OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of anhydrous alcohol sclerotherapy following transrectal ultrasound-guided puncture in the treatment of Mülllerian duct cyst.

METHODSTotally 44 patients with Müllerian duct cyst underwent transrectal ultrasound-guided puncture and sclerotherapy, 21 injected with anhydrous alcohol of half the volume of the aspirated cystic fluid followed by aspiration of all the fluid 5 minutes later (treatment group) , and the other 23 treated by cystic fluid aspiration only (control group). The clinical effects of the two methods were compared.

RESULTSThe response rate and cure rate were 80.95 and 52.38% in the treatment group, as compared with 56.52 and 26.09% in the control (P < 0.001). No adverse events were observed in either of the two groups.

CONCLUSIONTransrectal ultrasound-guided puncture and anhydrous alcohol sclerotherapy is a safe and effective approach to the treatment of Mülllerian duct cyst.

Cysts ; therapy ; Endosonography ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Mullerian Ducts ; Rectum ; diagnostic imaging ; Sclerotherapy ; Suction ; methods

Antegrade scrotal sclerotherapy is a simple and easy technique for the treatment of varicocele. The success rate varies between 87% and 95%. The initial reflux grade and the number of collateral vessels of the spermatic vein are the most important factors to predict the outcome of the technique. The postoperative complication rate is about 7% and the common ones are scrotal hematoma and epididymo-orchitis of slight severity. Testicular athrophy is a rare event (0.6%). This technique offers a considerable cost reduction compared to other therapeutic options currently available for varicocele.
Humans ; Male ; Postoperative Complications ; Sclerotherapy ; methods ; Scrotum ; surgery ; Varicocele ; surgery ; therapy

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Ranulas, pseudo cysts found on the floor of mouth, develop from the retention or extravasation of saliva from the sublingual gland. The main treatment of ranula is surgical excision but the extent of surgery is controversial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of sublingual gland excision in the surgical treatment of ranula. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: We retrospectively reviewed 112 patients with ranula who had undergone surgical excision from January 2004 to April 2016. Those who underwent any previous treatment such as sclerotherapy, marsupialization, or excision of cyst were excluded in the study. Surgical outcomes including complications and recurrence were compared between the group that went through simple cyst excision and the group that went through cyst and sublingual gland excision. RESULTS: Of 112 patients, 94 were simple ranula and 18 were plunging ranula. Thirty-seven (33%) were male and 75 (67%) were female. Of the 94 simple ranula patients, 23 underwent excision of cyst only; the remaining 71 patients and all other patients with plunging ranula underwent excision of cyst and sublingual gland together. The recurrence rate was significantly lower for the cyst and sublingual gland excision group than for the simple cyst excision group (2.2% vs. 17.4%, p=0.004). The complication rate did not differ between the two groups (4.3% vs. 1.1%, p=0.298). CONCLUSION: The excision of sublingual glands as well as cysts is an important option to reduce recurrence in the surgical treatment of ranula.
Female ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Mouth Floor ; Ranula* ; Recurrence ; Retrospective Studies ; Saliva ; Sclerotherapy ; Sublingual Gland*

Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding is defined as an intermittent or continuous loss of blood in which the source has not been identified after an upper endoscopy and colonoscopy. Small bowel bleeding is one of the most common causes of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding and constitutes 2~10% of all gastrointestinal bleeding. As the small intestine lies in the mid-portion of the intestine and has a long length, it is difficult to diagnose and treat small bowel bleeding using conventional endoscopy. Although the development of wireless capsule endoscopy has increased the diagnosis rate of small bowel disease, the use of capsule endoscopy has some limitations. The use of capsule endoscopy depends on intestinal peristalsis, and while visual diagnosis is possible, obtaining a biopsy or providing treatment is not possible with the use of the procedure. Capsule endoscopy has a few other limitations, such as the lack of air insufflation and the unavailability of rinsing. The use of the new double balloon enteroscopy procedure has advantages over the use of capsule endoscopy. With this method, it is possible to obtain biopsies and it is possible to perform therapeutic procedures, rinsing and air insufflation. We report a case of a vascular mass of the small bowel with recurrent bleeding, which was treated with endoscopic sclerotherapy.
Biopsy ; Capsule Endoscopy ; Colonoscopy ; Diagnosis ; Double-Balloon Enteroscopy* ; Endoscopy ; Hemorrhage ; Insufflation ; Intestine, Small ; Intestines ; Methods ; Peristalsis ; Sclerotherapy

Twenty patients with symptomatic congenital cysts in the liver, kidney, thyroid, and lower neck underwent, ultrasound guided percutaneous aspiration through a drainage catheter with temporary instillation of 95% ethanol into the cyst. Our procedure was based on the method as described by Bean and Rodan(16) in 1985. Additionaly, two othe steps were odded to prevent the dilutional effect of residual cyst fluid. One was the preliminary washing of the cyst with alcohol. The other was to treat with 30% replacement of alcohol every 10 minutes during the treatment secession. Minot complications of transient temperature elevation and hziness occurred, butj no major complications were encountered. After the alcohol treatment follow up examinations were performed with computed tomography or ultrasonography at 6 weeks. 6 months. 9 months and 15 months. Although there was diminished size, recurrence was noted in 6 of twenty patients(30%) at 6 weeks and one of twenty patients(5%) at 6 months. There was no recurrence at 9 months and 15 months. The results indicated that percutaneous aspiration and alcohol sclerotherapy are safe and effective therapy for symptomatic congenital cysts.
Catheters ; Cyst Fluid ; Drainage ; Ethanol ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Kidney ; Liver ; Methods ; Neck ; Recurrence ; Sclerotherapy* ; Thyroid Gland ; Ultrasonography

OBJECTIVE: To explore the safe method with anhydrous ethanol injection in the treatment of venous malformation.
 METHODS: A total of 96 patients with venous malformation were conducted anhydrous ethanol injection for 245 times through percutaneous puncture by three-point method. The complications were observed. In animal experiment, according to the different concentrations of anhydrous ethanol injection, rats were divided into an anhydrous ethanol group, a 75% ethanol group, a 50% ethanol group and a 25% ethanol group (n=5 in each group), and the damage of vessels after ethanol injection was observed.
 RESULTS: The successful rate for three-point ethanol injection was 88%. The incidence for both skin ulcer and numbness was 0.9% without severe complications in lung and heart. In the animal experiments, the entire vessel wall including outer membrane was damaged in the anhydrous ethanol group. Part of vessel walls, including the inner membrane and muscle layer, were damaged in both the 75% ethanol group and the 50% ethanol group. However, there was no damage in the vessels in the 25% ethanol group.
 CONCLUSION With the decrease in ethanol concentration, the vascular damage is decreased and eventually disappeared. Three-point anhydrous ethanol injection is safe and effective.
Animals ; Ethanol ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Injections ; methods ; Rats ; Sclerosing Solutions ; therapeutic use ; Sclerotherapy ; Vascular Malformations ; therapy

Bleeding from gastric varices is generally more severe than bleeding from esophageal varices, although it occurs less frequently. Recently, new endoscopic treatment options and interventional radiological procedures have broadened the therapeutic armamentarium for gastric varices. This review provides an overview of the classification and pathophysiology of gastric varices, an introduction to current endoscopic and interventional radiological management options for gastric varices, and details of a practical approach to endoscopic variceal obturation using N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate.
Enbucrilate/*therapeutic use ; Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal/*methods ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices/*diagnosis/physiopathology/*therapy ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage/*diagnosis/physiopathology/*therapy ; Hemostasis, Endoscopic/*methods ; Humans ; Sclerotherapy/methods

The treatment of congenital vascular malformations is still a difficult problem. Minimally invasive surgical treatments such as sclerotherapy, embolizations, and laser treatments have become increasingly applied. Arteriovenous malformations are treated by transcatheter endovascular selective arterial embolizations, venous malformations by sclerotherapy, Nd: YAG laser, and DIOMED laser treatments, and Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome by endovenous DIOMED laser treatments. Most patients with congenital vascular malformations obtain good clinical outcomes after minimally invasive surgeries, although their long-term efficacy requires further investigation.
Arteriovenous Malformations ; therapy ; Embolization, Therapeutic ; methods ; Humans ; Klippel-Trenaunay-Weber Syndrome ; congenital ; therapy ; Laser Coagulation ; methods ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; Sclerotherapy ; methods ; Veins ; abnormalities ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the efficacy of B-ultrasound-guided aspiration and sclerotherapy with 2% iodophor for treatment of renal cysts.

METHODSTwenty-eight cases of sympotomatic renal cysts were treated with B-ultrasound-guided aspiration followed by sclerotherapy with 2% iodopher, which was maintained for 20 min. After extraction of iodopher, another injection of 2% iodopher (5-10 ml) into the cysts was given. The patients were followed up for 6 months to 18 months.

RESULTSFull recovery was achieved in 25 cases and improvement in 2 cases. Recurrence was found in 1 case after the treatment.

CONCLUSIONSB-ultrasound-guided aspiration and sclerotherapy with 2% iodophor is safe, minimally invasive, and highly effective for treatment of symptomatic renal cysts.

Aged ; Biopsy, Fine-Needle ; Female ; Humans ; Iodophors ; therapeutic use ; Kidney Diseases, Cystic ; therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sclerosing Solutions ; therapeutic use ; Sclerotherapy ; methods ; Ultrasonography, Interventional

OBJECTIVEto compare the clinical outcome of foam sclerotherapy of the great saphenous vein (GSV) combined with sapheno-femoral junction (SFJ) ligation to standard stripping surgery.

METHODSas a prospective randomized controlled trial, 60 consecutive patients with incompetence of the GSV resulting in varicose veins were prospectively randomized into 2 groups, treated by SFJ ligation and either foam sclerotherapy or standard stripping of the GSV. There were 26 male and 34 female with a median age of 49 years (ranging 37 to 66 years). Primary end points were patient recovery period, postoperative pain, quality of life and recurrence rate. Secondary end points were frequency of complications on the two arms of the trial.

RESULTSall treatments were completed as intended. The time taken to complete treatment was shorter in the foam sclerotherapy plus SFJ ligation group than the standard stripping (43 min vs. 65 min, P < 0.01). Less analgesic use postoperatively was recorded in the foam sclerotherapy group. Median time to return to normal activities was significantly reduced in the foam sclerotherapy group compared to the surgical group (3 d vs. 6 d, P < 0.01). After 3 months, median CEAP class dropped from four pre-operatively to one following treatment in both groups (P < 0.01). After 6 months, in the foam sclerotherapy group, 5 patients needed further sessions of foam sclerotherapy, resulting in a short-term closure rate of 80.0%. And the short-term obliteration rate was 89.5% in the conventional surgery group.

CONCLUSIONSfoam sclerotherapy combined with sapheno-femoral ligation involves a shorter treatment time, less postoperative discomfort and results in more rapid recovery compared to conventional GSV stripping.

Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ligation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prospective Studies ; Saphenous Vein ; surgery ; Sclerotherapy ; methods ; Treatment Outcome ; Varicose Veins ; surgery