1.The Effects of Resveratrol on Silica-Induced Lung Oxidative Stress and Inflammation in Rat
Maryam ESFAHANI ; Amir Hossein RAHBAR ; Sara Soleimani ASL ; Saed BASHIRIAN ; Effat Sadat Mir MOEINI ; Fereshteh MEHRI
Safety and Health at Work 2023;14(1):118-123
Background:
Chronic exposure to silica is related with the provocation of an inflammatory response and oxidative stress mechanism. Vitamin D has multiple benefits in biological activities particularly respiratory system disease.MethodIn this research, 20 male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into four groups (5 rats /group) as follow: Group1 received saline as (negative control) group. The group 2 received a single IT instillation of silica (positive control) group; the group 3 was co-administrated with single IT silica and Vitamin D (20 mg/kg/day) daily for a period of 90 days. The rats of group 4 received Vitamin D daily for a period of 90 days.
Results:
Silica significantly increased serum and lung total Oxidant Status (TOS). Meanwhile, silica reduced serum and lung total antioxidant capacity (TAC), GSH and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-a). Vitamin D treatment meaningfully reversed oxidative stress, antioxidants status and inflammatory response. Also, Vitamin D improved histopathological changes caused by silica.
Conclusion
These findings indicate that Vitamin D exerts protective effects against silica-induced lung injury. It seems that Vitamin D has potential use as a therapeutic object for silica induced lung injure.
2.Protective Effects of 5-HT1A Receptor Inhibition and 5-HT2A Receptor Stimulation Against Streptozotocin-Induced Apoptosis in the Hippocampus
Siamak Shahidi ; Nasrin Hashemi-Firouzi ; Simin Afshar ; Sara Soleimani Asl ; Alireza Komaki
Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences 2019;26(2):40-51
Introduction: Intracerebroventricular administration of streptozotocin (icv-STZ) induced
apoptosis changes in neurons similar to Alzheimer's disease. The serotonergic system via its
receptor involved in survival of neurons. The present study examined the ability of selective
5-HT1A receptor antagonist (NAD-299) and 5-HT2A receptor agonist (TCB-2) to attenuate the
apoptosis caused by the icv-STZ in the rat.
Methods: The icv-STZ (3 mg/kg, 10 μL, twice) induced neuronal loss in the hippocampus
of adult male rats. Animals were divided into naive control, sham-operated, STZ+saline (1 μL, icv),
STZ+NAD-299 (5 μg/μL, icv), STZ+TCB-2 (5 μg/μL, icv), and STZ+NAD-299+TCB-2 (5 μg/μL of any
agent, icv) groups. Following the 35 days’ treatment period, neuronal apoptosis was detected using
the Tunnel. Cells with morphological features of apoptotic cell were contended by microscopy.
Results: TCB-2 and NAD-299 administration decreased number of apoptotic neurons in
the treatment group compared with the STZ group. Combined treatment of STZ rat with NAD+TCB
more decreased number of apoptotic cells in compare to TCB-2 or NAD-299 treated STZ groups.
Conclusion: Treatment with 5-HT1A receptor antagonist or 5-HT2A receptor agonist
diminished apoptosis. The beneficial effect of 5HT1A receptor inhibition was potentiated with
activation of 5-HT2A receptor in prevention of apoptosis in hippocampus.