No abstract available.
Conus Snail* ; Hemangioblastoma*

No abstract available.
Conus Snail* ; Hemangioblastoma*

OBJECTIVE: 1) To compare prolactin responses to (and related clinical manifestations of) haloperidol, risperidone, and other atypical antipsychotics (clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, zotepine) with data from previous reports. 2) To investigate the association between changes in serum prolactin levels after the administration of antipsychotics and 44-bp insertion/deletion polymorphism in 5-HT transporter-linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR) in Korean schizophrenics. METHODS: The subjects were 136 patients diagnosed schizophrenic according to the DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia who had taken antipsychotics for at least 3 months. The 136 patients consisted of the following 82 taking haloperidol (48 males and 34 females), 25 taking risperidone (14 males and 11 females), and 29 taking other atypical antipsychotics (18 males and 11 females). We measured serum prolactin concentrations by radioimmunoassay and investigated the clinical manifestations. We examined the genotype distribution and allele frequency of the 5-HTTLPR in all subjects by polymerase chain reaction of genomic DNA with primers flanking the promoter regions of the 5-HTT gene. Chi-square test, ANOVA and tukey test were used for statistical analysis with SAS 8.1 and p values of 0.05 or less were regarded as significant difference. RESULTS: Serum prolactin levels of patients taking haloperidol and risperidone were significantly higher than those taking other atypical antipsychotics (p<0.05). Females showed significantly higher prolactin levels than males (p<0.05). There was no significant difference in the genotype distribution and allele frequency of 5-HTTLPR among groups taking haloperidol, risperidone, and other atypicals. There was also no significant difference in genotype distribution and allele frequency of 5-HTTLPR between male and female schizophrenic patients. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that there was no association between serum prolactin levels after the administration of antipsychotics and 5-HTTLPR polymorphism in Korean schizophrenics.
Antipsychotic Agents* ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; DNA ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genotype ; Haloperidol ; Humans ; Male ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Prolactin* ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Radioimmunoassay ; Risperidone ; Schizophrenia ; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins ; Serotonin*

OBJECTIVE: The authors report a result of application of cervical hollow cage(RABEA(TM)) without bone graft to the patients of one-level cervical spondylosis or acute cervical disc herniation to fill and stabilize a vacant space following anterior decompression. METHODS: Twenty-one patients from May 1999 to April 2001 had been taken procedure with cervical hollow cage system following anterior decompression and there had been no additional bone graft or screw fixation or fusion. Pain relief and clinical outcome were evaluated, and the intervertebral disc height and segmental angle for radiological assessment were examined. All patient were followed up for 12 months at least. RESULTS: The result was excellent in 14 cases(66.7%), good in 6 cases(28.6%) and poor in 1 case(4.8%). In the lateral projection, the mean of preoperative disc height and segmental angle were significantly improved after surgery and maintained during follow-up periods. No abnormal displacement were recorded at dynamic flexion and extension lateral X-ray and no cage rotation or retropulsion was noted in follow-up periods. Three patients(14.3%) was observed to subside of disc height on the postoperative periods and only one of their patients was dissatisfied with surgery. CONCLUSION: Cervical hollow cage is simple to perform and reduces the operation time. Besides clinical improvement, it improves mechanical stability and radiological profile as the physiologic level. The cervical hollow cage might be an alternative to traditional cervical interbody fusion with bone graft.
Decompression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intervertebral Disc ; Postoperative Period ; Spondylosis ; Transplants*

Pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare proliferative disorder that affects synovium, tendon sheath and bursa. Although the condition can present in any joint, knee joint is the most commonly affected site and only 2.5% of cases occur in foot and ankle joint. PVNS occurs in two types: localized and diffuse. Localized type is characterized by focal involvement of the synovium with either nodular or pedunculated masses, Diffuse type affects virtually the entire synovium. Diffuse type has reported more recurrence rate. We have experienced a patient who has diffuse type PVNS of ankle joint and report an optimal method of surgical treatment.
Animals ; Ankle ; Ankle Joint ; Foot ; Humans ; Joints ; Knee Joint ; Recurrence ; Synovial Membrane ; Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular ; Tendons

OBJECTIVE: The author investigated the association between the genotype distribution of 5-HTTLPR and the effects of atypical antipsychotics on serum glucose and lipids in schizophrenic patients. METHODS: Study subjects were 66 schizophrenic patients taking atypical antipsychotics (risperidone, olanzapine, clozapine, quetiapine, zotepine). The control group consisted of 82 schizophrenic patients taking typical antipsychotics (haloperidol). All subjects were medicated for at least 12 weeks. The author examined serum fasting blood sugar (FBS), HbA1c, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and the genotype distribution of 5-HTTLPR in all subjects. The presence of the 5-HTTLPR gene was determined by using polymerase chain reaction of genomic DNA with primers flanking the promoter regions of the 5-HTT gene. Between group comparisons of the genotype distribution and the effects of antipsychotics on the serum glucose and lipid levels were performed by using score test for t-test, one way ANOVA, and chi-square test. RESULTS: There was a significant increase in FBS level in all patients taking atypical antipsychotics except for those treated with risperidone. However, there was no statistically significant correlation between 5-HTTLPR genotype distribution and the effect of atypical antipsychotics on FBS, HbA1c, total cholesterol, and triglyceride serum levels in schizophrenic patients. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that 5-HTTLPR polymorphism has no significant association with the effect of atypical antipsychotics on serum glucose and lipids in Korean schizophrenic patients.
Antipsychotic Agents* ; Blood Glucose* ; Cholesterol ; Clozapine ; DNA ; Fasting ; Genotype ; Humans ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Promoter Regions, Genetic ; Risperidone ; Schizophrenia ; Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins* ; Serotonin* ; Triglycerides

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was comparing the efficacy of passive irrigation (PI) and passive ultrasonic irrigation (PUI) for ability to remove debriment of canals. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mandibular premolars were decoronated and standardized to 16 mm length. After root canal enlargement and half separating longitudinally, standardized groove of 4 mm length, 0.2 mm width and 0.5 mm depth were formed on the dentin wall of one half. Three depressions in the canal wall of the opposite half, 0.3 mm in diameter and 0.5 mm in depth, were formed. After each groove and depression was filled with dentin debris, two sections of each half were reassembled using impression putty material. In group 1 the canals were irrigated with 2.5% NaOCl by PI. In group 2 the canals were irrigated with 2.5% NaOCl by PUI. Before and after root canal irrigation, the root canal wall of the section was taken with a microscope and a digital camera as images. The amount of dentin debris remaining in grooves and depressions was assessed using a scoring system. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between PI and PUI except for the middle 1/3 of the root canal (P = 0.004). CONCLUSION: At the middle 1/3 of the root canal, PUI removed more dentine debris than PI. But the removal efficiency of dentin debris is not significantly different between the PUI and PI at the apical area of root canal in mandibular premolars.
Bicuspid ; Dental Pulp Cavity* ; Dentin ; Depression ; Ultrasonics*

This study surveyed the prevalence of traumatic reticular diseases (TRD) of slaughter cattle in Korea, the typology of the causative foreign bodies and the effects on beef quality and carcass weight. The overall prevalence of TRD in 3,121 slaughter cattle was 5.5%. However, the prevalence was significantly higher in Korea indigenous cattle Hanwoo (5.8%, p < 0.05) and female cattle (20.75%, p < 0.001). The prevalence significantly increased in aged cattle (p < 0.001). Major lesions related to foreign bodies were reticulitis (96%) and peritonitis (86%). Most causative foreign bodies were made of iron including nails, wires, steel rods, screw nails, and syringe needles. Cattle affected with TRD produced significantly lower grade quality of beef compared to normal cattle (p < 0.0001), but TRD did not affect carcass weight. The data will be useful in the management of TRD, with the aim of increasing beef productivity in Korea.
Aged ; Animals ; Cattle ; Efficiency ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; Humans ; Iron ; Korea ; Nails ; Needles ; Peritonitis ; Prevalence ; Steel ; Syringes

A nematode species belonging to the genus Cosmocephalus was collected from the stomach of 2 common gulls, Larus canus. The common gulls were found dead on the seaside of Gangneung City, the Republic of Korea. The worms were identified and classified by light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on the basis of important taxonomic characters. The nematodes were characterized by a body length 9.1-9.3 mm (males) and 15.5-15.9 mm (females) and cordons recurrent in anterior direction and anastomosing laterally at about the level of anterior quarter of the buccal cavity. The salient bicuspid deirids were located on the posterior to the cordons. Lateral alae were well-developed, extending from the level just posterior of deirids to the level about middle of the body. LM and SEM observations identified the worms as C. obvelatus. This is the first reported case of C. obvelatus infection in common gulls in Korea.
Animals ; Charadriiformes/*parasitology ; Female ; Male ; Microscopy ; Republic of Korea ; Spirurida/anatomy & histology/*isolation & purification ; Spirurida Infections/parasitology/*veterinary

A nematode species belonging to the genus Cosmocephalus was collected from the stomach of 2 common gulls, Larus canus. The common gulls were found dead on the seaside of Gangneung City, the Republic of Korea. The worms were identified and classified by light (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) on the basis of important taxonomic characters. The nematodes were characterized by a body length 9.1-9.3 mm (males) and 15.5-15.9 mm (females) and cordons recurrent in anterior direction and anastomosing laterally at about the level of anterior quarter of the buccal cavity. The salient bicuspid deirids were located on the posterior to the cordons. Lateral alae were well-developed, extending from the level just posterior of deirids to the level about middle of the body. LM and SEM observations identified the worms as C. obvelatus. This is the first reported case of C. obvelatus infection in common gulls in Korea.
Animals ; Charadriiformes/*parasitology ; Female ; Male ; Microscopy ; Republic of Korea ; Spirurida/anatomy & histology/*isolation & purification ; Spirurida Infections/parasitology/*veterinary