cancer, there has been concerned about the low sensitivity of cervical cytology in detection of preclinical disease of the cervix. So cervicography is introduced. In order to find out the efficacy of cytology and cervicography in early diagnosis of cervical cancer, this study included 1028 patients who visited the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cho-sun University Hospital From December 1, 1995 to March 31, 1998. And we choosed 321 samples who underwent biopsies. METHODS: Women simultaneously underwent an exo and endo-cervical smear, and then two cervicography was obtained with applying 5% acetic acid. Because all of the subjects choosed in statistical analysis were examined by colposcopy or postoperative biopsies, the presence or abscence of disease was determined by the histologic findings. RESULTS: 1. The sensitivity and specificity of cytology was 55.4% and 86.6%. 2. The sensitivity and specificity of cervicography was 71.3% and 59.7%. 3. When cervicography and Papanicolaou smear were used conjointly, the sensitivity and specificity was 90.1% and 58.8%. 4. However the specificity of the combined test was lower than cytology alone, the sensitivity of the combined test was significantly higher. CONCLUSION: The double combined tests of Papanicolaou smear and Cervicography were very useful in the early diagnosis of cervical neoplasia.
Acetic Acid ; Biopsy ; Cervix Uteri ; Colposcopy ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Mass Screening* ; Mortality ; Obstetrics ; Papanicolaou Test ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*