No abstract available.
Hyperplasia* ; Scleritis*

Posterior scleritis must be one of the most underdiagnosed treatable conditions in ophthalmology, partly because its manifestations are so protean and partly because the diagnosis is rarely considered. Although ultrasonography and computer tomogram are ancilliary tests, a careful examination of the posterior segment of the eye including the area of the ora serrata, macula and disc is essential to discover the presence of a posterior scleritis. We experienced prolonged retinal pigment epithelial detachments which had appered at early phase of posterior scleritis.
Bruch Membrane ; Diagnosis ; Ophthalmology ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinaldehyde* ; Scleritis* ; Ultrasonography

PURPOSE: To evaluate serologic tests and therapeutic drugs of the patients with episcleritis and scleritis. METHODS: Retrospective chart review was performed for above patients that had been followed from 1986. 8. 8 to 2001. 6. 4. RESULTS: Of a total of 26 patients, 5 patients (38.5%) with episcleritis and 7 patients (53.8%) with scleritis showed seropositivity. Rheumatoid factor (RF) (26.1%) and antinuclear antibody (ANA) (26.1%) were most commonly positive. Eleven patients (84.6%) with episcleritis group were given topical steroid, 3 patients (23.1%) were treated with systemic drugs due to ocular lesions, and 6 patients (46.2%) with systemic drug for underlying systemic diseases. In scleritis group, 11 patients (84.6%) were treated with topical steroid, 2 patients (15.4%) with systemic drugs for ocular lesions, and 7 patients (53.8%) with systemic drug for underlying systemic diseases. An average period of treatment time was 6.4 weeks in episcleritis and 11.1 weeks in scleritis. CONCLUSIONS: Serologic tests help document the underlying disorders in patients with scleritis and in those with persistent or often recurred episcleritis. Also treatment of episcleritis and scleritis requires understanding possible effects of systemic drugs adminstered for underlying disorder on ocular lesion, and requires cooperation with internists and rheumatolgists.
Antibodies, Antinuclear ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Rheumatoid Factor ; Scleritis* ; Serologic Tests*

PURPOSE: To evaluate the clinical features of the patients with episcleritis and scleritis. METHODS: Retrospective chart review was performed for above patients that had been followed from 1986. 8. 8 to 2001. 6. 4. RESULTS: The number of patients with episcleritis was 17 (49%) and that of scleritis was 18 (51%). Ocular complication occurred in 59% of patients with episcleritis and 72% of patients with scleritis. Keratitis was the most common ocular complication. No patient with episcleritis had a decrease in visual acuity, whereas 33% of patients with scleritis did. Systemic diseases were found in 69% of episcleritis whereas 77% of patients with scleritis associated with systemic diseases. Rheumatoid arthritis was the most common one in both groups of patients. CONCLUSIONS: Ocular complications, systemic diseases, and decrease in visual acuity are associated more of commonly with scleritis than episcleritis. When scleritis is suspected, careful examinations for associated ocular complications should be performed and be followed with history taking and evaluation for associated systemic disease.
Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Humans ; Keratitis ; Retrospective Studies ; Scleritis* ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To assess the proper differential diagnosis and treatment of scleritis with scleral melt following pterygium excision. METHODS: A retrospective study through a review of medical records of 5 patients diagnosed with surgically induced necrotizing scleritis (SINS) after pterygium excision and treated with systemic immunosuppressant and steroid. RESULTS: All the patients responded to the treatment and showed significant improvement. CONCLUSIONS: Immunosuppressive treatment without surgical intervention is effective in resolution of SINS after pterygium excision.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Medical Records ; Pterygium* ; Retrospective Studies ; Scleritis*

Methotrexate (MTX) is an antimetabolite which interferes with DNA synthesis, and it is used for the treatment of moderate to severe psoriasis, atopic dermatitis and a wide variety of cutaneous diseases. Although many adverse effects of MTX, including cutaneous ulcerations, have been documented, multifocal mucosal ulceration mimicking Behcet's disease has not been reported. In our case, a 63-year-old female presented with oral, vaginal ulcer and multiple purpuric patches on both legs. Considering patient's clinical course and histopathologic findings, we presumed that these reactions may be the side effect of MTX administered for treatment of necrotizing scleritis. Herein we report the cutaneous side effect of MTX that manifested clinically like Behcet's disease.
Dermatitis, Atopic ; DNA ; Female ; Humans ; Leg ; Methotrexate ; Middle Aged ; Psoriasis ; Scleritis ; Ulcer

PURPOSE: Relapsing polychondritis is a progressive inflammatory disorder of unknown cause affecting predominantly the cartilage of the ears, nose, and tracheobronchial tree as well as internal structures of the eyes and nose. Episcleritis is the most common ocular manifestation. We experienced a case of relapsing polychondritis with episcleritis and it's treatment. Therefore, we report this case with literature review. METHODS: Seventy-year-old woman presented with ocular pain and redness in right eye which had developed one week before. She had bilateral auricular chondritis, vertigo, saddle nose deformity, polyarthritis and respiratory difficulty. Relapsing polychondritis was diagnosed by typical clinical features. RESULTS: The patient was started on systemic steroid therapy and 0.1% dexamethasone in the right eye four times daily as well as oral ibuprofen 600 mg four times daily, which were slowly tapered off over the next four weeks with the resolution of the episcleritis.
Arthritis ; Cartilage ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Dexamethasone ; Ear ; Female ; Humans ; Ibuprofen ; Nose ; Polychondritis, Relapsing* ; Scleritis* ; Vertigo

PURPOSE: We report a case of orbital pseudotumor developed in an anophthalmic socket, presenting no typical symptoms or signs. METHODS: A 67-year-old woman was referred for treatment of necrotizing scleritis of her left eye and painful orbital pseudotumor of her right eye. The right eye had been removed 10 years previously. There was an irregular mass in superomedial portion of anterior orbit. Orbital MRI showed poorly defined T1 iso and low T2 signal intensity of a lesion in the medial anterior portion of the right orbit. Because systemic steroid administration was limited, 2 mg of betamethasone was injected locally, after which the size of the lesion was decreased and the orbital pain improved. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of an orbital pseudotumor developed in an anophthalmic socket may be difficult because of the lack of typical eyeball-related signs or symptoms such as proptosis, red eye, or decreased vision. But, the easy access to the lesion can provide early and effective treatment through direct injection of glucocorticoid.
Aged ; Anophthalmos* ; Betamethasone ; Diagnosis ; Exophthalmos ; Female ; Humans ; Inflammation* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Orbit* ; Orbital Pseudotumor ; Scleritis

PURPOSE: To report a case of relapsing polychondritis complicated with chorioretinitis without scleritis. CASE SUMMARY: A 35-year-old man who has been previously managed for relapsing polychondritis visited our the clinic because of blurred vision in his both eyes which had developed one month earlier. Although the corrected visual acuity was 1.0 in both eyes, Slit lamp examination of both eyes showed findings of anterior uveitis. Fundus examination showed a whitish-yellow lesion around the posterior pole in both eyes. He had bilateral auricular chondritis, saddle nose deformity, and respiratory difficult. The patient was treated with systemic steroid and prescribed topical 1% prednisolone acetate four times daily in both eyes. Four months later, fundus examination of both eyes showed improvement of chorioretinal lesion, but visual acuity had decreased constantly. Nine months later, chorioretinal lesion resolved and visual acuity improved in both eyes.
Adult ; Chorioretinitis* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Humans ; Nose ; Polychondritis, Relapsing* ; Prednisolone ; Scleritis* ; Uveitis, Anterior ; Visual Acuity

Rarely necrotizing scleritis has been reported as a complication of the pterygiectomy and author experienced that three cases of the scleral ulcerations developed after pterygiectomy were successfully treated by medical management. The cases had histories of beta irradiation, instillation of mitomycin and cauterization with silver nitrate solution respectively during the post operative course for the purpose of preventing recurrence. The ulcer showed small punched-out scleral lesions 3 X 4, 5 X 8, and 3 X 5mm. respectively in size and situated just anterior to the insertion of the medial rectus muscle. The sclera is essentialiy collagenous, avascular and scanty of cellular components thus a proliferative reaction to injury rarely occurs, but rather healing is primarily dependent on neighbouring mesenchymal tissue. Beta ray and mitomycin suppress the mitotic activity and inhibit the healing process of the injuried sclera. It is stressed that caution should be exerted in application of noxious agents for the purpose of preventing recurrence especially in the bare scleral method, as these seemed not only to interfere with the healing of the collagen structures but sometimes resulting in a scleral ulceration.
Beta Particles ; Cautery ; Collagen ; Mitomycin ; Recurrence ; Sclera ; Scleritis* ; Silver Nitrate ; Ulcer