No abstract available.
Dental Research* ; Insurance, Health*

No abstract available.
Lymph Nodes* ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed*

No abstract available.
Empyema* ; Lymphoma*

In 1868 Charcot described the join in tabes dorsalis, which since then has been designated as Charcot neuroarthropathy. It is characterized by painless swelling and abnormal mobility of the affected joint. Arthropathy of the type described by Charcot has been associated with various other conditions, such as diabetes mellitus, syringomyelia, injury to nerve root, congenital indfference to pain, leprosy, and intra-articular use of steroid, etc. Authors present a case of Charcot joint which involved the left knee joint associated with pathologic fracture of the left tibia and fibula.
Arthropathy, Neurogenic ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Fibula ; Fractures, Spontaneous ; Joints ; Knee Joint ; Knee ; Leprosy ; Syringomyelia ; Tabes Dorsalis ; Tibia

No abstract available.
Animals ; Evoked Potentials* ; Rats*

PURPOSE: In Korea, there was no specific guidelines for the management of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). We reviewed the practice patterns of Korean urologists in the management of BPH and aimed to describe the need to develop specific guidelines. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A probability sample was taken from the Korean Urological Association Registry of Physicians, and a structured questionnaire, that explored practice patterns in the management of BPH, was mailed to a random sample of 251 Korean urologists. RESULTS: For the initial evaluation of BPH, most urologists routinely performed prostatic specific antigen (PSA) (96.4%), digital rectal exam (94.4%), international prostate symptom score (IPSS) (83.2%) and transrectal ultrasound (79.2%). Symptom assessment (36.4%) followed by transrectal ultrasound of prostate (TRUS) (20.0%) was considered as the most important diagnostic examination affecting the decision about individual treatment options. Almost all urologists (92.2%) chose medical treatment as the first-line treatment option for uncomplicated BPH with moderate symptoms. Of the respondents, 57.2% had prescribed alpha blocker and 41.6% alpha blocker plus 5-alpha reductase inhibitors as the medical treatment option for BPH. The prescription of 5-ARIs was dependent on the size of the prostate and the severity of symptoms. CONCLUSION: The results of our current survey provide useful insight into variations in the clinical practice of Korean urologists. They also indicate the need to develop further practical guidelines based on solid clinical data and to ensure that these guidelines are widely promoted and accepted by the urological community.
Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists/therapeutic use ; Cholestenone 5 alpha-Reductase/antagonists & inhibitors ; Data Collection ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Prostatic Hyperplasia/*diagnosis/*drug therapy ; Urology/statistics & numerical data

BACKGROUND: Propofol and thiopental sodium are short acting drugs and used as intravenous anesthetics for oocyte retrieval. Anesthetics administered during oocyte retrieval can pass into the follicular fluids and exert a detrimental effect on oocyte fertilizability. The aim of this study was to investigate the exposed concentration and time effect of these drugs on fertilization and early embryo development in a mouse in vitro fertilization (IVF) model. METHODS: Mouse oocytes were exposed in vitro to propofol at 0 (control), 0.09, 0.45, 2.3, 4.5microgram/ml and thiopental sodium at 0 (control), 0.2, 1, 5, 10microgram/ml for 10, 30, 60 minutes, washed, and inseminated. Thereafter, fertilization was assessed. Subsequent in vitro development to the hatched embryo was monitored daily. RESULTS: We found a concentration and time dependent toxic effect of propofol on the fertilizability of oocytes and early embryo development. The fertilization rate of mouse oocytes exposed for 30 minutes to medium containing 0.09microgram/ml of propofol was significantly lower than the control. The fertilization and hatching rate of mouse oocytes exposed for 10 minutes to medium containing 0.45microgram/ml of propofol was not lower than the control. We did not find a toxic effect of thiopental sodium on fertilization, but the hatching rate of fertilized oocytes exposed to medium containing thiopental sodium was significantly lower than the control. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that the oocyte retrieval procedure should be done as quickly as possible in order to limit the toxic effect of these anesthetics.
Anesthetics ; Anesthetics, Intravenous ; Animals ; Embryonic Development* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Female ; Fertilization in Vitro ; Fertilization* ; Follicular Fluid ; Mice* ; Oocyte Retrieval ; Oocytes ; Pregnancy ; Propofol* ; Thiopental*

BACKGROUND: Heterophoria has been considered a disqualifying condition to flying performance because heterophoria, when exposed to high altitude hypoxia, becomes heterotropia causing double vision. However, there has been no actual evidence supporting this assumption. We investigated the binocular fusional ability and symptoms in the subjects having heterophorias upon exposure to acute hypobaric hypoxia. METHODS: 15 subjects having heterophorias and 7 normal controls were included. All the subjects had exophoria and 1 subject had exophoria and hyperphoria. High altitude hypobaric hypoxic condition was simulated in a decompression chamber. Using Worth 4 dot test we measured the binocular fusional ability. To analyze the quality of binocular vision, we measured the stereoscopic visual acuity. By comparing the data between subjects and controls, we evaluated the binocular vision and fusional ability of subjects having heterophorias. RESULTS: All the subjects and controls showed no disruption of binocular fusion on Worth 4 dot test upon exposure to hypoxia. On the whole, 7 of 15 subjects and 3 of 7 controls showed decreased level of stereopsis without significant differences between the two groups. There were no differences in binocular vision including fusional ability and stereopsis between the subjects and the controls in acute hypoxic condition. CONCLUSION: The subjects with heterophorias had stable binocular fusional ability resistant to acute hypobaric hypoxia, which showed no difference from the normal controls. Conclusively, we could not find any disadvantage in heterophoric persons with regard to flying performance. Visual standards for aviation personnel regarding heterophorias also need to be more lenient.
Altitude ; Anoxia* ; Aviation ; Decompression ; Depth Perception ; Diplopia ; Diptera ; Exotropia ; Humans ; Telescopes* ; Vision, Binocular ; Visual Acuity

Angioleiomyoma is an uncommon benign tumor composed of smooth muscle cells and vascular endotheliums. It is common in the uterus and the gastrointestinal tract but rare in the head and neck. This neoplasm is extremely rare in the nasal cavity, accounting for less than 1% of all vascular leiomyomas. The tumor has a benign nature and the recurrence of tumor is rare and complete removal is the treatment of choice. We present a case of angioleiomyoma which involves the nasal vestibule and was excised by a sublabial approach.
Accounting ; Angiomyoma ; Endothelium, Vascular ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Head ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Nasal Cavity ; Neck ; Recurrence ; Uterus

PURPOSE: To determine whether intracellular localization of intravenously injected infection specific MoAb can be localized in the infected cells, immunohistochemical staining was obtained in animals infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One mg of intact mouse MoAb against mwobacteria (group I, n=10) and F(ab')2 (group II, n=6) were intravenously injected to the rabbits of each groups infected with M. tuberculosis H37RV. Immunohistochemical staining using an anti-mouse antibody was obtained at the 1,3, 5, 7 and 8th days in Group I and at the 1, 2, 3rd days in group II by streptavidin biotin method. For the control study, I mg of non specific polyclonal human IgG (group III, n=10) and 100 microgram of normal rabbit IgG F(ab')2 (group IV, n=6) were injected to the rabbits and guinea pigs respectively. RESULTS: Both groups (group I & II) showed a positive Ag-Ab reaction within the cytoplasm of monocytes. A weak but positive reaction was observed intracellularly in group III, however no positive reaction in group IV. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest intracellular Ag-Ab reaction plays an important role in the localization of infection by immunoscintigraphy using a specific MoAb fragments.
Animals ; Biotin ; Cytoplasm ; Guinea Pigs ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Mice ; Monocytes ; Mycobacterium tuberculosis ; Rabbits ; Streptavidin ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*