Sarcoidosis is a multisystemic disorder of unknown cause that is characterized pathologically by noncaseating granulomas. Diagnosis is based on the exclusion of other infectious, interstitial, and neoplastic diseases and on the typical pathology. Although the lungs and mediastinal lymph nodes are almost involved, endobronchial nodular lesions of sarcoidosis with lung involvements are rare. We report a case of sarcoidosis with lung involvements and endobronchial nodules as confirmed by bronchial biopsy.
Biopsy ; Bronchi ; Granuloma ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Sarcoidosis ; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary

PURPOSE: To analyse the radiographic and HRCT findings of pulmonary sarcoidosis and to evaluate thediagnostic usefulness of HRCT MATERIALS AND METHODS: Initial chest radiographs (n=14) and HRCT scans (n=14), anda followup HRCT scan (n=1) from 14 patients (5 men and 9 women;median age, 38 Years) with biopsy proven pulmonarysarcoidosis were analyzed. RESULT: On initial chest radiographs, they showed pulmonary lesions were seenpredominantly in the middle, upper and lower lung zones in four, two and one patient, respectively. Patterns oflesions were reticulonodular opacities (n=4), air-space (n=2), honeycombing(n=1), macronodule(n=1), and cavitarynodule (n=1). In all patients, HRCT scans demonstrated both pulmonary lesions and intrathoracic lymphadenopathy.Pulmonary lesions were seen predominantly in the middle, lower and upper lung zones in nine, three and twopatients, and in the posterior and anterior lung zones in eight and four patients repectively. Lesions werepredominantly micronodules, with perilymphatic distribution (n=12), macronodules with air-bronchogram (n=1),cavitary macronodules (n=1), ground-glass opacity (n=5), consolidation (n=2), and irregular lines (n=8). CONCLUSION: Reticulonodular lesions in the middle lung zone were seen on radiograph, while the most common HRCTfinding was micronodular lesions with perilymhpatic distribution. HRCT is much more sensitive than chestradiograph for the detection of both pulmonary lesions and lymphadenopathy; this modality revealed micronoduleswhich were invisible on chest radiographs.
Biopsy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lung ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Male ; Radiography, Thoracic ; Sarcoidosis ; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary*

Sarcoidosis is a rare multisystemic granulomatous disease. The lungs, lymph nodes, eyes, skin and liver are the most commonly involved. There are two distinct forms of sarcoidosis in children. One is early-onset(younger) childhood sarcoidosis characterized by skin rash, uveitis, and arthritis occurring before age 4 years. The other is late-onset(older) childhood sarcoidosis characterized by involvement of the lungs, the common radiographic finding is bilateral hilar lymph node enlargements, similar to the adult manifestation. We report a case of late-onset childhood sarcoidosis in a 6-year-old girl which is the first pediatric pulmonary sarcoidosis reported in Korea.
Adult ; Arthritis ; Child* ; Exanthema ; Female* ; Humans ; Korea ; Liver ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Sarcoidosis ; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary* ; Skin ; Uveitis

Interferon alpha is an immunomodulator that is used as an antiviral agent to treat chronic active viral hepatitis C. However, interferon can induce or exacerbate sarcoidosis. We report a case of 42-year-old man with an exacerbation of pulmonary sarcoidosis after the cessation of interferon and ribavirin therapy for chronic hepatitis C. The patient's sarcoidosis improved spontaneously and he continues to be monitored regularly without steroid therapy.
Adult ; Hepatitis C ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; Hepatitis, Chronic* ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha* ; Interferons ; Ribavirin ; Sarcoidosis* ; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary

A unique case of atypical pulmonary sarcoidosis in a 62-year-old man complaining of dyspnea is presented. Chest CT scan showed an unusual pattern and distribution of pulmonary sarcoidosis manifesting mainly as reticular densities, interlobular septal thickening, and ground-glass opacities, in the subpleural and lower lung predominancy. However, a surgical lung biopsy revealed classical findings of sarcoidosis. Knowledge of this atypical pulmonary involvement may improve understanding sarcoidosis as the great masquerader.
Biopsy ; Dyspnea ; Humans ; Lung ; Lung Diseases ; Middle Aged ; Sarcoidosis ; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary ; Thorax

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem granulomatous disorder of unknown etiology presenting with bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, pulmonary, skin, and eye lesion. Sarcoidosis involving skeletal muscle is rare and occurs in two forms, nodular and myopathic. In the nodular variety, patients have single or multiple nodules in the skeletal muscles. Patients with the myopathic type have myalgia, muscle weakness, and atrophy. To our knowledge, this is the first case of sarcoidosis involving skeletal muscle in Korea. In this report, we describe a 40-year-old man presenting with nodular type of muscular sarcoidosis and stage II pulmonary sarcoidosis. By this case, we emphasize the usefulness of magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of nodular type of muscular sarcoidosis.
Adult ; Atrophy ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Korea ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Muscle Weakness ; Muscle, Skeletal* ; Myalgia ; Sarcoidosis* ; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary ; Skin

Subcutaneous sarcoidosis is rare and presents as tender or painless nodules that mostly occur on the extremities. We report a 47-year-old female patient presenting with a 1-month history of multiple asymptomatic subcutaneous nodules on the extremities. The patient had a history of myasthenia gravis for 5 years. Histopathological findings from the subcutaneous nodules showed non-caseating granulomas compatible with sarcoidosis. On inspection for internal involvement, pulmonary sarcoidosis was also detected by chest computed tomography, bronchoalveolar lavage, and transbronchial lung biopsy. The concurrence of sarcoidosis and myasthenia gravis is rare and has not been reported in the Korean literature. It may be supposed that the concurrence of these 2 separate entities is coincidental, but it has been reported that myasthenia gravis with specific antibodies is associated with sarcoidosis. This suggests that a common immunopathogenic mechanism may exist between these 2 diseases.
Antibodies ; Biopsy ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage ; Extremities ; Female ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Lung ; Middle Aged ; Myasthenia Gravis* ; Sarcoidosis* ; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary ; Thorax

Gastric sarcoidosis is a rare disease accounting for 0.1~0.9% of all sarcoidosis cases. It presents either as a systemic disease or as an isolated finding. Diagnosis is established with biopsy of a lesion. It is important to distinguish between sarcoidosis and a sarcoid-like reaction, which can be caused by Crohn's disease, foreign body reaction, fungal infection, tuberculosis, or malignancy. We report a 60-year-old woman with both gastric and pulmonary sarcoidosis.
Biopsy ; Crohn Disease ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Foreign-Body Reaction ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Rare Diseases ; Sarcoidosis ; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary* ; Stomach ; Tuberculosis

Sarcoidosis is a systemic inflammatory disease of an unknown origin and it is characterized by the presence of noncaseating epitheloid cell granulomas in multiple organs. Herein we report on a case of cutaneous and pulmonary sarcoidosis that was associated with interferon alpha treatment for hepatitis C. A 39-year-old man, a former intravenous drug user, presented with several erythematous papules on both antecubital areas. The histopathologic finding of a skin biopsy showed noncaseating granuloma. The mediastinal and axillary lymph nodes were enlarged on chest X-ray and computed tomography. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of cutaneous and pulmonary sarcoidosis that was associated with interferon treatment in the Korean dermatologic literature.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Cicatrix ; Drainage ; Drug Users ; Granuloma ; Hepatitis C ; Humans ; Interferon-alpha ; Interferons ; Lymph Nodes ; Sarcoidosis ; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary ; Skin ; Thorax

PURPOSE: To assess CT findings of pulmonary sarcoidosis and correlate these with sACE level and PFT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Between 1989 and 1995, 14 patients (4 men and 10 women, aged between 28 and 55 years) with histologically confirmed pulmonary sarcoidosis were consecutively selected. HRCT scans were performed in 12 patients and conventional CT scans in two. CT findings were reviewed by three radiologists, and were correlated with the index of disease activity based on sACE level and pulmonary function test. RESULTS: Pulmonary parenchymal abnormalities were seen in all patients ; small nodules of less than 3 mm in diameter were seen in eight. Other abnormalities were nodules of more than 3 mm in diameter (n=7), confluent nodules (n=5), ground glass opacity (n=5), patchy areas of consolidation with air bronchogram (n=5), and architectural distortion (n=3). The upper lung zone was more frequently involved than the middle or lower zone. In ten patients, the peripheral interstitum was predominantly involved, while only three patients showed predominant peribronchovascular involvement. Lymphadenopathy was noted in 13. There was no correlation between sACE level, the results of a pulmonary function test and the extent of parenchymal involvement. CONCLUSION: HRCT is valuable for the identification, characterization, and determination of the extent to which parenchymal lung is involved in sarcoidosis. The extent of this involvement does not correlate with sACE level and pulmonary function test results.
Female ; Glass ; Humans ; Lung ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Male ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Sarcoidosis ; Sarcoidosis, Pulmonary* ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed