No abstract available.
Child* ; Epilepsy* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Hysterosalpingography* ; Laparoscopy*

No abstract available.
Thrombocythemia, Essential*

BACKGROUND: The diseases that cause neonatal cholestasis display several overlapping clinical feature. Making the differential diagnosis using liver biopsy specimens from infants with neonatal cholestasis is important for delivering the proper treatment. METHODS: We assessed the clinical manifestations, laboratory data, and histopathologic features of the pretreatment liver biopsy specimens from patients suffering with biliary atresia (n=66), intrahepatic bile duct paucity (n=15), and neonatal hepatitis (n=21). RESULTS: The gender distribution was nearly equal for the patients with biliary atresia and intrahepatic bile duct paucity, whereas males predominated for the cases of neonatal hepatitis. Only the gamma-glutamyl transferase level differed significantly amongst the groups. The diagnostic features for making the differential diagnosis of bile duct lesions included marked bile ductular proliferation, severe fibrosis, and bile duct loss. The difference of the average percentage of portal tracts with bile duct loss was statistically significant between the patients with intrahepatic bile duct paucity (73.9%) and those patients with neonatal hepatitis (39.1%) (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Bile ductular proliferation, bile duct loss, and advanced fibrosis are useful for the differential diagnosis of neonatal cholestasis. Moreover, stricter diagnostic criteria for bile duct loss (more than 2/3 of bile ducts) should be applied for the definitive diagnosis of intrahepatic bile duct paucity, because bile duct loss also frequently occurs in infants suffering with neonatal hepatitis.
Bile ; Bile Ducts ; Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic ; Biliary Atresia ; Biopsy ; Cholestasis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Fibrosis ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Liver ; Male ; Stress, Psychological ; Transferases

Castleman's disease is a rare benign lymphoproliferative disorder that frequently affects lymph nodes of the mediastinal thorax and the neck. It very rarely affects the renal sinus. We report a case of Castleman's disease arising in the renal sinus in a 64-year-old man. The patient visited the hospital with the chief complaint of hematuria. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a homogeneous mass in the sinus of the left kidney, radiologically interpreted as a malignant urothelial tumor. Subsequently, nephroureterectomy was performed, after which microscopic examination of the specimen revealed a diffuse lymphoproliferative lesion with reactive lymphoid follicles of various sizes and prominent plasma cell infiltration of interfollicular spaces, highlighted by immunohistochemical staining for CD138. The lesion was diagnosed as Castleman's disease of the plasma cell type. Although preoperative diagnosis of Castleman's disease is difficult and the incidence is exceedingly rare, it should be considered in the differential diagnosis of renal sinus tumors.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Giant Lymph Node Hyperplasia ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphoproliferative Disorders ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Plasma Cells ; Thorax

Carcinosarcoma of the stomach is a rarely occurring malignant biphasic tumor that consists of both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components simultaneously in a single tumor. The common carcinoma component is tubular or papillary adenocarcinoma and the mesenchymal sarcomatous components are variable and these include leiomyosarcoma, rhabdomyosarcoma, osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma. However, neuroendocrine carcinomatous differentiation in the carcinomatous component is extremely rare. We present here a rare gastric carcinosarcoma that demonstrated neuroendocrine carcinomatous and leiomyosarcomatous differentiation in a 47-year-old man.
Adenocarcinoma, Papillary ; Carcinosarcoma ; Chondrosarcoma ; Humans ; Leiomyosarcoma ; Middle Aged ; Muscle, Smooth ; Neurosecretory Systems ; Osteosarcoma ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; Stomach

Carcinosarcoma of the salivary glands is a rare malignant tumor showing both malignant epithelial and mesenchymal components. Herein, we present a carcinosarcoma of the parotid gland in a 67-year-old man consisting of osteosarcoma and adenocarcinoma components with fine needle aspiration cytological findings. The tumor was composed predominantly of osteosarcoma and small areas of adenocarcinomatous components and a hyalinized nodule reminiscent of pleomorphic adenoma. The tumor showed infiltrative growth features with perineural, lymphatic, and vascular invasion. Despite postoperative adjuvant radiation therapy, multiple metastatic lesions occurred in the both lungs 5 months after surgery. As salivary gland carcinosarcoma has been known to demonstrate highly aggressive behavior, an accurate pathological diagnosis is prerequisite for appropriate treatment.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; Aged ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Carcinosarcoma ; Humans ; Hyalin ; Lung ; Osteosarcoma ; Parotid Gland ; Salivary Glands

PURPOSE: Glucose uptake and glycolytic metabolism are enhanced in cancer cells, and increased expression of glucose transporter 1 (GLUT1) has also been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate GLUT1 expression in human breast tissues and invasive ductal carcinomas. METHODS: We used tissue microarrays consisting of normal breast tissue, ductal hyperplasia, ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma, and lymph node metastases. We examined GLUT1 expression in the microarrays by immunohistochemistry, reviewed the medical records and performed a clinicopathological analysis. RESULTS: Membranous GLUT1 expression was observed in normal and tumor cells. GLUT1 expression was higher in ductal carcinoma in situ, invasive ductal carcinoma, and lymph node metastasis than in normal tissue and ductal hyperplasia (p=0.002). Of 276 invasive ductal carcinomas, 106 (38.4%) showed GLUT1 expression. GLUT1 expression was correlated with higher histologic grade (p<0.001), larger tumor size (p=0.025), absence of estrogen receptor (p<0.001), absence of progesterone receptor (p<0.001), and triple-negative phenotype (p<0.001). In univariate survival analysis, patients with GLUT1 expression had poorer overall survival and disease-free survival (p=0.017 and p=0.021, respectively, log-rank test). In multivariate survival analysis with the Cox proportional hazards model, GLUT1 expression was an independent prognostic factor of poorer overall survival and disease-free survival (p=0.017 and p=0.019, respectively). CONCLUSION: GLUT1 expression seems to play an important role in malignant transformation, and the glycolytic phenotype in invasive ductal carcinoma may indicate aggressive biological behavior and a worse prognosis.
Breast ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; Disease-Free Survival ; Estrogens ; Glucose ; Glucose Transport Proteins, Facilitative ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymph Nodes ; Medical Records ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Phenotype ; Prognosis ; Proportional Hazards Models ; Receptors, Progesterone

Cystic lymphangioma is also known as cystic hygroma, and this is a congenital malformation of the lymphatic system. Most lymphangiomas are present at birth and they are diagnosed by the age of 2. They are mostly located in the neck or axillary region. The breast as a site of origin is an extremely unusual location, and especially in adults. We report here on a case of cystic lymphangioma in a 36-year-old woman. Physical examination revealed a tender cystic mass in the upper outer quadrant of the right breast. Ultrasonography revealed an irregular hypoechoic mass lesion that was associated with irregular duct dilatation and several enlarged axillary lymph nodes. After the operation, the mass was revealed to be a cystic lymphangioma. Although it is very rare, cystic lymphangioma should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a breast mass in adults.
Adult ; Male ; Female ; Humans ; Diagnosis, Differential

OBJECTIVE: To induce a mouse model of scleroderma with repeated bleomycin injections for research into human scleroderma at our research laboratory. METHODS: The protocol of Yamamoto et al. was replicated to establish the bleomycin-induced mouse model of scleroderma. RESULTS: A mouse model of scleroderma was induced by repeated subcutaneous injections of bleomycin. The dermal thickness increased with homogeneous and thickened collagen bundles. Semiquantitative measurements of dermal fibrosis were prominent in bleomycin-treated mice. CONCLUSION: A mouse model of scleroderma was induced with repeated injections of bleomycin at our laboratory.
Animals ; Bleomycin ; Collagen ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Injections, Subcutaneous ; Mice ; Models, Animal