The suture techniques to anastomose successfully small vassels of 1mm in diameter were continuous suture and interrupted suture, and patency rate of them has been estabilished by orthopaedic surgeon. In 1962, Chase and Schwarz reported better results with interrupted suture than with a continuous suture, Firsching reported less time using with continuous suture than with interrupted suture, but no difference in flow rate, in 1984 Lilly reported that interrupted suture does no result in stenosis of venous end to end anastomoses by continuous suturing technique, Mao reported that there was no statically significant difference between two suture methods in patency rate. The authors have experimentally studied the patency rate and histopathological findings of two suture techniques in the 20 Newzealand white rabbit at the department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hanyang University Hospital and can be obtained the following results. l. In arterial patency, the interrupted suture and continuous suture were 100% in rate and patency rate in veins were 95% in interrupted suture and 75% in continuous suture. 2. Subintimal hyperplasia occured earlier in arteries than in veins and it may be due to the medial component of vessel. 3. In anastomoses of small vessel the accurate apposition of cut vessels edges decreased the thrombi formation of vessel.
Arteries ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Hyperplasia ; Monoamine Oxidase ; Suture Techniques ; Sutures ; Veins

No abstract available.
Breast* ; Female ; Mammaplasty* ; Mastectomy*

The bipolar endoprosthesis was first reported by Giliberty, as well as Bateman in 1974. There were several reports indicating less acetabular erosion in bipolar endoprosthesis than in unipolar, Even if there was a problem of dislocation and valgus position of cup of initial design, the prosthesis of nowadays is useful in failed total hips with erosion of the acetabulum as well as hip with normal acetabular cartilage. The authors reviewed and analysed 44 cases of cementless bipolar endoprosthesis (Self Centering Universal Hip replacement utilizing the Tri-Lock total hip femoral stem), operated at the department of orthopaedic surgery, Hanyang University Hospital from June 1984 to May 1987. The following results were obtained. 1. There were 18 males and 25 females. 2. 22 cases were idiopathic avascular necrosis with relatively good acetabulum, 21 cases of fracture of femoral neck and 1 case of metastatic adenocarcinoma. 3. Average operation time eas 1 hour and 10 minutes and average amount of transfusion; 650cc. 4. We used 42 Watson-Jones approach and 2 Charnley's. 5. The common size of metal cup was 45–53mm in men and 43–47mm in women. 6. The size of prosthetic femoral head was equal to normal head in 16 cases, larger than normal in 14 cases, smaller than normal in 14 cases. 7. There were 2 case of intraoperative undisplaced fracture of femur and one case of heterotopic ossification. 8. There were motion of outer and inner bearing when the extremity was abducted and adducted on serial roentgenogram during a period between 2 years and 5 years. 9. Average Harris hip rating score was 38.5, preoperatively and 95.2, postoperatively.
Acetabulum ; Adenocarcinoma ; Arthroplasty ; Cartilage ; Dislocations ; Extremities ; Female ; Femur ; Femur Neck ; Head ; Hip ; Humans ; Male ; Necrosis ; Ossification, Heterotopic ; Prostheses and Implants

No abstract available.
Electrocoagulation* ; Laparoscopy*

Five brains from established cases of Senile Dementia of Alzheimer Type (SDAT) and six branis from cases of no clinical or neuropathological evidences of SDAT were studied immunocytochemically using anti-somatostatin (SST) antibody. Fifty micrometer sections of immersion fixed brains (autopsy delay: 10-16 hours) were cut and then stored in 0.1 M tris-HCI buffer (pH7.4) until the immunocytochemical study. Lmmunostatinings were performed according to Sternberger's peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) technique. The primary antiserum was rabbit antiserum to synthetic somatostatin (Cambridge Research Biochemicals). Diluted to 1: 1.000. The secondary antiserum was goat anti-rabbit IgG (Sternbeger-Meyer) in dilutions of 1: 400 to 500. Controls followed complete staining protocol. But without incubation in the specific antibody. SST-immunoreactive (IR) neurons in aged normal brains were distributed in all layers of cortices. These cells were multipolar, bitufted, or wramidal in shape. The changes of SST-IR neurons were profound in frontal, parietal, and temporal cortices of SDAT brains, but were absent in the Cal of hippocampus. Neuritic plaque-like structure formation was the most common changes seen in the cortices, especially in the temporal cortex. The morphology of altered SST-IR neuronal elements were similar to that of the neuritic plaques demonstrated by the Bielshowsky's silver impregnation method. Apparently intact SST-IR neurons were also found in SDAT brains, thus giving rise to the speculation that these neurons may have unusual survival and reorganization potential. Unexpectedly, there were no degenerative changes of SST-IR neurons in CA! region of SDAT hippocampus. These results strongly suggest that among SST-IR neurons only neocortical short association neurons are affected in the neuronal degenerative changes of SDAT.
Alzheimer Disease* ; Brain ; Goats ; Hippocampus ; Immersion ; Immunoglobulin G ; Neurons* ; Plaque, Amyloid ; Rabeprazole ; Silver ; Somatostatin

PURPOSE: To determine whether triple negative (TN) early stage breast cancers have poorer survival rates compared with other molecular types. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between August 2000 and July 2006, patients diagnosed with stage I, II early stage breast cancers, in whom all three markers (estrogen receptor, progesterone receptor, and human epidermal growth factor receptor [HER]-2) were available and treated with modified radical mastectomy or breast conserving surgery followed by radiotherapy, were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: Of 446 patients, 94 (21.1%) were classified as TN, 57 (12.8%) as HER-2 type, and 295 (66.1%) as luminal. TN was more frequently associated with young patients younger than 35 years old (p = 0.002), higher histologic grade (p < 0.0001), and nuclear (p < 0.0001). The median follow-up period was 78 months (range, 4 to 130 months). There were 9 local relapses (2.0%), 15 nodal (3.4%), 40 distant metastases (9.0%), and 33 deaths (7.4%) for all patients. The rates of 5-year OS, DFS, LFS, and DMFS for all patients were 95.5%, 89.9%, 95.4%, and 91.7%, respectively. There were no significant differences in OS, DFS, LFS, and DMFS between triple negative and other subtypes (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION: We found that patients with TN early stage breast cancers had no difference in survival rates compared with other molecular subtypes. Prospective study in homogeneous treatment group will need for a prognosis of TN early stage breast cancer.
Breast ; Breast Neoplasms ; Disease-Free Survival ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mastectomy, Modified Radical ; Mastectomy, Segmental ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Phenobarbital ; Prognosis ; Receptor, Epidermal Growth Factor ; Receptors, Progesterone ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Treatment Outcome

Cerebral venous thrombosis is come from thromboplebitis of infectious origin and bland occlusion of cerebral vein by various causes. Although the main cause of cerebral venous thrombosis is thrombophlebitis, the bland occlusion causes it infrequently as a form of an infarct state. We report a case of cerebral venous infarction caused by splenectomy induced thrombocytosis.
Cerebral Veins ; Infarction ; Splenectomy ; Thrombocytosis* ; Thrombophlebitis ; Venous Thrombosis

A series of 38 pediatric stone patients was studied retrospectively according to the clinical patterns of urolithiasis, etiology of stone disease, and management. The idiopathic cause was the most common of stone formation in the children. The most common type of stone in analysis was calcium oxalate. Thus, the etiology of stone disease and composition of stone was not definitely different in comparison with adult stone disease. We treated almost of stone patients with ESWL and peration was done in case of EWSL failure. And ESWL is the most effective and safe treatment of pediatric urolithiasis at present time. But anesthesia is needed to perform ESWL, especially younger children.
Adult ; Anesthesia ; Calcium Oxalate ; Child ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Urolithiasis*

No abstract available.
Female ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy, Ectopic*

No abstract available.
C-Peptide* ; Child* ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Histocompatibility Testing* ; Humans ; Insulin* ; Islets of Langerhans*