Schwannomas are soft tissue sarcomas arising from neurilemma of Schwann cells in peripheral nerves, and is the most frequent type of benign tumor found in these nerves. We report a case of a Schwannoma of the ulnar nerve in the elbow joint, and along this report, give a review of the literature. A 46-year-old male patient was hospitalized with complaints of swelling and pain in the left elbow and a tingling sensation and hypoesthesia of the fourth and fifth fingers. Physical examination of the patient showed he was positive for Tinel's sign, and magnetic resonance imaging results demonstrated the presence of a Schwannoma. Subsequent biopsy and excision of the Schwannoma was carried out. The suspected mass, which had a clear margin separating it from the healthy nerve of the medial left elbow, was removed along with its 2 x 2 x 3 cm capsule after a histological diagnosis of a Schwannoma was made. Pathophysiological results confirmed the excised mass as a Schwannoma. Schwannoma of the ulnar nerve within the elbow joint is rare and differential diagnosis is difficult. Therefore, treatment can only proceed after the presence of Schwannoma has been confirmed by physical and radiological examinations.
Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Elbow Joint ; Elbow* ; Fingers ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurilemma ; Neurilemmoma* ; Peripheral Nerves ; Physical Examination ; Sarcoma ; Schwann Cells ; Sensation ; Ulnar Nerve*

Schwannomas are soft tissue sarcomas arising from neurilemma of Schwann cells in peripheral nerves, and is the most frequent type of benign tumor found in these nerves. We report a case of a Schwannoma of the ulnar nerve in the elbow joint, and along this report, give a review of the literature. A 46-year-old male patient was hospitalized with complaints of swelling and pain in the left elbow and a tingling sensation and hypoesthesia of the fourth and fifth fingers. Physical examination of the patient showed he was positive for Tinel's sign, and magnetic resonance imaging results demonstrated the presence of a Schwannoma. Subsequent biopsy and excision of the Schwannoma was carried out. The suspected mass, which had a clear margin separating it from the healthy nerve of the medial left elbow, was removed along with its 2 x 2 x 3 cm capsule after a histological diagnosis of a Schwannoma was made. Pathophysiological results confirmed the excised mass as a Schwannoma. Schwannoma of the ulnar nerve within the elbow joint is rare and differential diagnosis is difficult. Therefore, treatment can only proceed after the presence of Schwannoma has been confirmed by physical and radiological examinations.
Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Elbow Joint ; Elbow ; Fingers ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurilemma ; Neurilemmoma ; Peripheral Nerves ; Physical Examination ; Sarcoma ; Schwann Cells ; Sensation ; Ulnar Nerve

Schwannomas are benign nerve sheath tumors composed of Schwann cells, which normally produce the insulating myelin sheath covering the peripheral nerves. Common locations include the head, neck, mediastinum, and retroperitoneum. These tumors are usually asymptomatic until they become large and compress the surrounding tissues. Most schwannomas occur during the third and fourth decades of life, with an equal gender distribution. We present the case of a schwannoma that originated in the scrotum.
Head ; Mediastinum ; Myelin Sheath ; Neck ; Nerve Sheath Neoplasms ; Neurilemmoma* ; Peripheral Nerves ; Schwann Cells ; Scrotum*

The orbital neurilemmoma originates exclusively from Schwann cells of the cranial nerve, any myelinated peripheral nerve, and sympathetic nerve. The incidence of this benign neoplasia is reported as rare and arises usually in the intraconal. A 28-year-old female complained of lid swelling and palpable mass on the right upper lid for a period of 8 months. The mass wsa excised totally and histopathologic examination revealed a typical neurilemmoma(Schwannoma). In this case, there was no proptosis because the mass was located extraconally. It is to report a rate case of extraconal neurilemmoma of the orbit.
Adult ; Cranial Nerves ; Exophthalmos ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Myelin Sheath ; Neurilemmoma* ; Orbit ; Peripheral Nerves ; Schwann Cells

Schwannoma(Neurilemoma) is a neoplasm that can occur wherever schwann cells are present, that is, in any myelinated peripheral nerve, brain and sympathetic nerve. Schwannoma tends to occur usually in intraconal area, and it may arise at any point of the orbit, including the lacrimal sac and it may arise at sinus and gasserian ganglion. A 43 years old korean male had painless proptosis, which had developed for 1 month and was dignosed an schwannoma of left orbit. The tumor was excised totally. Histologic examination showed a combination of Antoni type A(dense, cellular) and Antoni type BOoose, edematous or necrotic) patterns.
Adult ; Brain ; Exophthalmos ; Humans ; Male ; Myelin Sheath ; Neurilemmoma ; Orbit* ; Peripheral Nerves ; Schwann Cells ; Trigeminal Ganglion

OBJECTIVE: By detecting the myelin structure in acoustic tumor tissues, the cell origin and state of acoustic tumor tissues were investigated. METHOD: Immunofluorescence labeling, immunoblot analysis and electron microscopic study were performed to identify myelin structure and myelin protein in acoustic tumor tissues. RESULT: In this work, we found some early stage of myelin forming in acoustic tumor tissues, but there were no axon nor compact myelin formed and the myelin basic protein whose expression indicates the beginning of myelination was negative detected. We also found that the cell of acoustic tumor express p75,a marker for immature Schwann cells and mature non-myelin-forming Schwann cells. CONCLUSION The date shown in this experiment indicates that the cell of acoustic tumor is in a remyelinating state.
Humans ; Microscopy, Electron ; Myelin Sheath ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Neuroma, Acoustic ; pathology ; Schwann Cells ; pathology

Neurilemmoma is a relatively rare, which was first described by Stout in 1935. Neurilemmoma is a neoplasm arising from Schwann cells. It is usually solitary and may be benign or malignant, solid or cystic, encapsulated or diffuse. We report one case of retroperitoneal neurilemmoma with review of literature.
Neurilemmoma* ; Schwann Cells

Neurilemmoma is a neoplasm arising from Schwann cells. It is usually solitary and may be benign or malignant, solid or cystic, encapsulated or diffuse. It rarely occurs in the retroperitoneum. We report one case of retroperitoneal neurilemmoma with review of the literatures.
Neurilemmoma* ; Schwann Cells

Alcohol as a classic neurolytic agent is frequently used for the management of intractable cancer pain, but the side reactions such as motor weakness and sphincter incontinence clinically developed following their application, occasionally annoying anesthesiologists or other physicians. To observe functional changes of hind limbs and neuropathologic changes in the sciatic nerve after alcohol application, highlighting the time of nerve regeneration, we undertook this experimental study utilizing a rat. Experimental groups were injected or dripped on the right sciatic nerve, and control groups were injected normal saline on the left. The functional changes of hind limbs were observed for 6 weeks and the distal part of the alcohol injected or dripped on the sciatic nerve was severed in 3 rats of each group respectively at 10 minutes, 1 hour, 24 hours, 3 days, 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 6 weeks. The severed nerves were prepared for electron microscopic examination and pathologic changes were observed under the electron microscope. The results were as follows: The functional changes of the rats hind limbs after alcohol or saline application were as follows. When the rats emerged from the ether anesthesia, all showed motor loss of both hind limbs, and after several minutes, normal function returned in the saline injected limbs. The alcohol injected or dripped hind limbs showed more pronounced motor weakness and gait changes were obvious. About 2 weeks after the alcohol application, gradual improvement of gait changes begun, and after 6 weeks, motor weakness and gait changes were no longer perceptible. The neuropathologie events after alcohol application were as follows. In the group with alcohol injection, at 10 minutes after injection, destructive lesions were confined to unmyelinated fibers and the myelin sheath of small myelinated fibers. At 1 hour and 24 hours, axonal fibers and Schwann cells were shrunk and separated from the myelin sheath and empty spaces respectively. On the 3rd day and at 1 week, pathologic changes on axonal fibers and Schwann cells were in progression with phagocytosis in spite of myelin restitution. From 2 to 4 weeks, axonal regeneration and remyelination appeared concurrent with myelin disintegration and axonolysis, and hlytologic findings at 6 weeks were similar to those of the control group. In the group with alcohol drip, the histologic chanaes of the sciatic nerve were very similar to the injection groups. These results suggest that histopathologic findings such as degeneration and regeneration have good correlation with functional loss and gain, and histopathologic lesions after an alcohol application on the peripheral nerves are not influenced by application methods. The progress of histopathologic changes is obvious according to the time interval following the alcohol application. Accordingly, side reactions that developed following the use of neurolytic agents may be improved around the time when the nerve regeneration occurs, between second and forth weeks after the injection.
Anesthesia ; Animals ; Axons ; Ether ; Extremities ; Gait ; Myelin Sheath ; Nerve Regeneration ; Peripheral Nerves ; Phagocytosis ; Rats ; Regeneration ; Schwann Cells ; Sciatic Nerve*

Nerve regeneration after injury requires proper axon alignment to bridge the lesion site and myelination to achieve functional recovery. Transplanted scaffolds with aligned channels, have been shown to induce axon growth to some extent. However, the penetration of axons into the microchannels remain a challenge, influencing the functional recovery of regenerated nerves. We previously demonstrated that the size of microchannels exerts significant impact on Schwann cells (SCs) migration. Here we demonstrate that migration of SCs promotes, significantly, the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons to extend axons into three-dimensional channels and form aligned fascicular-like axon tracts. Moreover, the migrating SCs attach and wrap around the aligned axons of DRG neurons in the microchannels and initiate myelination. The SCs release growth factors that provide chemotactic signals to the regenerating axons, similar to the response achieved with nerve growth factor (NGF), but with the additional capability of promoting myelination, thereby demonstrating the beneficial effects of including SCs over NGF alone in enhancing axon penetration and myelination in three-dimensional microchannels.
Axons* ; Diagnosis-Related Groups ; Ganglia, Spinal ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Myelin Sheath ; Nerve Growth Factor ; Nerve Regeneration ; Neurons ; Schwann Cells*