In 1868 Charcot described the join in tabes dorsalis, which since then has been designated as Charcot neuroarthropathy. It is characterized by painless swelling and abnormal mobility of the affected joint. Arthropathy of the type described by Charcot has been associated with various other conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, syringomyelia, injury to nerve root, congenital indfference to pain, leprosy, and intra-articular use of steroid, etc. Authors present a case of Charcot joint which involved the left knee joint associated with pathologic fracture of the left tibia and fibula.
Arthropathy, Neurogenic ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Fibula ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Joints ; Knee Joint ; Knee ; Leprosy ; Syringomyelia ; Tabes Dorsalis ; Tibia

OBJECTIVES: This study was aimed to investigate and compare the life event stress unit, coping strategy and other risk factors in coronary artery disease patients who visited Cardiovascular Division of Dept. of Internal Medicine Chung-Ang University Hospital. METHODS: Review of medical chart, semi-structured interview, Scale of Life Events and Multidemensional Coping Scale were applied to patients group(No.=26) who were diagnosed as cardiovascular disease at Cardiovascular Division Dept. of Internal Medicine, Chung-Ang University Hospital and control group(No.=37) who were screened as normal at Health Screening Center. The data were processed by T test and Chi-square test using SPSS version 7.0. RESULTS: 1) The scores of life event stress of patient group were significantly higher(372.34+/-172.81) than those of normal control group(228.27+/-116.37)(p<0.05). 2) In the aspect of coping strategies, the patients' group was significantly higher than normal control group at the fatalism, accomodation and self-criticism(p<0.05), while in the normal control group, the positive comparison and religious seeking tended to be higher than in the patients group, with no statistical significance. 3) Comparing other risk factors of coronary artery disease, the patients group was higher than the normal control group at the incidence of diabetes, hypo-HDL-cholesterolemia and hypertension(p<0.05). But the incidence of smoking, hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia did not differ significantly. CONCLUSIONS: The life event stress was found to be one of the risk factors of coronary artery disease. The passive-negative coping strategies, such as the fatalism, accomodation and selfcriticism, were also another risk factors.
Cardiovascular Diseases ; Coronary Artery Disease* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Humans ; Hypercholesterolemia ; Hypertriglyceridemia ; Incidence ; Internal Medicine ; Mass Screening ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking

OBJECTIVE: The Purpose of this study was to standardize the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale for Koreans(HAD-K). METHOD: HAD-K, Beck Depression Inventory(BDI), and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) were administered to 66 anxious and 74 depressed patients and 189 normal controls. RESULTS: The median correlation between items of the HAD-A and corrected item total score was 0.55 and HAD-D was 0.47. The values of Cronbach's alpha coefficient were 0.89 and 0.86. The results of testing the validity of the HAD examined by t-test proved that anxious and depressed groups were significantly different from normal controls. The construct validity of HAD-D with BDI was r=0.80, and HAD-A with SAS was r=0.79. The result of examining the sensitivity and specificity of HAD-D revealed that cut-off point of 8 yielded 89.2% sensitivity rate and 82.5% specificity rate. And those of HAD-A revealed that cut-off point of 8 yielded 78.8% sensitivity rate and 82.5% specificity rate. The result of the factor analysis found 3 factors in HAD, which were anxiety(factor 1) and depression (factor 2). The total percent of two factors were 59.6%. CONCLUSION: The HAD-K was proven to measure the anxiety and depression validly. Primary physicians and non-psychiatrists also can easily measure anxiety and depression of patients within a short time with HAD-K.
Anxiety* ; Depression* ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity

No abstract available.
Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome* ; Syncope

No abstract available.
Anisakiasis*

No abstract available.
Lymphadenitis*

BACKGROUND: Myxoma makes up close to 50% of adult primary cardiac tumors, and this mainly occurs in the left atrium, and rarely in the right atrium or ventricle. The patients clinically present with symptoms of hemodynamic obstruction, embolization or constitutional changes. Diagnosis is currently established most appropriately with 2-D echocardiography. Surgical resection of myxoma is a safe and effective treatment. MATERIAL AND METHOD: We reviewed our clinical experience in the diagnosis and management of 57 cases of cardiac myxoma that were seen over a 20-year period from July 1984 to July 2004. RESULT: The mean age of the patients was 53.5+/-14.0 years (range: 12 to 76 years). There were 38 (67%) females and 19 (33%) males. The preoperative symptoms included dyspnea on exertion in 27 patients, palpitation in 4, chest pain in 9 and syncopal episode in 4. The diagnosis was made by echocardiography alone in 51, and by combination of echocardiography, CT and angiography in 6. The tumor attachment sites were the interatrial septum in 50, the mital valve annulus in 3 and the left atrial wall in cases. The tumor was excised successfully via biatriotomy in 33 (58%), left atriotomy in 15 (26%), the septal approach via right atriotomy in 3, Inverted T incision in 3 and the extended septal approach in 3. The follow-up time ranged from 1 to 229 months (mean follow-up: 84.0+/-71.3 months). There were no early and late deaths and no recurrence during the follow-up period except for follow-up loss in 5 patients. CONCLUSION: It's concluded that excision of cardiac myxoma is curative and the long-term survival is excellent. Immediate surgical treatment was indicated because of the high risk of embolization or of sudden cardiac death. Radical tumor excision may prevent recurrences.
Adult ; Angiography ; Chest Pain ; Death, Sudden, Cardiac ; Diagnosis ; Dyspnea ; Echocardiography ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Heart Atria ; Heart Neoplasms ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Male ; Myxoma* ; Recurrence ; Syncope

Necrotizing fasciitis is one of the few true emergencies in orthopedic surgery that has a very high mortality rate unless recognized promptly and treated aggressively. The authors report a case of a patient with necrotizing fasciitis on the thigh that developed secondary to an unrecognized rectal cancer perforation through the short external rotator muscles. Clinicians should always be alert to the potential that rectal cancer perforations can cause necrotizing fasciitis in rare cases.
Emergencies ; Fasciitis ; Fasciitis, Necrotizing ; Humans ; Muscles ; Orthopedics ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Thigh

OBJECTIVES : In our previous report, alcohol dependent patients (ADP) with virtual reality treatment showed a greater decrease in cravings for alcohol and increase in alpha power of the frontal lobe, compared to ADP who underwent general treatment. For the showing different responsibility on alcohol consumption situation between ADP and healthy comparisons, we compared the change in cravings and alpha waves in frontal lobe during virtual reality treatment for alcohol dependence (VRT). METHODS : Thirty seven alcohol-dependent male inpatients diagnosed using DSM-IV, and 25 ageand education-matched healthy adult males were recruited. We measured the changes in cravings and Electroencephalogram (EEG) activity between alcoholic patients and healthy control subjects during VRT. RESULTS : During the VRT, ADP reported higher craving for alcohol during the high risk situation and lower craving for alcohol during aversive situation, compared to healthy controls. The alpha wave of frontal lobe activity in ADP was decreased while that in healthy subject was increased from relaxation to high risk situation (HRS). In ADP, the changes of EEG {Fp1-A1 (r=-0.48, p=0.04), F7-A1 (r=-0.49, p=0.03), Fp2-A2 (r=-0.46, p<0.05), and F8-A2 (r=-0.54, p=0.02)} in the frontal lobe were negatively correlated with the change of craving for alcohol. CONCLUSION : The present study demonstrated that the ready availability and the affinity of alcohol cues in ADP appear to be correlated with decreased function of the frontal lobe.
Adenosine Diphosphate ; Adult ; Alcohol Drinking ; Alcoholics ; Alcoholism ; Cues ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Electroencephalography ; Frontal Lobe ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Male ; Relaxation

OBJECTIVES : In our previous report, alcohol dependent patients (ADP) with virtual reality treatment showed a greater decrease in cravings for alcohol and increase in alpha power of the frontal lobe, compared to ADP who underwent general treatment. For the showing different responsibility on alcohol consumption situation between ADP and healthy comparisons, we compared the change in cravings and alpha waves in frontal lobe during virtual reality treatment for alcohol dependence (VRT). METHODS : Thirty seven alcohol-dependent male inpatients diagnosed using DSM-IV, and 25 ageand education-matched healthy adult males were recruited. We measured the changes in cravings and Electroencephalogram (EEG) activity between alcoholic patients and healthy control subjects during VRT. RESULTS : During the VRT, ADP reported higher craving for alcohol during the high risk situation and lower craving for alcohol during aversive situation, compared to healthy controls. The alpha wave of frontal lobe activity in ADP was decreased while that in healthy subject was increased from relaxation to high risk situation (HRS). In ADP, the changes of EEG {Fp1-A1 (r=-0.48, p=0.04), F7-A1 (r=-0.49, p=0.03), Fp2-A2 (r=-0.46, p<0.05), and F8-A2 (r=-0.54, p=0.02)} in the frontal lobe were negatively correlated with the change of craving for alcohol. CONCLUSION : The present study demonstrated that the ready availability and the affinity of alcohol cues in ADP appear to be correlated with decreased function of the frontal lobe.
Adenosine Diphosphate ; Adult ; Alcohol Drinking ; Alcoholics ; Alcoholism ; Cues ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Electroencephalography ; Frontal Lobe ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Male ; Relaxation