OBJECTIVE: We previously described that Diva is highly expressed in matured metaphase II (MII) oocytes compared to immature germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes in mouse.1 We report here that the expression of Diva transcript as well as protein is oocyte-specific. To elucidate its physiological role in oocyte, the binding partner(s) of Diva has been identified by using immunoprecipitation (IP) followed by Mass Spectrometry. METHODS: NIH/3T3 cells were transiently transfected for 24 h with either empty vector for control or FLAG-tagged mouse Diva construct, and IP was performed with anti-FLAG antibody. The immuno-isolated complexes were resolved by SDS-PAGE on a 12% gel followed by Coomassie Blue staining. For in-gel digestion, 15 bands of interest were excised manually and digested with trypsin. All mass spectra were acquired at a positive reflector mode by a 4700 Proteomics Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, Framingham, MA). Proteins were identified by searching the NCBI nonredundant database using MASCOT Peptide Mass Fingerprint software (Matrixscience, London). RESULTS: Diva-associated complexes were formed in FLAG-tagged mouse Diva-overexpressed NIH/3T3 cells via IP using anti-FLAG-conjugated beads. Among the excised 15 bands, actin and actin-binding proteins such as tropomyosin, tropomodulin 3, and alpha-actinin were identified. Binding between Diva and actin or tropomyosin was confirmed by IP followed by Western blot analysis. Both bindings were also detected endogenously in mouse ovaries, indicating that Diva works with actin and tropomyosin. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report that immuno-isolated Diva-associated complexes are related to actin filament of the cytoskeletal system. When we consider the association of Diva with actin and tropomyosin, oocyte-specific Diva may play a role in modulating the cytoskeletal system during oocyte maturation.
Actin Cytoskeleton ; Actinin ; Actins ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Dermatoglyphics ; Digestion ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Female ; Immunoprecipitation ; Mass Spectrometry* ; Metaphase ; Mice ; Microfilament Proteins ; Oocytes ; Ovary ; Proteomics ; Tropomodulin ; Tropomyosin ; Trypsin

No abstract available.
Child* ; Hand Injuries* ; Hand* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Eyebrows* ; Eyelids*

No abstract available.
DNA* ; Ploidies*

No abstract available.
Pulmonary Artery*

No abstract available.
Liver*

The evaluation of stereoacuity provides relatively accurate assessment of binocular function. However, it is difficult to perform and also the reliability rate is low in the 2-to 5-year-old age range. We investigated the over-all success rate, the success rate according to age, and efficacy with the Randot preschool stereoacuity and Lang test in the 2-to 5-year-old children of 96 patients. The overall success rate of the two stereotests were 84. 4%, 47. 4%in the 2-year-old children and more than 87%in children over 3-year-old. When children with normal binocular vision were examined with the Randot preschool stereoacuity test, mean stereoacuity was 333 arc sec in the 2-year-age group, 135 arc sec in the 3-year-age group, 48 arc sec in the 4-year-age group, and 50 arc sec in the 5-year-age group. Sensitivity and specificity of Randot preschool stereoacuity test were 100%, 94. 2%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of Lang test were 100%, and 92. 4% respectively. As a result, Randot preschool stereoacuity and Lang stereotests might be considered easy available and valuable test for evaluating binocular function in the 3-to 5-year-old preschool children. Moreover, the Randot preschool stereoacuity provided a relatively accurate measurement of stereoacuity in the 3-to 5-year-old age range.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Telescopes ; Vision, Binocular

Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans(DFSP) is a rare, distinctive cutsneous tumor originating in the dermis that appears as a raised uninodular or multinodular lesion on the trunk or the proximal extremities. In about 10% of the cases, DFSP arises in childhood and it is rarely evident already at birth. Histopathologically, DFSP shows the chsracteristic storiform and cartwheel patterns, with the fibroblasts arranged radially about a small central hub of fibrous tissue. We report herein a case of childhood DFSP in a 7-year-old boy.
Child ; Dermatofibrosarcoma* ; Dermis ; Extremities ; Fibroblasts ; Humans ; Male ; Parturition

In many cases the breast reconstruction surpasses the goal of a normal breast mound appearance in clothing and achieves a result that, in time, may look almost normal in the unclothe state. Breast reconstructions with autologous transverse rectus abdominis myocutaneous (TRAM) flaps are well known to produce the most aesthetically excellent results. the pedicled to TRAM flap cannot be used in high risk patient such as obese or smoking patients due to partial flap necrosis. But, the free TRAM flap have more robust blood supply and less donor site morbidity than the pedicled TRAM flap and is therefore the currently preferred technique in western. However, the free TRAM flaps has a problem related to the anastomotic failure which has been reported as high as 6% to 10%. Moreover many Korean women have smaller sized breast than western women and have no risk factors compromising flap circulation. So the single pedicled TRAM flap can be safely used for breast reconstruction without any flap necrosis. 60% of the elevated flap area has a sufficient volume to mold a new breast that matches with the contralateral breast and the unneccessary distal portion of the flap that has the marginal circulation can be resected. In this study we review our 20 consecutive cases of breast reconstruction using the pedicled TRAM flap and have a conclusion that the pedicled TRAM flap produce an aesthetically acceptable new breast in Korean mastecotmy patients without any flap necrosis or donor site morbidity.
Breast* ; Clothing ; Female ; Fungi ; Humans ; Mammaplasty* ; Necrosis ; Rectus Abdominis* ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Tissue Donors

No abstract available.
Hyperplasia