Msny clinical and experimental studies trying to elucidate the cause of idiopathic scoliosis have been carried out. There, however, is no established theory to explain it. This paper is aimed at approaching one of various causes of idiopathic scoliosis by producing thoracic scoliosis in growing rabbits with unilateral resection of thoracic spinal nerves. All 43 rabbits were divided into four different groups. The first group(11 rabbits) consisted of rsbbits whose primary anterior and posterior divisions of the unilateral thoracic spinal nerves were resected. The second(11 rabbits) and the third(11 rabbits) were groups of rabbits whose primary anterior and posterior devisions were resected respectively. The fourth(10 rabbits) was the control group. The first group of rsbbits showed the most prominent curvature of the spine. The group of resection of primary posterior division showed less severe scoliosis than the first group but more marked scoliosis than the group of resection of primary anterior division. The biopsy of the denervated muscles included in the scoliosis revealed atrophy. It is concluded from the animal experiments with 43 growing rabbits that unilateral paralysis of the thoracic spinal nerves could be one csuse of iniopathic scoliosis and the primary posterior division of the thoracic spinal nerve contributed to the production of scoliosis more than the primary anterior division.
Animal Experimentation ; Atrophy ; Biopsy ; Muscles ; Paralysis ; Rabbits ; Scoliosis ; Spinal Nerves ; Spine

A secondary cleft lip nasal deformity can be corrected by many procedures including central lip tissue transfer, forked flap, nasal floor and alar base advancement, nasal skin flaps and composite graft. These procedures have been applied for many years, but each one has some conspicuous residual problems. We propose triple V-Y advancement flaps, which we have performed on 13 secondary cleft lip and nasal deformity patients over the past 6 years. The W-shaped triple reverse V-shaped incision easily exposed the alar cartilages. We made the advancement and rotation of the nasal skin flap to lengthen the columella and project the nasal tip. Postoperatively, the columella length and nasolabial angle were found to be increased by an average of 3.7 mm and 42 degrees, respectively. In lateral view, a relatively natural nasal line was achieved. The scar in the nasal tip posed few problems. This procedure should be useful for the correction of the secondary cleft lip nasal deformity.
Cartilage ; Cicatrix ; Cleft Lip* ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Humans ; Lip ; Skin ; Transplants

An 8-year-old female with Tourette Disorder (TD) was treated with a daily oral dosage of 5 mg of aripiprazole, which did not significantly improve her symptoms. After treatment with 10 mg daily for 3 days, she experienced an acute episode of dystonia with facial muscle spasms, opisthotonus, and torticolis. All symptoms resolved after ingestion of a total of 2 mg of benztropine over 2 days. Previously, aripiprazole was considered to cause few anticholinrgic, antiadrenaline, or antihistamine effects or extrapyramidal symptoms. However, extrapyramidal symptoms have now been reported in patients with TD and in adolescent patients with other psychiatric disorders. We reviewed the literature, and to the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of a child TD patient with acute dystonia. Although the recommended treatment largely precludes acute dystonic reaction, aripiprazole has produced this reaction.
Adolescent ; Benztropine ; Child ; Dystonia ; Eating ; Facial Muscles ; Female ; Humans ; Piperazines ; Quinolones ; Spasm ; Tic Disorders ; Tics ; Tourette Syndrome ; Aripiprazole

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to understand the expression of BAG-1 in the human breast cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We studied its expression in one hundred and thirteen patients diagnosed with breast cancer in Dong-A university hospital between 1992 and 1996 by performing immunohistochemical staining with BAG-1 monoclonal antibody. RESULTS: Of the 113 breast carcinoma examined, 62.0% were positive for BAG-1 cyto- plasmic expression, 28.0% were positive for nuclear BAG-1 expression and 9.7% were positive for both BAG-1 cytoplasmic and nuclear expression. The higher histologic grade was correlated with the higher cytoplasmic expression (p<0.05). Except for histologic grade, no correlation was observed between BAG-1 expression and conventional prognostic factors such as age, menopausal status, metastatic status of the axillary lymh nodes, cathepsin-D, p53, C-erbB-2, DNA ploidy, S-phase fraction, PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen). CONCLUSION: The high histologic grade was found to correlate with positive BAG-1 cyto- plasmic staining which did not correlate with conventional prognostic factors. Our data indicate that furthermore investigation is warranted to define the role of BAG-1 as an meaningful prognostic factor in patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast* ; Cytoplasm ; DNA ; Humans ; Ploidies ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen

No abstract available.
Glioblastoma* ; Keratosis, Seborrheic

Williams syndrome is a congenital disorder characterized by mental retardation, loquacious personalities, dysmorphic face, and vascular and valvular abnormalities. The etiology of this syndrome was one allelic loss of elastin gene, exhibiting a submicroscopic deletion, at 7q11.23. Sudden death is an infrequently recognized complication. The mechanism of sudden death is explained by myocardial ischemia, decreased cardiac output, and arrhythmia by anatomical abnormality of coronary artery stenosis and severe biventricular outflow tract obstruction. We report an autopsy case of a 80 day-old male with Williams syndrome. Five days before admission, cardiac murmur was detected incidentally on ascultation at a local clinic during a visit for vaccination. He was transferred to our hospital and cardiac catheterization was done. He died suddenly next day. Postmortem examination revealed a dysmorphic face and multiple cardiovascular abnormalities including supravalvular aortic stenosis with narrowed coronary artery ostia, supravalvular pulmonic stenosis, secundum type of atrial septal defect, right ventricular hypertrophy, and renal artery stenosis. Histologically, aorta and pulmonary, bronchial, and renal arteries showed markedly hyperplastic medial elastic laminae approximately three times thick compared to those of age-matched normal artery. The elastic fibers of the innermost two thirds of media were disposed in a normal orderly parallel fashion. In outer third of the media, the elastic fibers had lost the normal orderly arrangement.
Aorta ; Aortic Stenosis, Supravalvular ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Arteries ; Autopsy* ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Cardiac Output ; Cardiovascular Abnormalities ; Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities ; Coronary Stenosis ; Coronary Vessels ; Death, Sudden ; Elastic Tissue ; Elastin ; Heart Murmurs ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Humans ; Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular ; Infant* ; Intellectual Disability ; Loss of Heterozygosity ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis ; Renal Artery ; Renal Artery Obstruction ; Vaccination ; Williams Syndrome*

Williams syndrome is a congenital disorder characterized by mental retardation, loquacious personalities, dysmorphic face, and vascular and valvular abnormalities. The etiology of this syndrome was one allelic loss of elastin gene, exhibiting a submicroscopic deletion, at 7q11.23. Sudden death is an infrequently recognized complication. The mechanism of sudden death is explained by myocardial ischemia, decreased cardiac output, and arrhythmia by anatomical abnormality of coronary artery stenosis and severe biventricular outflow tract obstruction. We report an autopsy case of a 80 day-old male with Williams syndrome. Five days before admission, cardiac murmur was detected incidentally on ascultation at a local clinic during a visit for vaccination. He was transferred to our hospital and cardiac catheterization was done. He died suddenly next day. Postmortem examination revealed a dysmorphic face and multiple cardiovascular abnormalities including supravalvular aortic stenosis with narrowed coronary artery ostia, supravalvular pulmonic stenosis, secundum type of atrial septal defect, right ventricular hypertrophy, and renal artery stenosis. Histologically, aorta and pulmonary, bronchial, and renal arteries showed markedly hyperplastic medial elastic laminae approximately three times thick compared to those of age-matched normal artery. The elastic fibers of the innermost two thirds of media were disposed in a normal orderly parallel fashion. In outer third of the media, the elastic fibers had lost the normal orderly arrangement.
Aorta ; Aortic Stenosis, Supravalvular ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Arteries ; Autopsy* ; Cardiac Catheterization ; Cardiac Catheters ; Cardiac Output ; Cardiovascular Abnormalities ; Congenital, Hereditary, and Neonatal Diseases and Abnormalities ; Coronary Stenosis ; Coronary Vessels ; Death, Sudden ; Elastic Tissue ; Elastin ; Heart Murmurs ; Heart Septal Defects, Atrial ; Humans ; Hypertrophy, Right Ventricular ; Infant* ; Intellectual Disability ; Loss of Heterozygosity ; Male ; Myocardial Ischemia ; Pulmonary Valve Stenosis ; Renal Artery ; Renal Artery Obstruction ; Vaccination ; Williams Syndrome*

Epithelium ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Lymphangiectasis ; Lymphangioma ; Lymphatic Vessels ; Male ; Molar, Third ; Salivary Glands ; Salivary Glands, Minor ; Tooth Extraction ; Young Adult

Acinar Cells ; Biopsy ; Carcinoma, Acinar Cell ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Male ; Maxillary Sinus ; Middle Aged ; Odontogenic Tumors ; Recurrence

Acute scrotal pain is a common clinical symptom of urinary system and there are various causes. Among them, thrombosis of testicular vein is rare, but one of the causes of acute scrotal pain. Thrombosis is a common disease that can occur anywhere in our body. But thrombosis of testicular vein has not been reported in Korea. We report a case of thrombosis of testicular vein in a 26-years-old man with acute scrotal pain.