Effect of Cefadroxil monohydrate was evaluated on 37 patients with urinary tract infection in our department during past 6 months periods. Cefadroxil was given Orally at a dose of 1.0 gm - 3.0 gm bid per day for 3 - 15 days and following results were obtained. 1. Excellent or good results was observed in 31 out of 34 patients in whom complete follow up study were done, giving success rate of 91.2%. 2. Therapeutic effects were obtained in 10 out of 11 patients with urethritis and all patients with cystitis and pyelonephritis, but not in 1 with urethritis, 1 with prostatitis and 1 out of 9 urinary tract infections with predisposing factors. 3. In this clinical settings, Cefadroxil was effective against E. coli infection in 10 patients, mixed infection in 2 and Staphylococcus aureus infection in 5. However it was ineffective against Serratia infection in 1 patient and Staphylococcus infection in 1. 4. As to the side effects, only mild dizziness was observed in 2 patient.
Causality ; Cefadroxil* ; Coinfection ; Cystitis ; Dizziness ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Prostatitis ; Pyelonephritis ; Serratia Infections ; Staphylococcus ; Staphylococcus aureus ; Urethritis ; Urinary Tract Infections* ; Urinary Tract*

No abstract available.
Sperm-Ovum Interactions* ; Spermatozoa*

Medial medullary syndrome is a clinical disorder charactenzed by ipsilateral paralysis of tongue and contralateral hemiparalysis and contralateral hemisensory disturbance of vibration or position but face sparing. The syndrome is ususlly due to lesion of medial medulla oblongata. Involved structures are pyramid, hypoglossal nucleus, medial lemniscus and/or medial longitudinal fasciculus. We present 1 case of medial medullary syndrome with MRI finding, which showed infarction of left medial medulla oblongata.
Infarction ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Medulla Oblongata ; Paralysis ; Tongue ; Vibration

PURPOSE: To introduce and assess the results of punctoplasty using a radiofrequency surgical unit for punctal stenosis. METHODS: Patients who complained of epiphora, had an intact lacrimal pathway below puncti, and underwent punctoplasty with the Ellman Surgitron F.F.P.F were evaluated in the present study. RESULTS: A total of 19 patients (31 eyes) were included in the study. The average age was 55 years (+/-15.7 years). At the last follow-up visit, 27 eyes (87%) had patent puncti, 1 eye became stenotic again, and 3 eyes were completely obstructed. Twenty-two eyes (71%) showed almost complete disappearance of dye on the fluorescein dye-disappearance test (FDDT). Twenty-five eyes (81%) had symptomatic improvement. No significant complication was reported postoperatively. CONCLUSIONS: Punctoplasty with a radiofrequency surgical unit is a simple and effective method for punctal stenosis.
Constriction, Pathologic ; Eye ; Fluorescein ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases

Objectives: The purpose of this research was to examine differences between clinical variables among outpatients with schizophrenia in competitive and partial employed and unemployed groups. Methods: The study subjects were 168 outpatients with schizophrenia, and these were divided into three groups, that is, competitive (n=20), partial (n=28), and unemployed (n=120) groups, based on employment status. Job and psychopathology data were collected by interview and using self-report questionnaires (self-stigma, will to recover, family attitude, perceived social support, insight into disease, self-esteem, hopelessness, and attitude to drugs). Results: The proportion of male patients in the competitive employment group was greater than in the partial or unemployed groups. Education level was significantly higher, and the number of hospitalizations was significantly lower in the competitive group than in the unemployed group.Levels of self-stigma, will to recover, and perceived social support were significantly higher, and levels of self-esteem and hopelessness were significantly lower in the competitive and partial employment groups than in the unemployed group. Patients in these two groups also reported a more positive family attitude, more insight into the disease, and a more positive attitude toward drugs than patients in the unemployed group. Conclusion Most clinical variables were similar in the competitive and partial employment groups.The findings of this study suggest environmental and systematic factors are more important for the employment of outpatients with schizophrenia than disease-associated factors.

OBJECTIVE: To compare two testing protocols for evaluating range of motion (ROM) changes in the preloaded cadaveric spines implanted with a mobile core type Charite(TM) lumbar artificial disc. METHODS: Using five human cadaveric lumbosacral spines (L2-S2), baseline ROMs were measured with a bending moment of 8 Nm for all motion modes (flexion/extension, lateral bending, and axial rotation) in intact spine. The ROM was tracked using a video-based motion-capturing system. After the Charite(TM) disc was implanted at the L4-L5 level, the measurement was repeated using two different methods : 1) loading up to 8 Nm with the compressive follower preload as in testing the intact spine (Load control protocol), 2) loading in displacement control until the total ROM of L2-S2 matches that when the intact spine was loaded under load control (Hybrid protocol). The comparison between the data of each protocol was performed. RESULTS: The ROMs of the L4-L5 arthroplasty level were increased in all test modalities (p < 0.05 in bending and rotation) under both load and hybrid protocols. At the adjacent segments, the ROMs were increased in all modes except flexion under load control protocol. Under hybrid protocol, the adjacent segments demonstrated decreased ROMs in all modalities except extension at the inferior segment. Statistical significance between load and hybrid protocols was observed during bending and rotation at the operative and adjacent levels (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: In hybrid protocol, the Charite(TM) disc provided a relatively better restoration of ROM, than in the load control protocol, reproducing clinical observations in terms of motion following surgery.
Arthroplasty ; Cadaver ; Chimera ; Displacement (Psychology) ; Humans ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Spine ; Track and Field

Carrier woman of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) can mimic the inflammatory myositis in presenting symptoms. Two diseases should be differentiated by the clinical history, muscle biopsy and genetic study. There are few reports in which both histochemical and genetic study showed the possible link of overlapping inflammatory pathophysiology with dystrophinopathy. We report a 40-yr-old woman who presented with subacute proximal muscle weakness and high serum level of creatine kinase. She had a history of Graves' disease and fluctuation of serum liver aminotransferase without definite cause. MRI, EMG and NCV were compatible with proximal muscle myopathy. Muscle biopsy on vastus lateralis showed suspicious perifascicular atrophy and infiltration of mono-macrophage lineage cells complicating the diagnosis. Dystrophin staining showed heterogeneous diverse findings from normal to interrupted mosaic pattern. Multiple ligation probe amplification and X chromosome inactivation test confirmed DMD gene deletion mutation in exon 44 and highly skewed X inactivation.
Adult ; Creatine Kinase/blood ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Dystrophin/metabolism ; Echocardiography ; Exons ; Female ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Muscle Weakness ; Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne/*diagnosis/genetics/pathology ; Myositis/diagnosis/genetics/pathology ; Transaminases/blood

PURPOSE: Chronic rejection accounts for the majority of late renal graft losses and there is good evidence that both immunologic and non-immunologic factors are important in late graft loss. The hyperfiltration hypothesis postulates that kidneys with reduced renal mass will progress toward failure due to hypertrophy of the remaining nephron to meet the excess metabolic demand, eventually leading to nephron exhaustion. The impact of metabolic demand and renal mass supply on the early graft function, especially hyperfiltration phenomenon, remains uncertain. METHODS: In this study, we analyzed age, gender, body weight, height, body surface area (BSA), lean body weight (LBW), and serum creatinine (SCr) of both donors and recipients. We weighed the donated kidney and measured the recipient's SCr and LBW for six months postoperatively. Modified Cockcroft-Gault Equation standardized for BSA was used to calculate renal glomerular filtration rate (CrCl, mL/min/1.73 m2). The variables and the CrCl of the 3rd day and 6th month were analyzed with accordance to donor/recipient LBW ratio(D/R LBW) and graft weight/recipient LBW (GW/RLBW) by independent sample t-test and paired t-test using SPSS, and P<.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: The means of the 3rd day and 6th month CrCl were 76.90+/-24.35 and 73.41+/-10.80, respectively and there were no statistical differences (P=0.340). In D group (D/R LBW>1), the 3rd day and 6th month CrCl were 80.82+/-28.74 and 71.66+/-12.12, respectively. In R group (D/R LBW< or =1), the 3rd day and 6th month CrCl were 69.94+/-12.06 and 75.80+/-7.24, respectively. D group CrCl was decreased (P=0.093) and R group CrCl was increased slightly (P=0.169) during the study period, but there was no statistical significance. In H group (GW/RLBW>3), the 3rd day CrCl was 86.08+/-25.13, which was significantly decreased to 73.48+/-11.64 at the 6th month (P=0.023). In L group (GW/RLBW< or =3), the 3rd day and 6th month CrCl were 66.95+/-19.94 and 73.34+/-10.60 (P=0.158), respectively. the 3rd day CrCl of H group was higher than that of L group significantly (P=0.047), but 6th month CrCl showed no difference between the two groups (P=0.975). CONCLUSIONS: The 3rd day CrCl represents early graft function well. GW/RLBW has a strong correlation with early graft function. In L group with low early graft function, CrCl was tended to be increased to meet the metabolic demand for following the 6 months. Conversely, in H group with high early graft function, CrCl was decreased to reduce the excess graft function. So the 6th month CrCl represents adapted graft function. In this study, therefore, we postulate that the hyperfiltration or hypofiltration develops according to metabolic demand and renal mass supply.
Body Height ; Body Weight ; Creatinine ; Glomerular Filtration Rate ; Humans ; Hypertrophy ; Kidney ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Living Donors* ; Nephrons ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants*

Unstable fractures of the proximal humerus should be treated with precise reduction and stable fixation, and early joint motion should be permitted. But stable fixation of the proximal humerus is frequently difficult to obtain in older patients due to osteoporosis and fracture comminution. We treated one case of a segmental comminuted fracture of the proximal humerus with severe osteoporosis with a method of inlay fibular autograft and fixation with a helical locking compression plate (LCP). Stable fixation was obtained, so early motion of the shoulder joint was permitted. The fracture was healed in 12 weeks after the operation without loss of fixation and there were no problems at the donor site of the fibula. Functional recovery of the shoulder was satisfactory. The result of Neer's functional score was 87 points (satisfactory) and Constant score was 83 points.
Autografts* ; Fibula ; Fractures, Comminuted* ; Humans ; Humerus* ; Inlays* ; Joints ; Osteoporosis ; Shoulder ; Shoulder Joint ; Tissue Donors

PURPOSE: evaluate the effectiveness of minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO) in unstable fractures of the distal tibia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: From March 2001 to December 2003, 21 cases with unstable fractures of the distal tibia were treated with MIPO technique and followed for at least one year. Eighteen cases were extra-articular and three cases were intra-articular fractures. According to AO classification, six cases were 42-A, four 42-B, one 42-C, seven 43-A, and three 43-C. There was only one case of Gustilo-Anderson type II open fracture. We reviewed the results of fracture healing, axial and rotational deformity, ankle motion, and complications RESULTS: All fractures were healed in an average of 16.1 weeks (range, 11 to 24 weeks). There was only one case of 7-degree posterior angular deformity, but no cases of rotational malalignment. Recovery of ankle motion was satisfactory in all patients within 5-degree loss of motion. Subcutaneous abscess was developed in one case after fracture healing and cured by a drainage with implant removal. CONCLUSION: Although MIPO technique is technically more demanding than the traditional open technique, MIPO technique is an effective method for unstable fractures of the distal tibia because it minimizes incidence of soft-tissue compromise and infection and provides good fracture healing.
Abscess ; Ankle ; Classification ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Drainage ; Fracture Healing ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intra-Articular Fractures ; Tibia*