No abstract available.
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene* ; Animals ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Estrogens* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
alpha-Fetoproteins* ; Birth Weight* ; Immunoglobulins* ; Parturition*

Many physicians and health care providers have to make a remarkable portion of their medical decisions without any scientific evidence. Nowadays, an enormous amount of medical information is being published almost every day, even while the value of this information is steadily decreasing. Medical practitioners, however, don't have enough time to maintain up-to-date medical knowledge because of their heavy schedule. For this reason, a number of projects in many countries have faced these problems and pushed the development of evidence-based medicine and clinical practice guidelines. This new paradigm integrates multiple sources of information and focuses attention on patient outcomes and preferences. The Korean breast cancer society presented the clinical practice guideline for the management of breast cancer in November 2002. The purpose of this paper is to introduce this case and to discuss the points at issue as well as its application and validity.
Appointments and Schedules ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Evidence-Based Medicine ; Evidence-Based Practice* ; Health Personnel ; Humans

The clinicopathologic features and the comparative analysis of diagnostic methods in 42 patients having intestinal tuberculosis were studied. In all the cases, clinical and colonoscopic diagnosis was confirmed by histological examination. Abdominal pain was the most common symptom (54%). Twenty nine patients had active pulmonary tuberculosis which was confirmed by a chest X-ray, or an AFB smear and a culture of sputum. A transverse ulcer with surrounding hypertrophic mucosa and multiple erosion was the usual colonoscopic findings. The granulomas were usually located in the just upper and lower portion of muscularis mucosa. The direct smear and culture of the fresh biopsy material showed AFB in 11 (32.4%) and 12 cases (36.4%) respectively. Ziehl-Neelsen staining in serially sectioned slides from formalin-fixed, paraffin- embedded tissue revealed AFB in 15 cases (35.7%). An immunohistochemical stain for Mycobacterium bovis was done in all cases and 13 cases were positive (31%). A polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done and showed positivity in 4 out of 20 cases of fresh biospy material and 12 out of 40 cases in paraffin embedded tissue. For the conclusive diagnosis of intestinal tuberculosis, a Ziehl-Neelsen stain is the most sensitive, fast, and cost-effective method. The diagnostic accuracy will be increased when other diagnostic methods such as tissue culture and PCR are coupled with this simple staining method.
Abdominal Pain ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis* ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Intestines ; Mucous Membrane ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Paraffin ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sputum ; Thorax ; Tuberculosis* ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary ; Ulcer

Authors examined 40,000 minifilms(boys and girls each 10,000 in junior and senior high schools) which were taken for survey of pulmonary tuberculosis for junior and senior high school students and checked the prevalence of scoliosis. It was considered lateral curvature of spine more than 10 degrees as nonpostural scoliosis, which were analyzed prevalence rate, degree of curvature, distribution of size of curvature, pattern of curve and direction of curvature. Following results were obtained. 1. The overall prevalence rate was 1.56; male 1.38. and female 1.70%(Junior high school 1.06%, Senior high school 2.05%). 2. Scoliosis secondary due to bony abnormality was found in 5 cases. 3. The most common pattern of curvature was the thoracic curve. 4. In sihgle curve, right to left ratio was 1.7, especially senior high school girls had more right curve and junior high school boys had more left curve. 5. The prevalence of senior high school students was greater than that of junior high school students and the degree of curvature was also severe in senior high school students than in junior high school students.
Busan ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Prevalence ; Scoliosis ; Spine ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary

The corneal curvatures after circumferential scleral resection were increased in the corneal meridian of scleral resection and were decreased in the corneal meridian perpendicular to scleral resection. After meridional scleral resection, the results of corneal curvature changes were opposite to those of circumferential scleral resection. The changes of corneal curvature were decreased with time.

We did clinical analysis of 72 patients with branched retinal vein occlusion, who were diagnosed by indirect opthalmoscope and fluorescein angiography and treated with laser photocoagulatlon from Jan, 198l to May, l990. The results were as follows; 1. Final visual acuity has a Significant statistical correlation with macular edema in terma of 'quadrant area' 2. We were unable to demonstrate any statistical correlation between final visual acuity and the following factors: degree of nonperfusion, neovascularization type of laser photocoagulatlon, duration of symptoms before laser photocoagulation.
Fluorescein Angiography ; Humans ; Light Coagulation ; Macular Edema ; Retinal Vein Occlusion* ; Retinal Vein* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Visual Acuity

Ramsay Hunt Syndrome was initially described by Ramsay Hunt in 1907 as herpes zoster of the geniculate ganglion. The frequency of RHS in patients with herpes zoster has been calculated to be about 1%. RHS affects mostly adults; however a small number of children with herpes zoster oticus have been reported. We describe a case of RHS in a healthy 39/12-year-old boy. A complete peripheral facial palsy on the left side was noted as well as vesicles of herpes zoster type on the pinna of the same side. The analysis of sera confirmed the clinical diagnosis of RHS with a positive IgG-ELISA antibody titier. Treatment of acyclovir was tried for 7 days, starting 2 days after facial palsy was objerved. In addition, oral prednisolon, divided into two doses per day, was administered for 5 days and then tapered to zero over the following 10 days. Complete recovery observed after 1 month.
Acyclovir ; Adult ; Child ; Diagnosis ; Facial Paralysis ; Geniculate Ganglion ; Herpes Zoster ; Herpes Zoster Oticus ; Humans ; Male

No abstract available.
Glomus Tumor*

PURPOSE: In Korea, there was no specific guidelines for the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We reviewed the practice patterns of Korean urologists in the management of BPH and aimed to describe the need to develop specific guidelines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A probability sample was taken from the Korean Urological Association Registry of Physicians, and a structured questionnaire, that explored practice patterns in the management of BPH, was mailed to a random sample of 251 Korean urologists. RESULTS: For the initial evaluation of BPH, most urologists routinely performed prostatic specific antigen (PSA) (96.4%), digital rectal exam (94.4%), international prostate symptom score (IPSS) (83.2%) and transrectal ultrasound (79.2%). Symptom assessment (36.4%) followed by transrectal ultrasound of prostate (TRUS) (20.0%) was considered as the most important diagnostic examination affecting the decision about individual treatment options. Almost all urologists (92.2%) chose medical treatment as the first-line treatment option for uncomplicated BPH with moderate symptoms. Of the respondents, 57.2% had prescribed alpha blocker and 41.6% alpha blocker plus 5-alpha reductase inhibitors as the medical treatment option for BPH. The prescription of 5-ARIs was dependent on the size of the prostate and the severity of symptoms. CONCLUSION: The results of our current survey provide useful insight into variations in the clinical practice of Korean urologists. They also indicate the need to develop further practical guidelines based on solid clinical data and to ensure that these guidelines are widely promoted and accepted by the urological community.
Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/therapeutic use ; Cholestenone 5 alpha-Reductase/antagonists & inhibitors ; Data Collection ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Prostatic Hyperplasia/*diagnosis/*drug therapy ; Urology/statistics & numerical data