A case of myxoma of the breast was reported. A 25-year-old woman showed a lump in the left breast which was suddenly enlarged after the delivery of a baby. A tumor measuring 73.53cm was located in the upper outer quadrant of the breast. Fine needle aspiration cytology revealed scattered benign spindle shaped mesenchymal cells with abundant myxoid material. On excision, the tumor was partly solid, partly cystic and multilocular. Each nodule consisted of an abundant mucoid material with a few spindle or stellate mesenchymal cells. Pleomorphism and mitosis were absent. The mesenchymal cells showed immunoreactivities for S-100 protein, smooth muscle actin, and CD34. The myxoid stroma was positively stained with alcian blue and mucicarmine. These findings suggest that constituent cells derive from totipotential primitive mesenchymal cells.
Actins ; Adult ; Alcian Blue ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Breast* ; Female ; Humans ; Mitosis ; Muscle, Smooth ; Myxoma* ; S100 Proteins

No abstract available.
Erythroblastosis, Fetal* ; Infant, Newborn

OBJECTIVE: We previously described that Diva is highly expressed in matured metaphase II (MII) oocytes compared to immature germinal vesicle (GV) oocytes in mouse.1 We report here that the expression of Diva transcript as well as protein is oocyte-specific. To elucidate its physiological role in oocyte, the binding partner(s) of Diva has been identified by using immunoprecipitation (IP) followed by Mass Spectrometry. METHODS: NIH/3T3 cells were transiently transfected for 24 h with either empty vector for control or FLAG-tagged mouse Diva construct, and IP was performed with anti-FLAG antibody. The immuno-isolated complexes were resolved by SDS-PAGE on a 12% gel followed by Coomassie Blue staining. For in-gel digestion, 15 bands of interest were excised manually and digested with trypsin. All mass spectra were acquired at a positive reflector mode by a 4700 Proteomics Analyzer (Applied Biosystems, Framingham, MA). Proteins were identified by searching the NCBI nonredundant database using MASCOT Peptide Mass Fingerprint software (Matrixscience, London). RESULTS: Diva-associated complexes were formed in FLAG-tagged mouse Diva-overexpressed NIH/3T3 cells via IP using anti-FLAG-conjugated beads. Among the excised 15 bands, actin and actin-binding proteins such as tropomyosin, tropomodulin 3, and alpha-actinin were identified. Binding between Diva and actin or tropomyosin was confirmed by IP followed by Western blot analysis. Both bindings were also detected endogenously in mouse ovaries, indicating that Diva works with actin and tropomyosin. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first report that immuno-isolated Diva-associated complexes are related to actin filament of the cytoskeletal system. When we consider the association of Diva with actin and tropomyosin, oocyte-specific Diva may play a role in modulating the cytoskeletal system during oocyte maturation.
Actin Cytoskeleton ; Actinin ; Actins ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Dermatoglyphics ; Digestion ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Female ; Immunoprecipitation ; Mass Spectrometry* ; Metaphase ; Mice ; Microfilament Proteins ; Oocytes ; Ovary ; Proteomics ; Tropomodulin ; Tropomyosin ; Trypsin

No abstract available.
Cleft Lip* ; Congenital Abnormalities*

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in smoking and toothbrushing habits between vocational and general high school students, using data from the 10th Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey. METHODS: This study performed a complex samples cross-tabulation analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify differences in smoking and brushing habits according to the school type on 35,904 students from 400 sample high schools. The final model of logistic regression analysis was adjusted for gender, grade, subjective socioeconomic status, paternal education, and maternal education. RESULTS: The risks of having experienced smoking and current smoking among vocational high school students were 2.3 times and 2.8 times higher compared with general high school students, respectively (P < 0.001). The risks of brushing teeth less than 3 times a day and not brushing teeth after lunch were 1.4 times and 2.0 times higher compared with general high school students, respectively (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests the need for developing and implementing an oral health program that reflects the characteristics of vocational high schools to reduce the differences in smoking and toothbrushing habits between general and vocational high school students.
Adolescent ; Education ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Lunch ; Oral Health ; Risk-Taking ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Social Class ; Tooth ; Toothbrushing

Purpose: We wanted to evaluate the clinical and radiologic results of acetabular revision using the acetabular reinforcement ring and also the allograft impaction in the acetabulum having deficient bone stock. Material and Methods: Nineteen hips revision arthroplasty were performed in 18 patients (9 males and 9 females) with using an acetabular reinforcement ring and allograft between July 1993 and December 2003. The patients were followed for an average of 64 months (range: 24-153). The mean age at the time of arthroplasty was 59 years old (range: 34-76). The causes of revision were aseptic loosening of the acetabular component in 16 cases, severe progressive osteolysis around the acetabular component in 2 cases and Girdlestone state after infected total hip arthroplasty in one case. The acetabular deficiency was type II in 5 hips, type III in 13 hips, and type IV in one hip according to the AAOS classification. The clinical results were evaluated using the modified Harris hip score, and the radiologic results were evaluated by assessing the preoperative and serial follow-up radiographs. Results: The mean preoperative Harris hip score of 47 was improved to 86 points at the latest follow-up. Periacetabular osteolysis was found in 2 cases, which did not progress at follow-up. The anatomic hip center was restored after revision arthroplasty (p<0.05). Complications were dislocation in 2 cases, breakage of the hook of the Ganz ring in one case, heterotopic ossification in one case and femoral artery injury in one case. All cases showed stable fixation of the acetabular component and good remodelling of the impacted allograft. There was neither recurrence of dislocation nor progression of the acetabular component loosening on the radiographs. Conclusion: Acetabular revision with acetabular reinforcement ring and allograft impaction showed satisfactory clinical and radiologic results with restoration of the hip center and consolidation of the allograft.
Acetabulum* ; Allografts* ; Arthroplasty ; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip ; Classification ; Dislocations ; Femoral Artery ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hip ; Humans ; Male ; Ossification, Heterotopic ; Osteolysis ; Recurrence

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the financial and manpower indicators of the oral health care system in Korea and to compare them with six selected countries — the US, Japan, Germany, France, the UK, and Sweden. Methods: It used the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) statistics website and official data sources of the Korean government. Results: In Korea, total oral health care expenditure (TOHCE) per capita was US $ 208, the TOHCE as a share of GDP was 0.5%, the TOHCE as a percentage of total health care spending (THCE) was 6.2%, and the percentage of out-of-pocket payments of TOHCE was 58.8% in 2019. The number of practising dentists per 1,000 population was 0.50 in 2018, and the average annual growth rate since 2000 was 3.3%. Dental specialists as a percentage of practising dentists increased from 0.4% in 2009 to 21.8% in 2020, and the allied dental personnel-to-dentist ratio in dental hospitals and clinics rose from 1.95 in 2013 to 2.34 in 2019. In addition, in 2019, the number of dentists and dental hygienists working in health care institutions or health centers differed distinctly by area;public health dentists accounted for 88% of dentists working at health centers and multiple general dentists were secured in five metropolitans/provinces. Conclusions In the 21st century, the financial and manpower indicators of oral health care in Korea rose significantly, comparable to the six selected countries, although quality limitations remain. In the future, it is expected that these policies in Korea will be enhanced based on the indicators identified in this study.

Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the financial and manpower indicators of the oral health care system in Korea and to compare them with six selected countries — the US, Japan, Germany, France, the UK, and Sweden. Methods: It used the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) statistics website and official data sources of the Korean government. Results: In Korea, total oral health care expenditure (TOHCE) per capita was US $ 208, the TOHCE as a share of GDP was 0.5%, the TOHCE as a percentage of total health care spending (THCE) was 6.2%, and the percentage of out-of-pocket payments of TOHCE was 58.8% in 2019. The number of practising dentists per 1,000 population was 0.50 in 2018, and the average annual growth rate since 2000 was 3.3%. Dental specialists as a percentage of practising dentists increased from 0.4% in 2009 to 21.8% in 2020, and the allied dental personnel-to-dentist ratio in dental hospitals and clinics rose from 1.95 in 2013 to 2.34 in 2019. In addition, in 2019, the number of dentists and dental hygienists working in health care institutions or health centers differed distinctly by area;public health dentists accounted for 88% of dentists working at health centers and multiple general dentists were secured in five metropolitans/provinces. Conclusions In the 21st century, the financial and manpower indicators of oral health care in Korea rose significantly, comparable to the six selected countries, although quality limitations remain. In the future, it is expected that these policies in Korea will be enhanced based on the indicators identified in this study.

OBJECTIVE: The implantation failure after embryo-transfer (ET) is a major continuing problem in in vitro fertilization (IVF). This study was undertaken to determine the effectiveness of intravenous immunoglobulin for treatment of individuals experiencing repeated unexplained in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) failure. METHODS: A total of nine consecutive infertile patients who failed to become pregnant after previous IVF-ET replacing at least three or more normal developed embryos each were included in our study. During the subsequent new IVF-ET cycle, each women received intravenous immunoglobulin 500mg/kg before the embryo transfer. RESULTS: Only one implantation occurred. There were no remarkable side effects. A specific effect of intravenous immunoglobulin for patients with repeated IVF-ET failure could not be demonstrated. CONCLUSION: High-dose intravenous immunoglobulin may not be useful for patients with repeated failure of embryo transfer.
Embryo Transfer ; Embryonic Structures ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Humans ; Immunoglobulins*