PURPOSE: This study was done to investigate the influence of organization and community job embeddedness on turnover intention of nurses in small and medium sized general hospitals. METHODS: The participants, 333 nurses, were recruited from small and medium sized general hospitals in Korea. Data were collected by self-report questionnaires on job-embeddedness and turnover intention and were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Independent t-test, One-way ANOVA and Scheffé', Pearson correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression analysis with the SPSS 18.0 program. RESULTS: The score for job embeddedness and it's 6 factors, and turnover intention were above 3 on a 5 point scale with the exception of organizational sacrifice. There was a significant difference in turnover intention according to age, marital status, salary, and position. There were significant negative correlations between the 6 factors of job embeddedness and turnover intention. Variables entered in multiple regression showed that organizational sacrifice, organizational fit and age were significant contributing factors to turnover intention. CONCLUSION: The findings suggest that there is a need for strategies to enhance job embeddedness, especially organization sacrifice and organization fit. These factors should be developed and used to decrease turnover intention of nurses in small and medium sized general hospitals.
Hospitals, General* ; Intention* ; Korea ; Linear Models ; Marital Status ; Salaries and Fringe Benefits

PURPOSE: This study was a systematic review and meta-analysis designed to evaluate the effects of breastfeeding intervention on breastfeeding rates. METHODS: Based on the guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA), a systematic search was conducted using eight core electronic databases and other sources including gray literature from January 9 to 19, 2017. Two reviewers independently select the studies and assessed methodological risk of bias of studies using the Cochrane criteria. The topics of breastfeeding interventions were analyzed using descriptive analysis and the effects of intervention were meta-analyzed using the Review Manager 5.2 software. RESULTS: A total of 16 studies were included in the review and 15 were included for meta-analysis. The most frequently used intervention topics were the importance of good latch-on and frequency of feeding and determining adequate intake followed. The pooled total effect of breastfeeding intervention was 1.08 (95% CI 1.03~1.13). In the subgroup analysis, neither pre-nor post-childbirth intervention was effective on the breastfeeding rates at 1, 3, and 6 months, and neither group nor individual interventions had an effect. Only the 1 month breastfeeding rate was found to be affected by the individual intervention with the persistent strategies 1.21 (95% CI 1.04~1.40). CONCLUSION: Effective breastfeeding interventions are needed to help the mother to start breastfeeding after childbirth and continue for at least six months. It should be programmed such that individuals can acquire information and specific breastfeeding skills. After returning home, there should be continuous support strategies for breastfeeding as well as managing various difficulties related to childcare.
Bias (Epidemiology) ; Breast Feeding* ; Humans ; Mothers ; Parturition ; Postpartum Period*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the current status of research related to evidence-based nursing and to suggest directions for the future of evidence-based nursing practice, education and research. METHODS: A search was done of 20 research publications, including domestic nursing journals, nursing master's theses and doctoral dissertations before November 2016. Finally, 183 studies were selected. The selected papers were analyzed using descriptive statistics and χ² test with the SPSS/WIN 18.0 program. RESULTS: Most of papers examined in this study were journal articles (80.9%). Meta-analysis (35.0%) was the most common study design. Methodological characteristics were as follows: before 2010 about 5% were documents that suggested Priori' design, generation of PICO, search strategy, quality assessment and description of quality assessment outcome, but after 2011, these designs increased to 30.8%, 73.1%, 41.0%, 91.0% and 65.4%, respectively. The most frequent topics for evidence-based nursing implementation were evidence-based nursing readiness (16 papers). Highest frequency topics in systematic reviews and meta-analysis were studies that confirmed the intervention effect of exercise programs. The highest frequency topics in guideline were temperature control. CONCLUSION: Researchers' perceptions to improve research methodological quality and education to strengthen the research capability are necessary.
Education ; Evidence-Based Nursing* ; Korea* ; Nursing ; Nursing Research

PURPOSE: The study was done to verify evidence-based practice (EBP) readiness and factors contributing to EBP competency in general hospital nurses. METHODS: Participants were 219 nurses working in 7 general hospitals in G-city and J Province. Data were collected from May 12 to May 28, 2015 and analyzed using one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation and stepwise multiple regression. RESULTS: Mean score for EBP competency was 3.89±0.83, for critical thinking disposition, 3.35±0.36, for EBP attitude, 3.53±0.66, for beliefs about value of EBP, 3.42±0.56, for ability in research performance, 2.86±0.57, for time to devote to EBP, 2.57±0.69 and for organization support for EBP, 3.36±0.46. EBP competency was significantly correlated with critical thinking disposition (r=.37, p<.001), beliefs about value of EBP (r=.43, p<.001), ability in research performance (r=.44, p<.001), and time to devote to EBP(r=.33, p<.001). Factors influencing EBP competency in general hospital nurses were research performance (β=.29, p<.001), beliefs about value of EBP (β=.24, p<.001), critical thinking disposition (β=.15, p=.014), recognition of EBP (β=-.18, p=.002), which together explained 35% of total variance. CONCLUSION: Findings indicate that introduction and activation of EBP in general hospitals is essential and development of systematic training programs to strengthen critical thinking disposition and EBP competency are needed.
Education ; Evidence-Based Practice* ; Hospitals, General* ; Thinking

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a structural model to explain breastfeeding behavior of primipara based on information-motivation-behavioral skills. Variables were breastfeeding knowledge, breastfeeding motivation, breastfeeding self-efficacy, and parenting stress. Methods: Participants were first-time mothers who were breastfeeding infants from birth to 6 months. Data were collected from 5 pediatric hospitals and 1 public health center in Jeollanam-do from December 24, 2018 to February 28, 2019. A total of 285 questionnaires were included in the analysis. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 20.0 and AMOS 20.0 programs. Results: Fitness statistics for the hypothetical model were appropriate (χ2=48.30 [degrees of freedom= 14, p<0.001], goodness of fit index=0.96, normed fit index=0.89, comparative fit index=0.92, standardized root mean square residual=0.06). Breastfeeding self-efficacy had the most direct and total impact on breastfeeding behaviors (β=0.38, p=0.01). Breastfeeding self-efficacy was directly and totally influenced by breastfeeding knowledge (β=-0.18, p=0.01), breastfeeding motivation (β=0.26, p=0.01). Parenting stress showed a direct effect on breastfeeding self-efficacy (β=-0.14, p=0.02) and breastfeeding behavior (β=0.20, p=0.01), confirming its modulating effect on both variables. Conclusion Since breastfeeding self-efficacy was the most important variable for the breastfeeding behavior in first-time mothers, nursing interventions should be developed to promote breastfeeding selfefficacy including accurate breastfeeding information and enhanced breastfeeding motivation. Strategies that could relieve or adjust parenting stress should be considered since parenting stress had a causal relationship with breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding behavior.

Purpose: This study aimed to develop a structural model to explain breastfeeding behavior of primipara based on information-motivation-behavioral skills. Variables were breastfeeding knowledge, breastfeeding motivation, breastfeeding self-efficacy, and parenting stress. Methods: Participants were first-time mothers who were breastfeeding infants from birth to 6 months. Data were collected from 5 pediatric hospitals and 1 public health center in Jeollanam-do from December 24, 2018 to February 28, 2019. A total of 285 questionnaires were included in the analysis. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics ver. 20.0 and AMOS 20.0 programs. Results: Fitness statistics for the hypothetical model were appropriate (χ2=48.30 [degrees of freedom= 14, p<0.001], goodness of fit index=0.96, normed fit index=0.89, comparative fit index=0.92, standardized root mean square residual=0.06). Breastfeeding self-efficacy had the most direct and total impact on breastfeeding behaviors (β=0.38, p=0.01). Breastfeeding self-efficacy was directly and totally influenced by breastfeeding knowledge (β=-0.18, p=0.01), breastfeeding motivation (β=0.26, p=0.01). Parenting stress showed a direct effect on breastfeeding self-efficacy (β=-0.14, p=0.02) and breastfeeding behavior (β=0.20, p=0.01), confirming its modulating effect on both variables. Conclusion Since breastfeeding self-efficacy was the most important variable for the breastfeeding behavior in first-time mothers, nursing interventions should be developed to promote breastfeeding selfefficacy including accurate breastfeeding information and enhanced breastfeeding motivation. Strategies that could relieve or adjust parenting stress should be considered since parenting stress had a causal relationship with breastfeeding self-efficacy and breastfeeding behavior.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the trends in domestic and foreign studies on the various effects of parental phubbing behavior on adolescent children. Methods: This scoping review was conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) protocol. Literature published in five foreign databases and four domestic databases was searched. Two researchers independently reviewed and selected the literature, and the extracted data included the author, publication year, country of study, research methodology, study participants, independent variables and tools used, dependent variables, and influencing factors. Results: A total of 575 articles were identified, and 43 articles were finally included in the analysis. The publication years ranged from 2018 to 2022, and most studies were cross-sectional studies. The dependent variables were broadly classified into cognitive-behavioral, psychological, and social variables, with smartphone addiction and depression being the most commonly reported. Conclusion This study represents a significant attempt to investigate the trends in domestic and foreign research on the effects of parental phubbing on adolescent children, and is expected to be utilized as a foundation for developing programs to promote mental health, including interpersonal relationships for adolescents.

The aim of this study was to develop and evaluate a web-based learning program with multimedia ECG monitoring for clinical nurses. For this, we compared the self-directed, web-based learning method with the traditional lecture method. A quasiexperimental, nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used, the data from 32 nurses(17 for experimental group and 15 for control group) were collected from October 1 to November 30, 2001, and analysed by SPSS program with x2 test, ttest, ANCOVA. The results were as follows : 1) There was significant improvement in the score on learning achievement of the experimental group compared with that of the control group(t=-2.739, p=.010). 2) There was no significant difference between the groups in learning motivation(t=-.054, p=.4785). In conclusion, it is suggested that a higher learning achievement was achieved in self-directed, web-based learning than in the traditional classroom style learning. There was also evidence that two educational styles had same effect in creating motivation. We propose to utilize a self-directed, web-based leaning method as a means to continue life-long education for nurses on a rotational duty system.
Education ; Electrocardiography* ; Learning* ; Motivation ; Multimedia*