This paper reports the findings of a follow-up survey on non-smoking carried out in 2005. The previous survey was conducted in 2004 by distributing questionnaires to public facilities, schools, nursery schools and post offices in Mizunami. Method:The questionnaires consisted of the same questions as the previous ones and were sent to the same 64 facilities. Results:The questionnaires were recovered from 59 facilities(92.2%). Compared with the results of the previous survey, the number of public facilities, schools, offices and resting rooms where smoking is totally prohibited increased. In post offices, smoking corners disappeared. Progress was also made remarkably in division of public space and a workplace into smoking and nonsmoking areas. The smoking ratio of employees in these facilities surveyed decreased from 20% to 17%. Conclusion:Our survey confirmed that nonsmoking has steadily won public acceptance in a matter of one year.
Surveys ; Smoking ; public ; Schools, Nursery ; After values

This study was done to come up with a solution to effectively increase nutrition knowledge and education among nursery school teachers in the Gwang-ju metropolitan city area. The scores of teacher's nutrition knowledge were around the average of 9.4 points on a 15-point scale, which is about 63.1 points on a 100-point scale. When the types of subjects were compared, we recognized that the nursery school teachers with a college degree or those who have any training/education in nutrition had the highest scores in nutrition knowledge. Also, the nursery schools who have more than 101 children or public nursery schools had the highest scores in nutrition knowledge (p < 0.05). We can conclude that the knowledge of nutrition of nursery teachers is very lacking and it is not as high as it should be. In addition, we can also see that the dietary guidance and nutrition education time spent towards the children was very short. The lack of professional knowledge and education seems to be due to shortage of educational materials and because the teachers themselves lack the knowledge to pass on to their predecessors. In fact, even the teachers themselves feel the need to set up more nutrition-related education programs, obtain more guides and materials to teach them, as well as implement more organized and systemized teaching methods.
Child ; Humans ; Nurseries ; Schools, Nursery ; Teaching

Tinea capitis is the most common fungal infection in children. Microsporum canis is a zoophilic dermatophyte and it is the most common pathogen of tinea capitis and sometimes it makes a kerion celsi. Microsporum canis infection is commonly acquired from direct contact with animals. We report here on an outbreak of tinea capitis by Microsporum canis in the nursery school.
Animals ; Arthrodermataceae ; Child ; Humans ; Microsporum ; Nurseries ; Schools, Nursery ; Tinea Capitis

The remote surveillance system based on the wireless home sensor network, wireless internet connection, and the portable, hand-held device has been designed for the patron to get the emergency alarm for immediate care for the Dementia aged, when the patron is not at home. It consists of transmitting server and the receiving terminal. The transmitting server gathers the information through bluetooth connection regarding to environment threatening the safety of the Dementia aged from five sensors, including fire, gas, conductivity, photo, and motion sensors, and cameras up to the number of 16, fixated within home. It also determines the emergency situation automatically from sensors' environmental condition and the motion detected from the camera output targeted to the aged people, and sends the alarm message with the picture taken from home to the patrol for comprehending the emergency situation remotely. Either the PDA or the cellular phone is used as the receiving terminal device through wireless connectivity without the location limitation for the patrol. The functional evaluation via the implemented prototype system has been performed to initially demonstrate the efficacy, the usefulness, and ease to operate for later use for either solitarily living old people or nursery schools and infantile shelters.
Cellular Phone ; Dementia ; Emergencies ; Fires ; Internet ; Schools, Nursery

This study was aimed at development of a nutrition education program, which was designed for children, their parents and personnel in preschool nursery facilities and carried out by dieticians. The program was conducted at 6 preschool nursery facilities for 3 months from July to September 1998. Four-hundred thirty-three children aged 2 to 7 years were engaged in the program. Children in each class were given nutrition education practice once a week by dieticians using education materials and a guide book based on a 12-week program. The themes of nutrition education for children consisted of 'knowledge of food sources and foods', 'relations between food and health', 'other roles of food', 'right eating habit', and 'cooking practice'. Each of five leaflets on nutrition education for parents was delivered eery three weeks in a series and leaflets were posted on a bulletin board. Nursery school teachers were educated by their participation in the class with dieticians using education materials. Evaluation of nutrition education by children, parents and personnel was carried out by interviewing and using questionnaires before and after the program. Children responded more positively more positively on their eating behavior and sanitary behaviors after nutrition education. Parents'opinions on the nutrition education program were positive : 72.3 described the nutrition education program as 'very good'and 'good'. In addition, 71.3% answered that the education materials for parents were helpful. A majority(93.8%) of personnel in facilities evaluated the nutrition education program effective. Nursery personnel evaluated the importance of general nutrition knowledge, childhood nutrition, and obesity control for nutrition management and nutrition education more highly after nutrition education. This study indicates that nutrition management and nutrition education programs for preschool nursery facilities are necessary and they would be effective when implemented by dieticians.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Eating ; Education* ; Feeding Behavior ; Humans ; Nurseries* ; Nutritionists ; Obesity ; Parents ; Schools, Nursery ; Surveys and Questionnaires

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study were to develop a respiratory communicable disease prevention program for preschoolers and measure it's effects. METHOD: The respiratory communicable disease prevention program for preschoolers consisted of texts, cartoons, photographs, discussions, demonstrations, puzzle games, die games, compensation/reinforcement, and token economy which were directed under the systematic design of instruction by Dick & Carey. This study was a quasi experimental study under the nonequivalent control group with pretest-posttest design. The subjects of this study were 45 preschool children who are attending 3 different district nursery schools and they were matched by the age, pretest knowledge, and pretest behavior. The instrument used in this study was criterion referenced test items that were developed by a researcher for evaluating the subject's knowledge, attitude, and behavior about respiratory communicable disease prevention. A pretest was administered a week before treatment. Experimental group I was administered by the treatment of respiratory communicable disease prevention program. Experimental group II was administered by above program with token economy program. The posttest was conducted on the eighth day. The third test for behavior was completed 15th day. To determine the effect of the program, the data were analyzed by the SAS 6.12 program with Kruskal Wallis test, ANCOVA, ANOVA, Duncan's test and paired t-test. RESULT: 1) There was a significant difference in knowledge between the experimental groups and control group(F=5.89, P=0.0197). 2) There was a significant difference in attitude between the experimental groups and control group(F=3.29, P=0.0469). 3) There was a non-significant difference in behavior between the experimental groups and control group(F=0.00, P=0.9512). 4) In the experimental group II, there was highly significant increase in behavior after token economy(t=4.5252, P=0.0005). CONCLUSION: It was found that the respiratory communicable disease prevention program for preschool children was effective in changing the preschoolers' knowledge and attitude on the respiratory communicable disease prevention, but not enough for changing the preschoolers' behavior. Token economy was improved as an effective and strong method for inducing desirable changes of preschoolers' behavior.
Child, Preschool* ; Communicable Diseases* ; Health Education* ; Humans ; Program Development* ; Schools, Nursery ; Token Economy ; Child Health

OBJECTIVETo explore the children's coping strategies and their mediation effects between parents' rearing and children's problem behavior.

METHODSUsing Parents' Childrearing Question-naire, Child Behavioral Checklist of Achenbach and the method of story-context evaluation, a sample of 204 children was tested.

RESULTSContexts effects in coping were found. The mean of proportion scores of problem approach coping of 4-year and 5-year old children (0.42 +/- 0.28, 0.41 +/- 0.30) was significantly more than that of 3-year-old children (0.21 +/- 0.19). The results also showed that problem approach coping could negatively forecast the children's externalizing and internalizing problem behaviors. Coping could partly moderate the relation between parents' childrearing attitude and child problems behavior.

CONCLUSIONWith age increasing, children's coping strategies become more and more mature. Problem approach coping is a positive coping method for preschoolers, and might prevent their problem behaviors effectively.

Adaptation, Psychological ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Parenting ; Parents ; Psychology, Child ; Schools, Nursery ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Animals ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dermatitis ; epidemiology ; parasitology ; Disease Outbreaks ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mites ; Schools, Nursery

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence of otitis media with effusion (OME) of kindergarten children in Wuhan City. METHOD: The study subjects were 3-6-year-old children in some kindergarten children in Wuhan City . All subjects were assessed with routine otorhinolaryngologic examination, otoscopic examination and tympanometry. Chi-square test were used to analyse the difference of data. RESULT: The prevalence of children of some kindergarten in Wuhan City is 6.67%. There was no statistical difference were found between sexuality. The prevalence of OME in 3 years old group is obviously higher than that in 4-6 years old group. Previous acute otitis media episodes, feeding, high-arched palate, and nasal obstruction are risk factors of OME. CONCLUSION Children with previous acute otitis media episode and nasal obstruction should be suggested to have otorhinolaryngologic examination regularly. It is necessary to have routine otoscopic examination and tympanometry in children of kindergarten.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; epidemiology ; Humans ; Otitis Media ; epidemiology ; Prevalence ; Schools, Nursery

BACKGROUND: In March 1999, six children who attended a nursery school became ill with acute gastroenteritis by Shigella sonnei. The majority of the children became sick one day after sharing a snack which was served from one of the children's home. By the time the outbreak of dysentery was recognized, the rest of family members of the children became also sick. The nursery school was located in a crowded residential area. EPIDEMIOLOGIC INVESTIGATION: After active and passive surveillance was established on patients with diarrhea, 438 patients were registered. Among them, 252 patients were considered to have simple diarrhea, but the rest (186 patients) suffered from more than three consecutive diarrheas. Shigella sonnei was isolated from 75 patients. The first attack rate was estimated at 50.0%, the second, 25.6%-34.3% and the third, 13.5%. The epidemic lasted for two months spreading further from person to person in the highly populous area. The active surveillance was implemented after the occurrence of the secondary attack of dysentery among the residents, who had no obvious direct contact with people associated with the nursery school. CONCLUSION: This investigation demonstrates the need for prompt implementation of active surveillance when Shigella infection is recognized in a highly populous city.
Child ; Diarrhea ; Dysentery* ; Gastroenteritis ; Humans ; Schools, Nursery ; Shigella ; Shigella sonnei ; Snacks