Neurilemmoma is a neoplasm arising from Schwann cells. It is usually solitary and may be benign or malignant, solid or cystic, encapsulated or diffuse. It rarely occurs in the retroperitoneum. We report one case of retroperitoneal neurilemmoma with review of the literatures.
Neurilemmoma* ; Schwann Cells

Chin ; Humans ; Hyoid Bone ; Orthognathic Surgery ; X-Ray Film

No abstract available.
Monocytes* ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis* ; Mycobacterium* ; Phenol*

The authors examined 3,169 fecal specimens from inhabitants of seven localities such as City, Eups and Myons in Cheju Do on July 1970 with cellophane thick smear technique. The results were analysed and summarized as follows: The overall egg positive rate of helminths was 82.2% and it was attributed to high rates of soil-transmitted helminths as in case of other parts in Korea. The infection rates of each species were; A. lumbricoides 44.3%, T. trichiurus 65.6%, hookworm 1.5%, T. orientalis 0.8%, C. sinensis 0.2%, P. westermani 0.4%, M. yokogawai 0.9%, Taenia sp. 12.7% and H. nana 1.4%. The infection rates of soil-transmitted helminths were relatively lower than those of mainland Korea especially in case of hookworm and T. orientalis. The proportion of unfertilized ova passers among the Ascaris infected case was 22.1%. The ova of heterophyids, most probably Metagonimus yokogawai were detected in lower percentage but discovered throughout the localities surveyed and in all age groups. It is certainly presumed that Metagonimus infection is autochthonous. The most interesting results were obtained in Taenia sp. infection and the higher rates were shown in rural area than in urbanized areas. The positive rates were within 5% in childhood and adolescence but abruptly increased up to 36.4 % in adults.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda-trematoda-cestoda ; Ascaris lumbricoides ; Trichuris trichiura ; hookworm ; Trichostrongylus orientalis ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Paragonimus westermani ; Metagonimus yokogawai ; Taenia sp. ; Hymenolepis nana

PURPOSE: The variety of foreign bodies inserted into the genitourinary tract defies imagination, and their extraction should be tailored as surgery, endoscopic manipulation and dissolution according to the nature of the foreign bodies and should minimize bladder and urethral injury. In the current study, we present 7 cases of foreign bodies that occured during sexual behavior, along with a brief review of some related literatures. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, 7 patients who were diagnosed and treated from June 1995 to December 2002, were reviewed for their brief histories and important findings including radiographic findings. RESULTS: Foreign bodies were found in the bladder(3 cases), urethra(3 cases), and both bladder and urethra(1 case). Four patients underwent endoscopic removal of the foreign bodies, while open surgery was required for the other three since endoscopic procedure was not successful in two patients, and could not be applied to the third. CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopic removal is the treatment of choice for inserted foreign bodies. Open surgery, however, can be considered if endoscopic procedure fails or cannot be applied.
Foreign Bodies* ; Humans ; Imagination ; Retrospective Studies ; Sexual Behavior* ; Urethra* ; Urinary Bladder*

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to compare the surgical outcomes and near stereoacuities after unilateral medial rectus (MR) muscle resection and lateral rectus (LR) recession according to deviation angle in basic intermittent exotropia, X(T). METHODS: Ninety patients with basic type X(T) were included in this study. They underwent unilateral recession of the LR and resection of the MR and were followed postoperatively for at least 12 months. Patients were divided into three groups according to their preoperative deviation angle: group 1 < or =20 prism diopter (PD), 20 PD< group 2 <40 PD, and group 3 > or =40 PD. Surgical outcomes and near stereoacuities one year after surgery were evaluated. Surgical success was defined as having a deviation angle range within +/-10 PD for both near and distance fixation. RESULTS: Among 90 patients, groups 1, 2, and 3 included 30 patients each. The mean age in groups 1, 2, and 3 was 9.4 years, 9.4 years, and 11.0 years, respectively. The surgical success rates one year after surgery for groups 1, 2, and 3 were 80.0%, 73.3%, and 73.3% (chi-square test, p = 0.769), respectively. The undercorrection rates for groups 1, 2, and 3 were 16.7%, 23.3%, and 26.7%, and the overcorrection rates were 3.3%, 3.3%, and 0%, respectively. The mean preoperative near stereoacuities for groups 1, 2, and 3 were 224.3 arcsec, 302.0 arcsec, and 1,107.3 arcsec, and the mean postoperative near stereoacuities were 218.3 arcsec, 214.7 arcsec, and 743.0 arcsec (paired t-test; p = 0.858, p = 0.379, p = 0.083), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In basic X(T) patients, the amount of angle deviation has no influence on surgical outcomes in unilateral LR recession and MR resection. The near stereoacuities by one year after LR recession and MR resection for intermittent X(T) were not different among patient groups separated by preoperative deviation angle.
Child ; Exotropia/physiopathology/*surgery ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Oculomotor Muscles/physiopathology/*surgery ; *Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures ; Retrospective Studies ; Treatment Outcome ; Vision, Binocular/physiology ; Visual Acuity/physiology

BACKGROUND: Recently, low fluence collimated Q-switched (QS) Nd:YAG laser has drawn attention for the treatment of melasma. However, it needs a lot of treatment sessions for the substantial results and repetitive laser exposures may end up with unwanted depigmentation. OBJECTIVE: We evaluated the clinical effects and safety of the combinational treatment, using intense pulsed light (IPL) and low fluence QS Nd:YAG laser. METHODS: Retrospective case series of 20 female patients, with mixed type melasma, were analyzed using medical records. They were treated with IPL one time, and 4 times of weekly successive low fluence Nd:YAG laser treatments. At each visit, digital photographs were taken under the same condition. Melanin index (MI) and erythema index (EI) were measured on the highest point on the cheekbones. Modified melasma area and severity index (MASI) scores were calculated by two investigators using digital photographs. RESULTS: The mean values of MI and EI decreased significantly after treatments. The modified MASI score has decreased by 59.35%, on average. Sixty percents of the participants did not require any more treatments, and no clinical aggravations were observed during the follow-up period (mean 5.9 months). CONCLUSION: IPL and low fluence laser may elicit a clinical resolution in the mixed type melasma with long term benefits.
Erythema ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Light ; Medical Records ; Melanins ; Melanosis ; Research Personnel ; Retrospective Studies

Hyponatremia is frequently seen in intracranial hemorrhagic patients and has been often attributed to inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone. But in recent years, a number of studies have shown that hyponatremia in many patients with intracranial disease may actually be caused by cerebral salt wasting (CSW) syndrome and circulating Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and Brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) are probably involved. This report describes a patient who developed bacterial meningites caused by pseudomonas aeruginosa and CSW syndrome after removal of pituitary adenoma. CSW syndrome resolved by fluid and salt replacement after 4 months.
Humans ; Hyponatremia ; Meningitis* ; Meningitis, Bacterial ; Natriuretic Peptide, Brain ; Pituitary Neoplasms* ; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ; Pseudomonas* ; Wasting Syndrome*

PURPOSE: Percutaneous needle aspiration biopsy under the imaging guidance in the diagnosis of intrathoracic diseases has become a standard practice. Core tissue obtained by automated gun biopsy(AGB) is believed to be more diagnostic than materials from fine needle aspiration(FNA) by many cytopathologists. The authors evauated the role of automated gun biopsy in localized pulmonary lesions with respect to the its accuracy and complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed 107 percutaneous biopsies in localized pulmonary lesions under fluoroscopic guidance among 107 patients:AGB using 18G or 20G was done in 81 patients, and both AGB and FNA was done in 26 patients. RESULTS: Biopsy samples sufficient for histologic diagnosis were obtained in 94(87.9%) of 107 patients, AG8 in 73(90.1%) of 81 patients and AGB and FNA in 21(80.8%) of 26 patients. 11 of 13 negative results were due to inadeguate specimen size for the histologic diagnosis or were composed of necrotic areas, and 2 of 13 negative results were obtained through nontarget tissue. 10 patients developed pneumothorax and 4 of them required chest tube insertion. Minimal hemoptysis was found in 3 patients. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous automated gun biopsy under fluoroscopic guidance was easy and simple method of obtaining specimens of good quality and quantity. It may be an useful procedure in the diagnosis of localized pulmonary lesions.
Biopsy* ; Biopsy, Needle ; Chest Tubes ; Diagnosis ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Needles ; Pneumothorax

PURPOSE: Percutaneous needle aspiration biopsy under the imaging guidance in the diagnosis of intrathoracic diseases has become a standard practice. Core tissue obtained by automated gun biopsy(AGB) is believed to be more diagnostic than materials from fine needle aspiration(FNA) by many cytopathologists. The authors evauated the role of automated gun biopsy in localized pulmonary lesions with respect to the its accuracy and complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed 107 percutaneous biopsies in localized pulmonary lesions under fluoroscopic guidance among 107 patients:AGB using 18G or 20G was done in 81 patients, and both AGB and FNA was done in 26 patients. RESULTS: Biopsy samples sufficient for histologic diagnosis were obtained in 94(87.9%) of 107 patients, AG8 in 73(90.1%) of 81 patients and AGB and FNA in 21(80.8%) of 26 patients. 11 of 13 negative results were due to inadeguate specimen size for the histologic diagnosis or were composed of necrotic areas, and 2 of 13 negative results were obtained through nontarget tissue. 10 patients developed pneumothorax and 4 of them required chest tube insertion. Minimal hemoptysis was found in 3 patients. CONCLUSION: Percutaneous automated gun biopsy under fluoroscopic guidance was easy and simple method of obtaining specimens of good quality and quantity. It may be an useful procedure in the diagnosis of localized pulmonary lesions.
Biopsy* ; Biopsy, Needle ; Chest Tubes ; Diagnosis ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Needles ; Pneumothorax