The paper introduces the basic concept and characteristics of hyperspectral remote sensing, and analyzed the application of hyperspectral remote sensing in the field of plants research. On the basis of the research advances of hyperspectral plant study, paper also analyzed the key facts that effects the application of hyperspectral remote sensing on the some researches which include distinguishing species,monitoring growth and quality etc. It proposed a new ideas and methods for people to research medicinal plants.
Plants, Medicinal ; Satellite Communications ; Telemetry ; methods

We developed the Tele-PACS of radiology, which uses the communication network as asymmetric satellite data communication system. The asymmetric satellite data communication system uses receive-only satellite links for data delivery and PSTN(Public Switched Telephone Network) modem or N-ISDN(Narrow-band Integrate Services Digital Network) for communication. The satellite communication linking we implemented showed the very high-speed performance compared to the terrestrial linking such as 28.8 kbps modem linking or 56Kbps linking. The satellite linking was 5-10 times faster than the terrestrial linking on the average. We developed the down-link system of satellite and the medical collaborative tools and the Web-based Image-viewer. We concluded that 1) Satellite networking is currently the cheapest and fastest solution for internet access. 2) Web-based Image-Viewer enables small size hospitals in rural area to connect to the central PACS easily and to retrieve the image data reliably. 3) The suggested teleradiology system using satellite networking could be adequate to the fast telemedicine and telecare for rural hospitals especially located in geographically isolated areas such as islands.
Hospitals, Rural ; Internet ; Islands ; Modems ; Satellite Communications ; Telemedicine ; Telephone ; Teleradiology

We developed the Tele-PACS of radiology, which uses the communication network as asymmetric satellite data communication system. The asymmetric satellite data communication system uses receive-only satellite links for data delivery and PSTN(Public Switched Telephone Network) modem or N-ISDN(Narrow-band Integrate Services Digital Network) for communication. The satellite communication linking we implemented showed the very high-speed performance compared to the terrestrial linking such as 28.8 kbps modem linking or 56Kbps linking. The satellite linking was 5-10 times faster than the terrestrial linking on the average. We developed the down-link system of satellite and the medical collaborative tools and the Web-based Image-viewer. We concluded that 1) Satellite networking is currently the cheapest and fastest solution for internet access. 2) Web-based Image-Viewer enables small size hospitals in rural area to connect to the central PACS easily and to retrieve the image data reliably. 3) The suggested teleradiology system using satellite networking could be adequate to the fast telemedicine and telecare for rural hospitals especially located in geographically isolated areas such as islands.
Hospitals, Rural ; Internet ; Islands ; Modems ; Satellite Communications ; Telemedicine ; Telephone ; Teleradiology

OBJECTIVETo probe rational indices suitable for ecological surveillance on breeding ground for Oncomelania hupensis snails in areas prevalent with islet-type schisitosomiasis using remote sensing technology.

METHODSThree adjacent islets, prevalent with islet-type schistosomiasis, along the Yangtze River within the boundaries of Dongzhi County, Anhui Province were selected as study field for remote sensing analysis. Multi-spectral data were composed and non-supervisedly classified in computer with Idisi software for remote sensing analysis. Values of the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), green vegetation index (GVI), bright index (BI), which reflect the greenness and brightness of landscape, were also calculated. Finally, all the results were comprehensively analyzed, combined with data from the field investigation.

RESULTSNDVI, GVI and BI could depict characteristics of the landscape quantitatively. Values of NDVI, BI and GVI were varied in different types of landscapes, and 95% confidence interval of these values suitable for breeding of snails was 0.0522 approximately 0.3566, 2.4162 approximately 28.2672 and 29.3404 approximately 40.3135, respectively. Classification of NDVI showed that type 5 anf type 6 were main breeding ground for snails, and type 4 with values of NDVI from 0 to 0.1 was potential areas for snail propagation. Classification of GVI showed that types 5, 6 and 7 were main breeding ground for snails, and also type 4 with values of GVI from 2 to 10 was potential areas for snail propagation. Both NDVI and GVI showed type 2 and type 3 were temporarily not suitable for snail breeding.

CONCLUSIONIndex figures of NDVI and GVI re-formed by reasonable classification could reflect not only breeding ground for snails and range of the areas for snail propagation in islets, but also their evolving rules, i.e., status of new marshland formation and vegetation growth.

Animals ; Breeding ; Ecology ; Satellite Communications ; Schistosomiasis ; transmission ; Snails ; parasitology ; physiology

OBJECTIVETo study the environmental changes of new snail habitual by using multi-temporal relative radiometric normalized TM images taken in Wuzhoutou of Nanchang, Jiangxi province.

METHODSTM images of Poyang Lake were collected on 3rd April 1998, 16th April 2000 and 5th May 2004. Taking images in 2004 as a reference, the TM images in 1998 and 2000 were radiometric normalized. The images were analyzed to trace the vegetation background and snail historical information.

RESULTSThe vegetation coverage rate of Wuzhaoutou on April 3rd in 1998 was 4.76%, but the vegetation coverage rates of Wuzhoutou on April 16th in 2000 and May 5th in 2004 were above 80%; the NDVI values of Wuzhoutou on April 3rd in 1998 were around -0.4 to 0.2, but the NDVI values of Wuzhoutou on April 16th in 2000 and May 5th in 2004 were mainly around 0.2 to 0.6, which had statistical difference with that in 1998 (q = 162.285321, P < 0.01 and q = 161.669725, P < 0.01). The greenness of three images have statistical differences(q = 178.679245, P < 0.01; q = 130.320755, P < 0.01 and q = - 48.358491, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONCombining with the snail survey, the TM images could be an effective measure for setting up models to forecast the areas where snails might live to control the Schistosomiasis epidemic.

Animals ; Environmental Monitoring ; methods ; Geographic Information Systems ; Satellite Communications ; Snails

Databases, Factual ; Epidemiology ; Geographic Information Systems ; Humans ; Satellite Communications

At present the shortage of the resources of wild and rare medicinal plants is very serious in China. So grasping the situation and change tendency of medicinal plant resources comprehensive and real-timely, is vital significance to realize the sustainable using of medicinal plant resources. In order to use the remote sensing monitor technology and method to study the resources of the wild and rare medicinal plants, this article discusses the principle, method, technology and the principle and standard based on the operation and experiment of remote sensing monitor on the resources of wild rare medicinal plant.
China ; Conservation of Natural Resources ; methods ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Satellite Communications

OBJECTIVETo study the effectiveness and feasibility of remote sensing technology in the rare species of wild plant resources.

METHODThe mechanism and characteristics of Paeonia sinjiangensis were analyzed to find the possibility of extracting from TM imagery. An expert system has been used with Landsat Thematic Mapper data to derive P. sinjiangensis. Then logical decision rules were used with the various datasets to assign values.

RESULTThe land for P. sinjiangensis possible growth were mapped and accuracy tested was approving.

CONCLUSIONThe results suggest that the remote sensing expert interpretation system using satellite imagery and ancillary data will be feasible for research of rare wild medicinal plants distribution.

Conservation of Natural Resources ; Environmental Monitoring ; Geographic Information Systems ; Paeonia ; growth & development ; Satellite Communications

This paper describes the digital earth technology and its core technology-"3S" integration technology. The advance and promotion of the "3S" technology provide more favorable means and technical support for Chinese medicine resources survey, evaluation and appropriate zoning. Grid is a mature and popular technology that can connect all kinds of information resources. The author sums up the application of digital earth technology in the research of traditional Chinese medicine resources in recent years, and proposes the new method and technical route of investigation in traditional Chinese medicine resources, traditional Chinese medicine zoning and suitability assessment by combining the digital earth technology and grid.
Conservation of Natural Resources ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Research ; Satellite Communications ; Technology

OBJECTIVETo study the impact of water level changes on the distribution of snails around lakes, and to study the possibility of forecasting the distribution of snails according to changes of water level reacted by remote sensing images.

METHODSAll information including water level information of Xingzi Hydrometric Station from 1997 to 2007, twelve TM images of Poyang Lake between 1998 and 2006 were collected. The water areas of Poyang Lake was extracted by MNDWI threshold approach, and the relationships between water areas from TM images and water level from Hydrometric Station was analyzed; Majiawan and Menqiantan marshland of Zhuxi village, Xingzi county was chosen as study pilot to set frames and investigate snails 2991 frames in 2007, and the information of snails of this pilot from 1998 to 2006 was collected to analyze the relationships between snails and water level.

RESULTSThe water areas of Poyang Lake extracted from Remote Sensing images from 1998 to 2006 was 1658.73 - 5873.48 km(2), and the corresponding daily water level of Xingzi Hydrometric Station was 9.96 - 21.72 m, according to correlation analysis, they were positive correlation relationship, the correlation coefficient was 0.96 (P < 0.01), and build a model: S = 5189.96 x ln(h) - 10 284.97; the percent of frames with living snail of zhuxi pilot from 1998 - 2007 was 28.33% - 77.46%, the corresponding monthly average water level of last August was 13.19 - 21.96 m, the corresponding highest water level of last year was 15.97 - 21.96 m, according to correlation analysis. The percent of frames with living snail of zhuxi pilot was negatively correlated with the corresponding monthly average water level of last August and the corresponding highest water level of last year, and the correlation coefficient was -0.69 (P < 0.05), and -0.77 (P < 0.01) respectively.

CONCLUSIONWater areas of Poyang Lake extracted from remote sensing images could well express the actual changes of water level, and the highest water level ahead of the year investigating snails influence the distribution of snails, thus we can estimate the distribution of snails around lakes by remote sensing images.

Animals ; China ; Environmental Monitoring ; instrumentation ; methods ; Forecasting ; Fresh Water ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; Pilot Projects ; Satellite Communications ; Snails ; physiology