Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was performed in 41 patients with compression fracture of the spine. MR images of 14 patients with acute spinal trauma (within recent 1 month), eight patients with chronic trauma (over 1 month), and 19 patients with malignant cause without history of trauma were analyzed, retrospectively. Low signal intencities on T1-weighted images and high signal intensities on T2-weighted images were noted in 86% (12/14) of patients with acute trauma, Iso-signal intensities on all pulse sequences were noted in 50%(4/8) of patients with chronic trauma. Low signal intensities on T1-weighted images and high signal intensities on T2-weighted images were noted in 100%(19/19) of patients with metastatic compression fracture. Contrast enhancement was observed in all the cases of acute trauma(4/4) and metastases(18/18), whereas only 20% (1/5) of chronic trauma showed enhancement. Fragmentation was seen in 35% (5/14) of patients with acute trauma, in 25%(2/8) with chronic trauma, and not seen in the patients with metastasis. In conclusion, acute traumatic compression fracture can not be differentiated from malignant cause by MR signal intensity or contrast enhancement, but chronic compression fracture can be distinguished from metasasis. Fragmentation may suggest traumatic compression fracture. So MRI could be a useful method in differentiating the benign compression fractures from the pathologic ones caused by malignancy.
Fractures, Compression* ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Methods ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Spine

The present study has been performed to investigate the neural axis of rat digastric muscle using viral tracer, pseudorabies virus. The upper nuclei to innervate digastric muscle were in accumbens nucleus, agran-ular insular cortex, central nucleus of amygaloid, lateral septal nucleus, frontal cortex, and subfornical organ etc, in telencephalon ; arcuate hypothalamic nucleus, lateral hypot-halamic area, medial preoptic nucleus, bed nucleus of stria terminalis, dorsomedial hypot-halamic nucleus, suprachiasmatic nucleus, paraventricular nucleus, and retrochiasmatic area etc, in diencephalon ; nucleus Darkschewitsch, interstitial nucleus of the medial logitudinal fasciculus, parabrachial nucleus, locus ceruleus, Kolliker-Fuse nucleus, trigeminal mesencephalic nucleus, red nucleus, substantia nigra, nucleus of posterior commissure, Edinger-Westphal nucleus, and dorsal raphe nucleus etc, in mesencephalon ; giganto-cellular reticular nucleus, raphe magnus nucleus, raphe pallidus nucleus, raphe obscuous nucleus, nucleus of solitary tracts, lateral reticular nucleus, parvocellular reticular nucleus, area postrema, facial nucleus, pontine reticular nucleus, pontine nucleus of trigeminal nerve and spinal nucleus of trigeminal nerve etc, in rhombencephalon. There are significant difference of numbers of PRV-Ba immunoreactive cells between right and left sides of brain in almost nuclei[P< 0.05]. But PRV-Ba immunoreactive cells were observed only ipsilaterally in accessory trigeminal motor nucleus, accessory facial nucleus and agranular insular cortex. Frontal cortex was the only area which were shown contralateral immunoreactivity. The results of this study provide anatomical support that both the cranial and caudal bellies are innervated by the same upper nuclei. The results also support the suggestion that the lower nuclei of digastric muscle, accessory trigeminal motor nucleus and accessory facial nucleus consist of somatotopic motor complex.
Animals ; Area Postrema ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra* ; Brain ; Diencephalon ; Herpesvirus 1, Suid ; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral ; Immunohistochemistry ; Locus Coeruleus ; Mesencephalon ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus ; Raphe Nuclei ; Rats* ; Red Nucleus ; Rhombencephalon ; Septal Nuclei ; Subfornical Organ ; Substantia Nigra ; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus ; Telencephalon ; Trigeminal Nerve ; Trigeminal Nuclei

The localizations and morphological characteristics of gonadotropes in the adenohypophy-sis of Korean native goat were investigated with double immunohistochemistry. The gonadotropes were present in the pars distalis and pars tuberalis, but not in the pars intermedta. Gonadotropes occupied about 49.0% of the cells in the pars distalis in females, and about 40.8% in males. Three types of gonadotropes ; FSH immunoreactive cells[FSH cells], LH immunoreac-tive cells[LH cells], and FSH and LH immunoreactive cells[FSH/LH cell], were identified according to their immunoreactivities for FSH and LH antisera. The possessional perce-ntages of FSH cells, LH cells and FSH/LH cells were 1.1%, 40.6%, 58.3% in females and 1.8%, 30.0%, 68.8% in males, respectively. FSH/LH cells were large and oval or round in shape. These cells were distributed throughout the pars distalis, but were more abundant on the dorsal part adjacent to the hypophyseal cavity and along the lateral and ventral peripheral regions. LH cells were smaller than other gonadotropes and were observed throughout the pars distalis, but predominant in the central region. FSH cells were large and oval in shape. These cells were intercalated between FSH/LH cells.
Female ; Goats* ; Gonadotrophs ; Humans ; Immune Sera ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male

10 cases of tuberculosis of the greater trochanter of the femur were treated at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital from Jan. 1964 to Jun. 1971 with following results; 1) Duration of onset was more than 2 years in 7 cases and tuberculous foci of other organ were noted in 4 cases. 2) Bony destruction on the greater trochanter was observed in all cases and marked synovial thickening was combined in 4 cases. 3) Radical curettage or resection of bony focus of the greater trochanter were carried out in all cases with excellent result except 1 case in which reoperation was necessary 4 years later.
Curettage ; Femur ; Orthopedics ; Reoperation ; Seoul ; Tuberculosis

These studies were performed to identify the localization, and neuronal function of calcitonin gene-related peptide[CGRP] in the neural axis of rat stomach by retrograde tracing and immunohistochemical techniques. After injection of pseudorabies virus Bartha strain[PRV] as tracer between serosa and muscle layer of stomach, the rats were perfused and the brains were removed. PRV-immunoreactive cells were observed in central nucleus of amygdaloid, insular cortex, subfornical organ, bed nucleus of stria terminalis, paraventricular nucleus, organum vasculosum of terminalis, suprachiasmatic nucleus, lateral hypothalamic area, K lliker-Fuse nucleus, parabrachial nucleus, locus ceruleus, A1 noradrenaline area, A5 noradrenaline area, area postrema, dorsal motor nucleus of vagus nerve, nucleus tractus solitarius and raphe nuclei. CGRP-immunoreactive cells are observed in insular cortex, bed nucleus of stria terminalis, paraventricular nucleus, lateral hypothalamic area, parabrachial nucleus, area postrema, nucleus tractus solitarisu, neucleus ambiguus, facial nucleus, hypoglossal nucleus and raphe nuclei. The dobule immunofluorescent study was carried out to examine the coexistence of CGRP and PRV in several nuclei : insular cortex, bed nucleus of stria terminalis, paraventricular nucleus, later hypithalamic area, parabrachial nucleus, area postrema, nucleus tractus solitarius and raphe nuclei. At the results of double immunofluorescent study, we could not observe the double immunoreactive neurons CGRP and PRV in those nuclei but raphe nuclei. These results suggest that CGRP should not have a neural functions in the neurons in nuclei projecting to rat stomach except raphe nuclei.
Animals ; Area Postrema ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Brain* ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide* ; Calcitonin* ; Herpesvirus 1, Suid ; Hypothalamic Area, Lateral ; Locus Coeruleus ; Neurons ; Norepinephrine ; Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus ; Raphe Nuclei ; Rats* ; Septal Nuclei ; Serous Membrane ; Solitary Nucleus ; Stomach ; Subfornical Organ ; Suprachiasmatic Nucleus ; Vagus Nerve

If one can measure the actual angle of the bowing and rotation of a long bone three-dimensionally, it will be a great help in fracture reductions, operative treatments of the congenital snomalies, determination of the fusion angles in arthrodeses, and so on. We developed a computer program that gives us the actual bowing and rotation angle when we input the angles from the two X-ray films with known angle between them. We measured anteversion and neck-shaft angle of the femur, the amount of bowing and rotation in fracture model, and the fusion angles in arthrodeses. The angles calculated from the computer program were same as those from another X-ray that showed the actual angle taken by derotating the subject.
Arthrodesis ; Femur ; X-Ray Film

OBJECTIVE: The bigger the size of order and hospital information of data causes more complex in the communication of each part in the hospital. Various departments such as medical examination, medical examination support, business management and the general management are working a patient medicine, a hospital operation with organic cooperation each other. Medical support departments make efforts that decrease patient examination time and care in the medical information system. METHODS: There are many medical information system. PACS appears one another method about information reception systems in the hospital as a complement of HIS which based on existing message information. In this paper's experiment, agent system practiced patient data and DICOM image of db server in the wireless network. Using PDA, embodies PDA client that makes possible to search and renew the data of db server and embodies hospital managing agent that makes possible to link with PDA to database in the hospital, and designed data format of between server and PDA. RESULTS: This designed system is PDA agent that hospital network supports wireless network. The agent system is appeared important facilities in the hospital which enlarge the chance of the medical benefits to patient delay time. So this system completed proximity of POC(Patient of Care) concept and patient data of DB conformance. This system improved high hospital service of patient. CONCLUSION: Hospital's information environments are expanded and examination's staffs are worked without place, time, convenience. The design of agent systems offers reduction delay time of patient service, medical institution could makes effective and systematic management, so there is a improvement of medical information system in wireless environment. This papers draw a conclusion, there should have working place with equipment and program related to computational system in the hospital. PDA program displays patient data and DICOM image. Doctor and nurse can modify patient's personal information, search patient's information and take care of near patients easily, so we want to improve inadequate treatment recording system of medical members.
Commerce ; Complement System Proteins ; Humans ; Information Systems

A case of metastatic alveolar soft part sarcoma is presented with clincal, pathological and radiological features. Alveolar soft part sarcoma is a rare soft-tissue neoplasm that is malignant and invariably fatal. It was first described and named by Christopherson, et al. in 1952. Since 1952 numerous examples of this tumor have been reported and have been studied with the electron microscope, but there is still considerable uncertainty as to the exact histogenesis of the tumor. Most cases occur in young females involving the lower extrimities especially in the right side. The most initial presenting symptom is a slowgrowing painless mass and the principal metastatic sites are the lungs, followed by the brain and skeleton. Cerebral metastasis, in fact, may be the first manifestation of the disease. Treatment is radical surgical excision but radiotherapy and chemotherapy are less effective. We present the reported case of metastatic alveolar soft pat sarcoma with electron microscopic findings.
Brain ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Lung ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Radiotherapy ; Sarcoma ; Sarcoma, Alveolar Soft Part* ; Skeleton ; Uncertainty

OBJECTIVE: Hospital information system is evolved toward integration of medical IT(Information Technology) and situation is changing with high speed in the ICT(Information Communication Technology) convergence. RFID/USN(Radio Frequency Identification/Ubiquitous Sensor Network) included IT839 strategy introduced by Ministry of Information and Communication has actively applied to the pilot project and developed elements technologies. RFID is one of the technologies for AIDC(Automatic Identification and Data Capture). It is the core technology to implement automatic processing system. This RFID applications are made of subsystem for patient consultation of delay, automatic reception system by itself. METHODS: This paper implemented RFID server, PDA(Personal Digital Assistant) Client program, tag manager program, user's program. In this paper's RFID server, tag system modified patient tag that allocated patient information database server(tag UID, no, name, password) in instant network. Using RFID 13.56MHz Kit, embodies RFID system that makes possible to search and update the tag of database that makes possible to link with PDA client program in medical information system. RESULTS: This paper provides a comprehensive basic review of RFID model in korea and suggests the evolution direction of further advanced RFID application services. In addition, designed and implemented database server's agent program and client program of PDA application that recognized RFID tag and patient data in the ubiquitous environments. This system implemented hospital information system that performed patient data based medical information database environments, and so reduced delay time of requisition, medical treatment, lab. CONCLUSION: The design of RFID application offers reduction delay time of patient medical treatment, medical institution research management system, so there is a improvement of hospital information system in ubiquitous environment. This papers draw a conclusion, there should have working place with RFID tag related to computational system in patient information system. RFID client program displays patient data and PACS(Picture Archiving and Communication System). Doctor and officers can modify patient's medical data, search data and receipt medical consultation automatically.
Hospital Information Systems* ; Humans ; Information Systems ; Korea ; Pilot Projects ; Radio Frequency Identification Device*

A clinical evaluation was made on 19 patients with urethral stricture following urethral catheterization in 155 urethral stricture patients during 12 years from January. 1979 to December. 1990. The following results were obtained. I. In 155 cases of urethral stricture, iatrogenic urethral stricture was 24 cases (15.4%) of which the most common cause was urethral catheterization(19 cases) and followed by instrumentation (2 cases). 2. In 19 cases of urethral stricture following urethral catheterization. the most common site was the anterior urethra (bulbous 10 cases. pendulous 7 cases) and multiple strictures showed 5 of 17 anterior urethral strictures. 3. In 19 cases, 16 cases (84.2%) occurred in patients who have kept the urethral catheter within seven days and 18 cases (94.7%) were inserted and cared the urethral catheter by non-urologist. 4. Treatment was performed internal urethrotomy in 16, dilatation in 2 and catheter indwelling during 1 week in 1. 5. In 24 cases of iatrogenic urethral stricture. mean number of dilation to recurrent strictures after primary procedure had required O.5 time. From our results. we suggest that education for the careful insertion and method of care for the urethral catheter to non-urologist is least likely to induce urethral stricture formation.
Catheters ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Dilatation ; Education ; Humans ; Urethra ; Urethral Stricture* ; Urinary Catheterization* ; Urinary Catheters*