No abstract available.
Hypereosinophilic Syndrome*

Morgagni hernia is an uncommon presentation representing about 3% in incidene and usually located in the right-sided anterior diaphragm. We experienced a case of Morgagni hernia in a seventy four-year-old male who was admitted complaining of intermittent abdominal pain. The diagnosis was made initially by chest and abdominal radiography, and an incarcerated Morgagni hernia was finally diagnosed with abdominal CT scans. Emergent laparotomy was performed. Morgagni foramen was located on the left-sided anterior diaphragm and Morgagni hernia which contained greater omentum and strangulated small intestine was gently reducted. Morgagni foramen measuring 4x5 cm was repaired with a Gortex mesh. We reported the experience of left-sided Morgagni hernia complicating incarcerated small bowel hernia in an old male patient.
Aged ; Hernia, Diaphragmatic/diagnosis/etiology/*radiography ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction/complications/*diagnosis ; *Intestine, Small ; Male ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

A 64-year-old male patient presented with hand numbness and gait disturbance. He had undergone cervical artificial disc replacement (C-ADR) at another hospital nine years earlier. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a protruded disc at the surgical level compressing the spinal cord. The implant and protruded disc were removed. Fusion was then performed. This case report highlights the importance of long-term follow-up of patients who have undergone C-ADR, and the need to be aware of the potential for late complications.In addition, it is important to ensure as complete a disk removal as possible during C-ADR.

BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is associated with metabolic disorders, cardiovascular disease, and mortality; however, its association with depression in the general population remains unknown. Therefore, we investigated this association in Korea. METHODS: This study included 8,958 and 8,518 subjects from the 2010-2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey V-1, 2. The study was restricted to participants > or =20 years of age who had completed the survey, including whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry scans. After exclusion, 7,364 subjects were included in our final analysis. Age was categorized into three groups (20-39, 40-59, and > or =60 years), and subjects were categorized according to their sarcopenic and obesity status. Depression was categorized into three groups (not depressed, depressed, and depression). RESULTS: The sarcopenia group did not have a higher prevalence of depression or depressive symptoms compared to the nonsarcopenia group; the same was true even when obesity was considered. All age groups showed non-significant associations between sarcopenia and depression. In multivariate logistic regression models, no significant associations were observed between sarcopenia and prevalence of depression or depressed symptoms in men and women. CONCLUSION: We found no associations between sarcopenia and the prevalence of depression or depressed symptoms in Korean adults. Future large prospective studies and randomized controlled trials are needed to further assess this relationship.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Adult* ; Aging ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Depression* ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Mortality ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Obesity ; Prevalence ; Prospective Studies ; Sarcopenia*

The serotonin 6(5-HT6) receptor gene is a candidate gene for influencing the clinical response to treatment with antidepressants. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between the C267T polymorphism in the 5-HT6 receptor gene and the treatment response to citalopram in a Korean population with major depressive disorder(MDD). METHODS: Citalopram was administered for 8 weeks to the 90 patients who completed study. 21-item Hamilton depression rating scale(HAMD-21) was used as a outcome measure. RESULTS: We found that the genotype, allele, and allele-carrier distributions did not differ significantly between MDD patients and normal controls. A main effect of an interaction of genotype with time on the decrease in the HAMD-21 score during the 8 weeks study period was not found. ANOVA revealed no significant effects of the C825T polymorphism on the decrease in the HAMD-21 score at each time period. CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that the C267T polymorphism in the 5-HT6 receptor gene is not associated with the treatment response to citalopram.
Alleles ; Antidepressive Agents ; Citalopram* ; Depression ; Depressive Disorder, Major* ; Genotype ; Humans ; Outcome Assessment (Health Care) ; Serotonin

Purpose: The study aimed to identify which digital biomarkers are collected and which specific devices are used according to vulnerable and susceptible individual characteristics in a living-lab setting. Materials and Methods: A literature search, screening, and appraisal process was implemented using the Web of Science, Pubmed, and Embase databases. The search query included a combination of terms related to “digital biomarkers,” “devices that collect digital biomarkers,” and “vulnerable and susceptible groups.” After the screening and appraisal process, a total of 37 relevant articles were obtained. Results: In elderly people, the main digital biomarkers measured were values related to physical activity. Most of the studies used sensors. The articles targeting children aimed to predict diseases, and most of them used devices that are simple and can induce some interest, such as wearable device-based smart toys. In those who were disabled, digital biomarkers that measured location-based movement for the purpose of diagnosing disabilities were widely used, and most were measured by easy-to-use devices that did not require detailed explanations. In the disadvantaged, digital biomarkers related to health promotion were measured, and various wearable devices, such as smart bands and headbands were used depending on the purpose and target. Conclusion As the digital biomarkers and devices that collect them vary depending on the characteristics of study subjects, researchers should pay attention not only to the purpose of the study but also the characteristics of study subjects when collecting and analyzing digital biomarkers from living labs.

In this report, we introduce an undetermined fibrous tumor with calcification occurring in the cerebellopontine angle (CPA). A 51-year-old woman was admitted with a short history of dizziness. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance images revealed a 2x2x2 cm sized mass at the left CPA which was round and calcified. There was no dura or internal auditory canal involvement. At surgery, the tumor was located at the exit of 7th and 8th cranial nerve complex. It was very firm, bright yellow and well encapsulated. Histologic findings revealed that the tumor was predominantly composed of fibrous component, scant spindle cells and dystrophic calcification. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated positive for vimentin and negative for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), S-100 protein, CD34, factor XIIIa and smooth muscle actin. The diagnosis was not compatible with meningioma, schwannoma, metastatic brain tumors, and other fibrous tumors. Although the tumor was resected in total, long term follow-up monitoring is necessary due to the possibility of recurrence.
Actins ; Brain Neoplasms ; Cerebellopontine Angle ; Cranial Nerves ; Dizziness ; Factor XIIIa ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy ; Meningioma ; Middle Aged ; Mucin-1 ; Muscle, Smooth ; Neurilemmoma ; Recurrence ; S100 Proteins ; Vimentin

BACKGROUND: Propofol often causes pain when injected into small peripheral veins, but the pain can be minimized by using a larger vein. This study was designed to determine whether local warming of the injection site and forearm before propofol injection is effective in reducing pain. METHODS: Sixty adult patients undergoing general anesthesia for an elective surgery were randomly allocated to one of two groups. All were unpremedicated and had an 18-gauge cannula inserted into a cephalic vein on the wrist. Patients in group 1 (n = 30) received 1% propofol at room temperature. Patients in group 2 (n = 30) received 1% propofol after local warming (36-37 degrees C) of the injection site and forearm using a forced-air warming system (Bair Hugger(R)). For each patient, the pain during injection of the propofol solution was graded as none, mild, moderate, or severe. RESULTS: Overall the incidence of pain was significantly reduced in group 2 (36.7%) compared with group 1 (66.7%). No patients complained of pain at the injection site and forearm in group 2. However, there was no significant difference in the incidence or severity of pain on the elbow and axilla between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: We found that local warming applied to the injection site (wrist) and forearm before propofol injection is significantly effective in reducing pain at the injection site and forearm, but there was no improvement of pain on the elbow and axilla when injecting.
Adult ; Anesthesia, General ; Axilla ; Catheters ; Elbow ; Forearm* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Propofol ; Veins ; Wrist

PURPOSE: This study was performed to evaluate the impact of microvessel density (MVD), a reflection of tumor angiogenesis, and microvascular invasion (MVI) on the prognosis of patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissue sections of RCC from 81 patients who had undergone radical nephrectomy were stained immunohistochemically for CD34, which decorate endothelial cells, in order to assess MVD and MVI. The immunostaining results of MVD and MVI were compared with the clinicopathological variables. RESULTS: Twenty-two patients had either synchronous or metachronous metastases and fourteen patients died during the follow-up. MVD was significantly correlated with only metastasis (synchronous or metachronous; p=0.020). MVI was significantly correlated with tumor size (p=0.005), TNM stage (p<0.001), T stage (p<0.001), M stage (p=0.001), and metastasis (synchronous or metachronous; p=0.007). MVD was not significantly associated with MVI (p=0.232). The survival rate of patients with higher MVD or MVI-positive tumors was significantly lower than that of patients with lower MVD or MVI-negative tumors, respectively (p<0.0001, p=0.0002). Multivariate analyses indicated that tumor size, M stage and MVI were independent prognostic factors for cancer-specific survival. MVD was not an independent factor. CONCLUSIONS: MVD and MVI were associated with metastasis and a worse prognosis in RCC, which suggests that tumor angiogenesis and MVI may play an important role in the progression of RCC. MVI was an independent prognostic factor for cancer-specific survival.
Carcinoma, Renal Cell* ; Endothelial Cells ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Microvessels ; Multivariate Analysis ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Nephrectomy ; Prognosis ; Survival Rate ; Veins

The Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) is a rare disorder characterized by infantile hypotonia, subsequent obesity with hyperphagia. Hypogonadism, cryptorchidism, delayed psychomotor development, short status, strabismus, myopia, scoliosis, kyphosis and temperature regulation abnormality are other features. The cause of this syndrome is unknown, but a disturbance in the hypothalamus has been postulated because of the various manifestation of the syndrome. The major genetic mechanism giving rise to PWS is a paternal deletion of about the same size in the 15q11-q13 region, that occurs in 70% of the cases. The principal problems related to anesthesia are those that are secondary to the patient's hypoglycemia, skeletal muscle hypotonia and obesity. An 20-month-old boy with PWS was scheduled for surgical correction of bilateral undescended testes. The trachea was intubated with the aid of succinylcholine 7.5 mg intravenous injection. Muscle relaxation was facilitated with intermittent intravenous administration of atracurium (total dose 8 mg). No prolonged effect of muscle relaxants was observed during anaesthesia. High grade fever (38-39 degrees C) was present during anaesthesia.
Administration, Intravenous ; Anesthesia ; Atracurium ; Cryptorchidism ; Fever ; Humans ; Hyperphagia ; Hypoglycemia ; Hypogonadism ; Hypothalamus ; Infant ; Injections, Intravenous ; Kyphosis ; Male ; Muscle Hypotonia ; Muscle Relaxation ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Myopia ; Obesity ; Prader-Willi Syndrome* ; Scoliosis ; Strabismus ; Succinylcholine ; Trachea