Chronic nonbacterial osteomyelitis (CNO) is histologically characterized by nonspecific osteitis. This inflammatory disorder, which lacks an infectious origin, typically presents with chronic pain and swelling at the affected site that can persist for months or even years. However, it is rare for CNO to affect the mandible. A 10-year-old girl presented with a primary complaint of pain in her left mandible. She had no significant medical or dental history. On examination, swelling was visible on the left buccal side, and imaging revealed radiolucent bone deterioration within the left mandible. This case report presents the radiological changes observed over a 12-year follow-up period. Variations in radiopacity, radiolucency, and periosteal reactions were noted periodically. This case highlights the radiological characteristics and findings that are crucial for the diagnosis of CNO, a condition for which no clear diagnostic criteria are currently available.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Assessment of Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) outcomes in treatment of chronic disease is increasingly important. The objective of this study was to validate a Korean translation of the Liver Disease Quality of Life instrument (LDQOL version 1.0) for use in patients with chronic liver disease. METHODS: Two native Korean speakers with fluent English translated LDQOL including instructions, items, and response choices. This Korean translation of the LDQOL was administered to 121 patients with chronic liver disease. Cronbach's alpha coefficients were applied to test an internal consistency reliability of disease-specific scales of the LDQOL. MELD and modified CTP scores were calculated for all patients. Associations of MELD and modified CTP scores with severity of liver disease were analyzed with LDQOL. RESULTS: Internal consistency reliability was good (Cronbach's Alpha=0.69-0.94) in liver disease specific scales, except for the quality of social interaction scale (Cronbach's Alpha= 0.56). Mean modified CTP score and MELD score were 6.2+/-1.9 and 9.3+/-5.3, respectively. Both MELD score and modified CTP score showed correlations with most of the scores of liver disease specific scales of LDQOL 1.0, except for the quality of social interaction and sleep scale. CONCLUSIONS: The Korean version of the liver disease specific scales of the LDQOL 1.0 is validated and useful for measuring HRQOL in Korean patients with chronic liver disease.
Adult ; Aged ; Chronic Disease ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Language ; Liver Diseases/*diagnosis/psychology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; *Quality of Life ; *Questionnaires ; Reproducibility of Results ; Severity of Illness Index ; Sickness Impact Profile

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to understand the actual status of fundamentals of nursing practice (FNP) education at nursing colleges, and the difficulties of FNP operation in the early stages of the COVID-19. Methods: This study used a descriptive design. Data collection was conducted from December 9, 2020 to January 31, 2021 using the self-report questionnaire method for a total of 95 nursing colleges. The questionnaire consisted of characteristics related to FNP, changes in FNP education, difficulties in operating FNP, and countermeasures in the COVID-19 situation. Results: Changes in FNP due to COVID-19 were distribution of practice places, reduction of the number of students, short-term intensive classes, and reduction of face-to-face practice. Most colleges conducted FNP face-to-face, but some schools showed that FNP was conducted non-face-to-face. The difficulties of operating FNP that instructors experienced induced concerns about a decrease in student competency due to lack of face-to-face practice and an unofficial increase in the number of teaching hours and physical demands on instructors due to the expansion of the division. Conclusion In order to develop the capabilities of nursing students in other pandemic situations in the future, it is necessary to find systematic coping strategy to reduce the burden of FNP instructors, and to develop non-face-to-face online practice contents and consumables for online practice.

Objective: Despite the growing need for psychological programs for North Korean refugees, most psychological interventions for these people lack a verification study that tests their effectiveness. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) in North Korean refugees. Methods: Participants included 38 North Korean refugees, of whom 23 participated in simple relaxation and 15 participated in CBT. The Korean version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-State (STAI-S), and Impact of Event Scale-Revised were used to evaluate symptoms pre- and post-intervention. Results: Participants had a significant decrease in CES-D scores after treatment (p=0.037). The decrease in CES-D was larger in those who participated in the CBT compared to those in simple relaxation (p=0.023). The superior effects that CBT had on depressive symptoms over simple relaxation were particularly more prominent in those with severe depression (p=0.035). Participants with high levels of anxiety also showed significant decreases in STAI-S scores after treatment, regardless of which type of program they participated in (p=0.023). Conclusion This preliminary findings suggests that CBT is an effective psychiatric approach in treating depressive symptoms in North Korean refugees, especially for those with a higher degree of depressive symptom.

BACKGROUND: The serum B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is released from the ventricles as a response to volume or pressure overload of the ventricles. A few studies have reported that the BNP measurements are useful in differentiating between heart failure and pulmonary causes in patients who visited the emergency department with dyspnea as the chief complaint. It is difficult to differentiate a right heart failure from a left heart failure in the emergency room. However, there is no report on the application of a BNP assay to differentiate in right heart failure from left heart failure. In this study, the BNP levels were measured from dyspneic patients in the emergency department to determine whether or not the BNP level would be useful in differentiating the cause of the dyspnea from right ventricular failure and left ventricular failure. METHOD: 89 patients who visited emergency department of the Bundang Cha Hospital with dyspnea from June 2002 to March 2003 were selected. The 29 patients from the outpatient clinics and inpatients were randomly selected as the control. RESULTS: The BNP levels of patients in the left heart failure group were significantly different from that of the patients in the right heart failure group (682+/-314 pg/mL vs. 149+/-94 pg/mL, p=0.000). When the BNP cut-off level was designated as 219 pg/mL using the receiver operating characteristic curve, the sensitivity was 94.3%, and specificity was 92.9%. In addition, the positive predictive value was 97% and the negative predictive value was 86.7% in differentiating right heart failure from left heart failure. CONCLUSION: Measurements of the serum BNP levels is an accurate and rapid method that can aid in distinguishing between right heart failure and left heart failure.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Dyspnea ; Emergency Service, Hospital ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain* ; Pulmonary Heart Disease* ; ROC Curve ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left*

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have suggested that a B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP) test can provide important information on diagnosis, as well as predicting the severity and prognosis of heart failure. Myocardial dysfunction is often observed in critically ill noncardiac patients admitted to the Intensive Care Unit, and the prognosis of the myocardial dysfunction needs to be determined. This study evaluated the predictability of BNP on the prognosis of critically ill noncardiac patients. METHODS: 32 ICU patients, who were hospitalized from June to October 2002 and in whom the BNP test was evaluated, were enrolled in this study. The exclusion criteria included the conditions that could increase the BNP levels irrespective of the severity, such as congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, ischemic heart disease, and renal insufficiencies. A triage B-Type Natriuretic Peptide test with a RIA-kit was used for the fluorescence immunoassay of BNP test. In addition, the acute physiology and the chronic health evaluation (APACHE)IIscore and mortality were recorded. RESULTS: There were 16 males and 16 females enrolled in this study. The mean age was 59 years old. The mean BNP levels between the ICU patients and control were significantly different (186.7+/-274.1pg/mL vs. 19.9+/-21.3 pg/mL, p=0.033). Among the ICU patients, there were 14(44%) patients with BNPlevels above 100 pg/mL. The APACHEIIscore was 16.5+/-7.6. In addition, there were 11 mortalities reported. The correlation between the BNP and APACHEIIscore, between the BNP and mortality were significant (r=0.443, p=0.011 & r=0.530, p=0.002). The mean BNP levels between the dead and alive groups were significantly different (384.1+/-401.7 pg/mL vs. 83.2+/-55.8 pg/mL p=0.033). However, the PaO2/FiO2 did not significantly correlate with the BNP level. CONCLUSION: This study evaluated the BNP level was elevated in critically ill, noncardiac patients. The BNP level could be a useful, noninvasive tool for predicting the prognosis of the critically ill, noncardiac patients.
Atrial Fibrillation ; Critical Illness* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Fluorescence ; Heart Failure ; Humans ; Immunoassay ; Intensive Care Units ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mortality ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain* ; Physiology ; Prognosis ; Renal Insufficiency ; Triage

Multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominantly inherited syndrome. MEN1 is characterized by the presence of functioning and nonfunctioning tumors or hyperplasia of the pituitary gland, parathyroid glands, and pancreatic islet cells. In addition, MEN1 carriers can have adrenal or thyroid tumors and non-endocrine tumors, such as lipomas, angiofibromas, and leiomyomas. Although leiomyoma is not a major component of MEN1, it is thought to occur more frequently than expected. However, there has been no report of a case of MEN1 with leiomyoma in Korea so far. This report describes a patient with multiple leiomyomas in MEN1. A 50-year-old woman was referred for further evaluation of elevated calcium levels and osteoporosis. Biochemical abnormalities included hypercalcemia with elevated parathyroid hormone. There was hyperprolactinemia with pituitary microadenoma in sella MRI. An abdominal MRI demonstrated adrenal nodules and leiomyomas in the bladder and uterus. Endoscopic ultrasonography demonstrated esophageal leiomyoma and pancreatic islet cell tumor. A subtotal parathyroidectomy with thymectomy was performed. Sequencing of the MEN1 gene in this patient revealed a novel missense mutation (D350V, exon 7). This is the first case of MEN1 accompanied with multiple leiomyomas, parathyroid adenoma, pituitary adenoma, pancreatic tumor, and adrenal tumor.
Base Sequence ; Female ; Humans ; Leiomyomatosis/genetics/*metabolism/*pathology/radiography ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1/genetics/*metabolism ; Mutation/genetics

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Liver dysfunction and reactivation of hepatitis virus are well-described complications in cancer patients who receive cytotoxic chemotherapy and may result in varying degrees of liver damage. However, there has been just few reports on such complications and on the preemptive use of lamivudine in Korea. The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of hepatitis B and C virus infection and the incidence of liver dysfunction in patients with malignancies who receive chemotherapy, to determine the reactivation rate of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in those patients, to evaluate the effect of preemptive use of lamivudine in patients with HBV infection. METHODS: Among 1,477 patients who received chemotherapy due to various malignancies from January 2000 to June 2005, 668 patients with incomplete viral studies or hepatitis related malignancy were excluded. A retrospective study was conducted by reviewing the medical records of remaining 809 patients. RESULTS: The overall prevalence rate of hepatitis B or C virus in patients receiving chemotherapy was 6.55% (53/809). The incidences of liver dysfunction was not significantly different between hepatitis virus positive group and negative group. Reactivation rate of hepatiris B or C virus after chemotherapy was 15% (6/40). In all patients who received lamivudine therapy, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase level were normalized and HBV DNA negativity achieved. CONCLUSIONS: The existence of hepatitis virus in patients receiving chemotherapy did not significantly influence the development of severe liver dysfunction, owing probably to the lamivudine therapy. Further prospective studies are required to ascertain the reactivation of hepatitis virus in patients receiving chemotherapy and the need for prophylactic lamivudine therapy in HBV positive patients.
Adult ; Antineoplastic Agents/*adverse effects ; Antiviral Agents/*therapeutic use ; Female ; Hepatitis B/diagnosis/epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Hepatitis C/diagnosis/epidemiology/*prevention & control ; Humans ; Lamivudine/*therapeutic use ; Liver Diseases/chemically induced/*diagnosis/epidemiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasms/complications/drug therapy ; Prevalence