Tooth wear is a physiologic process, but when accelerated by specific factors, it is considered pathologic wear, leading various issues that require prosthodontic intervention. Full-mouth prosthetic rehabilitation is often considered to restore adequate vertical dimension and esthetics for patients with severely worn dentition.However, a minimally invasive prosthodontic approach through multidisciplinary collaboration may be feasible for patients with localized anterior or posterior wear. This clinical case addressed the treatment for excessive anterior deep bites and pathologic wear of the anterior teeth, leading to deteriorated esthetics and function. Orthodontic extrusion was employed in the posterior teeth to increase the vertical dimension of occlusion and secure adequate space for the anterior restorations. A minimally invasive treatment was possible by limiting the scope of treatment to the anterior region. As a result, function and esthetics were improved by restoring only the teeth with pathologic wear without removing healthy tooth structure.

Patients with ectodermal dysplasia often have atrophied alveolar bone and an inadequate maxillomandibular relationship owing to congenital edentulism.Accurate implant placement that can overcomes anatomical limitations and orthognathic surgery to improve the maxillomandibular relationship is necessary for creating implant-supported prosthesis for these patients. Implant placement and provisional prosthesis fabrication before orthognathic surgery can provide critical fixed reference points and ensure accuracy during orthognathic surgery.In our patient, a digital system was used to design a surgical guide that considered the predictable position of the definitive prosthesis, allowing the placement of implants to overcome anatomical limitations and the creation of fixed reference points via the delivery of a provisional prosthesis for effective orthognathic surgery. The lack of compensation during orthognathic surgery was considered in the definitive prosthesis. As a result, a prosthesis with a minimal anterior cantilever was fabricated. This study aimed to determine the appropriate sequence of multidisciplinary collaborations that would, result in the best functional and aesthetic outcomes.

Obesity is a major risk factor for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and contributes through multiple pathophysiological pathways, including systemic inflammation, neurohormonal activation, and mechanical inhibition. The treatment of obesity has shown significant potential for improving HFpEF outcomes. Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors have emerged as effective treatments for improving symptoms and quality of life in patients with HFpEF while aiding in weight control. Furthermore, a recent demonstration of the clinical benefits of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RAs) in HFpEF showed promising results in reducing weight loss, and improving symptoms and clinical outcomes. In this review article, we discuss the association between HFpEF and obesity, the emerging role of GLP-1 RAs, and future directions for medical therapies targeting obesity-associated HFpEF.

This paper develops a new model for forecasting potential shortfalls in the healthcare sector, providing an economically grounded framework for projections. The model is applied to assess potential doctor shortages in South Korea over the next decade under reasonable economic scenarios. Our analysis indicates that demand for healthcare, driven by aging-related factors, is projected to grow at an annual rate of 1.3% to 1.9%. In contrast, the supply of healthcare—bolstered by technological advancements, improved medical equipment, and natural growth in the doctor workforce—is expected to increase by 3.2% annually. These findings suggest that South Korea’s healthcare system is likely to meet future demand without necessitating an expansion of medical school admissions.

Purpose: To identify the risk factors and effect of empirical glycopeptide on the failure of single arthroscopic debridement for septic knee arthritis in a native knee joint. Materials and Methods: Patients who underwent arthroscopic debridement for septic knee arthritis from March 2005 to December 2022 at one institution were included in this study. Demographic data, comorbidities, preoperative factors including history of previous surgery, history of injection, laboratory data including preoperative C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cell (WBC) count, isolated pathogens from synovial fluid culture, and Gachter stage were analyzed. Statistical analyses using univariate and logistic regression were performed. Results: Out of 132 patients, 17 patients (12.9%) had more than one additional arthroscopic debridement. History of diabetes mellitus (DM) (p<0.001), previous injection (p=0.041), isolated Staphylococcus aureus in synovial fluid (p=0.010), and high Gachter stage (p=0.002) were identified as risk factors, whereas age, history of previous knee surgery at the affected knee, CRP level, preoperative WBC, and preoperative neutrophil count of synovial fluid had no significant relation. Logistic regression analysis showed significant increase of risk in patients with DM [odds ratio (OR) 12.002, 95% confidence interval (CI) 3.243–44.418, p<0.001], previous injection history (OR 4.812, 95% CI 1.367–16.939, p=0.017), and isolation of Staphylococcus aureus in synovial fluid (OR 4.804, 95% CI 1.282–18.001, p=0.031) as independent risk factors for failure of infection eradication after single arthroscopic debridement. Conclusion Comorbidity of DM, history of previous injection, isolated Staphylococcus aureus in synovial fluid, and high Gachter stage were associated with a higher risk of failure to eradicate infection with a single arthroscopic procedure. Empirical glycopeptide administration also showed no significant benefit in reducing the risk of additional surgical procedures for infection control, suggesting against the routine administration of glycopeptide.

Ectopic thyroid is thyroid tissue found in places other than the anterolateral aspect of the second to fourth tracheal ring. Mediastinal ectopic thyroid is rare and only few cases have been reported. The authors experienced a case of 41-year-old female patient with an anterior neck mass. The patient had mild chest discomfort when breathing with no other symptoms. Imaging studies suggested tumor of thymic tissue origin and surgical excision was done. The mass was successfully removed and histopathologically determined to be thyroid tissue. We hereby report with a review of literature a case of ectopic thyroid found in the mediastinum, which was successfully removed by transcervical incision.

Ovarian cancer in pregnancy is a rare occurrence. Of all ovarian malignancies, <1% comprise immature teratomas. We present the case of a 24-year-old primigravid with an incidental finding of an ovarian new growth during a routine first-trimester ultrasound. The mass was suspicious for malignancy due to an ultrasound finding of a cystically enlarged 8.2 cm × 5.8 cm × 6.2 cm mass, with solid components and with minimal color flow on Doppler. There was an interval increase in the said mass during the second trimester, with an elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) level. The patient underwent surgery at 24 weeks gestation. Histopathology revealed Immature Teratoma, FIGO Grade 3, stage IC1. She delivered to a live, term baby boy through cesarean delivery. Postpartum, she completed four cycles of chemotherapy using bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin (BEP), and was advised surveillance with serum AFP every 3 months. Due to the limited number of cases of ovarian cancer in pregnancy reported, management is individualized. Dilemma in terms of the timing of surgery, neonatal and maternal outcomes, timing and mode of delivery, and control of tumor metastasis through chemotherapy were met, hence, a multidisciplinary team and patient decision is crucial to achieve successful and desirable outcomes for the mother and the fetus. This is the first case of immature teratoma in pregnancy reported in our institution and in a local setting.

Ectopic thyroid is thyroid tissue found in places other than the anterolateral aspect of the second to fourth tracheal ring. Mediastinal ectopic thyroid is rare and only few cases have been reported. The authors experienced a case of 41-year-old female patient with an anterior neck mass. The patient had mild chest discomfort when breathing with no other symptoms. Imaging studies suggested tumor of thymic tissue origin and surgical excision was done. The mass was successfully removed and histopathologically determined to be thyroid tissue. We hereby report with a review of literature a case of ectopic thyroid found in the mediastinum, which was successfully removed by transcervical incision.