Hydrogen sulfide poisoning is frequently encountered in the workplace. Two workers lost their consciousness in an underground tank at a factory producing paper. The tank contained liquid mixture of used paper, sodium oxygenate chloride(NaOC1), and sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate(NaSO3 5H90). A worker(worker A; 36-year-old man) entered tank to remove sludge. When worker A lost his consciousness, worker B entered the tank to rescue worker A, however he lost consciousness inside the tank. We discuss in detail the clinical features of this condition. Hydrogen sulfide poisonings have occurred in industries involving petroleum refining, the manufacture of heavy water, tanning of hides, vulcanization of rubber, and the manufacture of rayon. And it is necessary to stress the health education for workers and managers in these industries.
Adult ; Consciousness ; Deuterium Oxide ; Health Education ; Humans ; Hydrogen Sulfide* ; Hydrogen* ; Oxygen ; Petroleum ; Poisoning* ; Rescue Work ; Rubber ; Sewage ; Sodium ; Tanning ; Triacetoneamine-N-Oxyl

There are several methods for diagnosis of leprosy, including AFB stain, the measurement of PGL-1 (phenolic glycolipid - 1) antigen titer, and DNA-PCR. In this study, we have used the DNA-PCR amplifying the RLEP repetitive sequence. Our result showed that the RLEP primer offered the more sensitive detection and identification of M. leprae DNA in clinical specimens, compared with the other primer, for example, 18-kDa antigen gene. To screen the resistant M. leprae strain of MDT (Multi-Drug Therapy), we have used the TD (Touch-Down) PCR. We arranged and amplified sequences of the genes, folP, rpoB, gyr, 23S rRNA, in M. leprae involved in MDT-resistance, and could obtain the PCR product each gene, simultaneously. This method, based on annealing temperature, was useful to the detection for diagnosis and the screen of MDT-resistant strain of M. leprae, rapidly. Thus, we suggest that the RLEP primer and TD-PCR method are effective in assessing the diagnosis of leprosy and the identification of drug-resistant M. leprae.
Diagnosis* ; DNA ; Leprosy* ; Polymerase Chain Reaction* ; Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid

OBJECTIVE: To investigate pathologic discrepancies between colposcopy-directed biopsy (CDB) of the cervix and loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) in women with cytologic high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs).METHODS: We retrospectively identified 297 patients who underwent both CDB and LEEP for HSILs in cervical cytology between 2015 and 2018, and compared their pathologic results. Considering the LEEP to be the gold standard, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of CDB for identifying cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grades 2 and 3, adenocarcinoma in situ, and cancer (HSIL+). We also performed age subgroup analyses.RESULTS: Among the study population, 90.9% (270/297) had pathologic HSIL+ using the LEEP. The diagnostic performance of CDB for identifying HSIL+ was as follows: sensitivity, 87.8%; specificity, 59.3%; balanced accuracy, 73.6%; positive predictive value, 95.6%; and negative predictive value, 32.7%. Thirty-three false negative cases of CDB included CIN2,3 (n=29) and cervical cancer (n=4). The pathologic HSIL+ rate in patients with HSIL− by CDB was 67.3% (33/49). CDB exhibited a significant difference in the diagnosis of HSIL+ compared to LEEP in all patients (p<0.001). In age subgroup analyses, age groups <35 years and 35–50 years showed good agreement with the entire data set (p=0.496 and p=0.406, respectively), while age group ≥50 years did not (p=0.036).CONCLUSION: A significant pathologic discrepancy was observed between CDB and LEEP results in women with cytologic HSILs. The diagnostic inaccuracy of CDB increased in those ≥50 years of age.
Adenocarcinoma in Situ ; Biopsy ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; Cervix Uteri ; Colposcopy ; Conization ; Dataset ; Diagnosis ; Early Detection of Cancer ; Female ; Humans ; Papanicolaou Test ; Retrospective Studies ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Squamous Intraepithelial Lesions of the Cervix ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

OBJECTIVE: To investigate pathologic discrepancies between colposcopy-directed biopsy (CDB) of the cervix and loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) in women with cytologic high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSILs). METHODS: We retrospectively identified 297 patients who underwent both CDB and LEEP for HSILs in cervical cytology between 2015 and 2018, and compared their pathologic results. Considering the LEEP to be the gold standard, we evaluated the diagnostic performance of CDB for identifying cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) grades 2 and 3, adenocarcinoma in situ, and cancer (HSIL+). We also performed age subgroup analyses. RESULTS: Among the study population, 90.9% (270/297) had pathologic HSIL+ using the LEEP. The diagnostic performance of CDB for identifying HSIL+ was as follows: sensitivity, 87.8%; specificity, 59.3%; balanced accuracy, 73.6%; positive predictive value, 95.6%; and negative predictive value, 32.7%. Thirty-three false negative cases of CDB included CIN2,3 (n=29) and cervical cancer (n=4). The pathologic HSIL+ rate in patients with HSIL− by CDB was 67.3% (33/49). CDB exhibited a significant difference in the diagnosis of HSIL+ compared to LEEP in all patients (p<0.001). In age subgroup analyses, age groups <35 years and 35–50 years showed good agreement with the entire data set (p=0.496 and p=0.406, respectively), while age group ≥50 years did not (p=0.036). CONCLUSION A significant pathologic discrepancy was observed between CDB and LEEP results in women with cytologic HSILs. The diagnostic inaccuracy of CDB increased in those ≥50 years of age.

PURPOSE: To report the effectiveness of Minocin sclerotherapy in the treatment of renal cysts. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We performed minocin sclerotherapy to 19 patients with 21 renal cysts composed of 17 cases of solitary renal cyst and three cases of multiple renal cyst and one case of polycystic kidney comfirmed by ultrasound and CT. After aspiration of cyst fluid, if the amount was less than 50ml, 500mg of minocin was mixed with 3ml of normal saline,if more than 50ml, 1000mg of minocin mixed with 5ml of normal saline were injected, and each case was followed-up over 3 months by ultrasound. RESULTS: Of all 21 renal cysts, 14 cases were followed-up three months after minocin sclerotherapy. In 12 of 14 cases, the size of the cysts decreased by 10% or collapsed completely. Of the remaining two cases, one collapsed after 6 months while the other recurred after 6months. Three cases were followed up after 20 months and only one of them recurred. 19 of all 21 cases(91%) were cured, and two of 21 cases(9%) were recurred. Pain was the only complaint. and four of 10'cases needed analgesics. CONCLUSION: Sclerotherapy with minocin has low recurrence-rate and low complication, and relatively early high cure-rate.
Analgesics ; Cyst Fluid ; Humans ; Minocycline* ; Polycystic Kidney Diseases ; Sclerotherapy* ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the influence of the platform switching concept on an implant system and peri-implant bone using three-dimensional finite element analysis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Two three-dimensional finite element models for wide platform and platform switching were created. In the wide platform model, a wide platform abutment was connected to a wide platform implant. In the platform switching model, the wide platform abutment of the wide platform model was replaced by a regular platform abutment. A contact condition was set between the implant components. A vertical load of 300 N was applied to the crown. The maximum von Mises stress values and displacements of the two models were compared to analyze the biomechanical behavior of the models. RESULTS: In the two models, the stress was mainly concentrated at the bottom of the abutment and the top surface of the implant in both models. However, the von Mises stress values were much higher in the platform switching model in most of the components, except for the bone. The highest von Mises values and stress distribution pattern of the bone were similar in the two models. The components of the platform switching model showed greater displacement than those of the wide platform model. CONCLUSION: Due to the stress concentration generated in the implant and the prosthodontic components of the platform switched implant, the mechanical complications might occur when platform switching concept is used.
Crowns ; Dental Implant-Abutment Design ; Dental Implants ; Finite Element Analysis*

Segmentalization of spinal fixation enhances correction of the coronal plane deformity and allows preservation of normal sagittal contour offering rigid fixation. Purpose of this paper was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of segmental pedicle screw fixation in the treatment of idiopathic thoracic scoliosis. From 1987 to 1991, 78 idiopathic thoracic scoliosis patients were treated with CD instrumentation. Thirty-one were treated with hooks, 23 with pedicle screws inserted in hook pattern and 24 with segmental pedicle screws. In segmental screw group, the screws were inserted for every other on the convex side. After follow up of minimum 2 years(range:24 to 52 months), the results of coronal, sagittal and rotational correction were compared. Major curve correction was 55% with hooks, 66% with hook pattern screws and 72% with segmental screws, with loss of correction of 6%, 2% and 1% respectively. Compensatory curve correction was 57% with hooks, 67% with hook pattern screws and 70% with segmental screws. In patients with hypokyphosis, all groups showed significant improvement, with best restoration in segmental screws. Rotational correction of the apical vertebra was 19% with hooks, 26% with hook pattern screws and 59% with segmental screws. Thirteen(3%) screws were malpositioned but they did not cause neurologic impairment nor adversely affect the results of treatment. This study implies that the segmental pedicle screw fixation is safe and effective method of correcting the triplanar deformity of the thoracic idiopathic scoliolis.
Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Methods ; Pedicle Screws ; Scoliosis ; Spine

Sarcoidosis is an idiopathic, multisystem disease that rarely involves the genitourinary tract. Here we present an unusual case of testicular sarcoidosis with extensive lymphadenopathy that mimicked a metastatic testicular tumor. A 27-year-old male presented with a palpable right testicular mass accompanied by multiple palpable inguinal lymph nodes. The scrotal ultrasound showed a hypoechoic lesion at the inferior portion of the right testis. Extensive enlarged lymph nodes were noted in multiple areas on the abdominal computed tomography. Preoperative testicular tumor markers were within the normal range. Exploration of the right testis with a frozen section analysis of the right testicular mass and of a palpable right inguinal lymph node showed granulomatous inflammation. The testis was salvaged and the final pathological diagnosis was sarcoidosis. Treatment with high-dose corticosteroids resulted in complete resolution of the intratesticular mass and a significant decrease in the extent of the lymphadenopathy.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Adult ; Frozen Sections ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Lymph Nodes ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Male ; Reference Values ; Sarcoidosis ; Steroids ; Testicular Neoplasms ; Testis ; Biomarkers, Tumor

PURPOSE: Complications are quite common in surgery to correct spinal deformities due to the long duration under anesthesia and massive blood loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the effectiveness of Aprotinin in spinal deformity surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-nine patients who underwent spinal deformity surgery were analyzed. Thirty-two patients were administered Aprotinin, and 27 control patients were not. The Pre- and Post- operative hemoglobin and hematocrit, blood loss, transfusion requirements, operative time, postoperative blood loss through suction drains and duration of suction drains were measured in both groups. RESULTS: There were no differences in age, gender, height, weight, hemodynamic indices, postoperative blood loss through the suction drains and the duration of the suction drains between the two groups. Intraoperative blood loss, transfusion and operative time were 1,345+/-425 cc, 1,008+/-721 cc, and 247 minutes in the Aprotinin (+) group and 2,070+/-1,276 cc, 2,552+/-2,791 cc, and 279 minutes in the Aprotinin (-) group, respectively. The postoperative hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were also significantly different (12.9+/-1 cc and 38.3+/-3.1% in the Aprotinin (+) group, and 11.9+/-1.8 cc and 35+/-5.5% in the Aprotinin (-) group, respectively). CONCLUSION: There was significantly less intraoperative blood loss, transfusion and surgery time in the group administered Aprotinin. Therefore, Aprotinin can be used in spinal deformity surgery that has a high risk of massive blood loss.
Anesthesia ; Aprotinin* ; Congenital Abnormalities* ; Hematocrit ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Operative Time ; Postoperative Hemorrhage ; Suction

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between motor evoked potentials (MEPs) or somatosensory evoked potentials (SSEPs) and the recovery of function in acute or subacute stroke patients. METHOD: Twenty one hemiplegic stroke patients were examined with MEPs of extensor carpi radialis, abductor pollicis brevis, tibialis anterior and abductor hallucis and SSEPs of median and tibial nerves. A separate score was defined for upper and lower extremities within the Fugl-Meyer assessment and Korean-modified Barthel index. Motor performances were evaluated simultaneously with the evoked potential assessments and at 2 weeks after the first examination. RESULTS: The second motor function of upper extremity was significantly higher in patients with the presence of MEP or SSEP (p<0.05). The improvement of self care was correlated with the responsiveness in SSEP. Motor function of lower extremity was significantly associated with the responsiveness in MEP or SSEP (p>0.05). MEP in tibialis anterior or tibial SSEP were correlated with the mobility. CONCLUSION: MEP in tibialis anterior is useful in predicting in mobility after stroke. SSEP is predictive for activities in daily living after stroke.
Activities of Daily Living ; Evoked Potentials ; Evoked Potentials, Motor ; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Recovery of Function ; Self Care ; Stroke ; Tibial Nerve ; Upper Extremity