Objective Hes5 is one of the critical effectors of the Notch pathway and its expression Call inhibit neuronal differentiation.Which protein expression is influenced in cell differentiation by HeS5 remains to be determined.Methods Experiments were designed to study changes in protein expression in the subventricular zone(SVZ)of the HesS knockout mice at the postnatal day 8 using the new method of proteomic isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification(ITRAQ),and confirmed expression of the up-gnlated and down-regulated proteins by Western blotting.Results Nineteen proteins showed differences in expression levels in the SVZ of Hes5 knockout mice.When compared tO the wild type mice,expressions of 11 proteins in the knockout mice were up-regulated,and the differentially expressed proteins showed ratios of knockout/widtype between 1.20 and 1.32.Expressions of 9 proteins were down-regulated,with their ratios were between 0.77 and 0.83.The upregulated proteins have been shown to be involved in neurogenesis,cell adhesion,migration and signal transduction.The downregulated proteins have been mainly shown to be involved in growth inhibition and cytoskeleton.Westem bloning analysis further confirmed the expression of proteins from iTRAQ.Conclusion Our findings suggest that Hes5 may influence cell differentiation by regulating expression of some proteins involved in cell growth and migration,and its cytoskeleton.

Objective Hes5 is one of the critical effectors of the Notch pathway and its expression can inhibit neuronal differentiation.Which protein expression is influenced in cell differentiation by Hes5 remains to be determined. Methods Experiments were designed to study changes in protein expression in the subventricular zone(SVZ) of the Hes5 knockout mice at the postnatal day 8 using the new method of proteomic isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification(iTRAQ),and confirmed expression of the up-gulated and down-regulated proteins by Western blotting. Results Nineteen proteins showed differences in expression levels in the SVZ of Hes5 knockout mice.When compared to the wild type mice,expressions of 11 proteins in the knockout mice were up-regulated,and the differentially expressed proteins showed ratios of knockout/widtype between 1.20 and 1.32.Expressions of 9 proteins were down-regulated,with their ratios were between 0.77 and 0.83.The up-regulated proteins have been shown to be involved in neurogenesis,cell adhesion,migration and signal transduction.The down-regulated proteins have been mainly shown to be involved in growth inhibition and cytoskeleton.Western blotting analysis further confirmed the expression of proteins from iTRAQ.Conclusion Our findings suggest that Hes5 may influence cell differentiation by regulating expression of some proteins involved in cell growth and migration,and its cytoskeleton.

Objective To study the effects of rehabilitation training on angiogenesis and its ultrastructure and expression of CD32 in the peri-infarction region of rats with focal cerebral infarction. Methods Sixty-six Spra-gue-Dawley rats with experimental left middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) were used as subjects in this study. All the rats were randomly divided into three groups: a rehabilitation training group (n=30), which was given bar rotating, balancing and rolling exercises everyday after 48 hours post MCAO; a control group (n = 30) and a sham-operated group (n=6), which were fed in cages with no special training exercises. Then brain tissues were fixed on the 3rd d, 7th d, 14th d after MCAO, for observing the morphological alterations of microvessels in peri-infarction re-gion using transmission electron microscope, immunohistochemistry and Western blotting were used to measure the ex-pression of CD31, which acted as the marker of the neogenetic microvessels. Results (1) It showed that the capil-lary endothelial cells were less edematous in the rehabilitation training group, and there were less pinocytosis bullae in basal membrane more integral nucleus of endothelial cells in rehabilitation training group when compared with those in the control group. (2) Expression of CD31 can be observed in peri-infarction region in both groups from the 3rd d on-wards, and peaked on the 7th d, and then gradually went down after the 14th d. Comparison between the 2 groups showed that the expression of CD31 in rehabilitation training group was higher than that in the control group at every time point, but statistical difference between the 2 groups in this regard could be revealed only on the 7th d (P< 0.05), Conclusion Rehabilitation training could promote ultrastruetural recovery of microvessels and induce an-giogenesis in peri-infaretion region, and it might be one of the mechanisms of neural functional recovery in rats after MCAO.

Objective To study the effects of rehabilitative training on motor function and expression of GAP-43 and SYN in rats with local cerebral infarction. Methods A total of 76 male adult Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a rehabilitative training group(n=32),a control group(n=32),and a sham-operated group(n=1 2).All the rats were subjected to left middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO)with the suture occlu sion.Motor training programs including balancing,grasping,rotating and walking exercises were administered to the rats of the rehabilitative training group at 48 hours post-operation,while those of other two groups were reared in their original living status without any special training.The animals were given behavioral tests with Bederson test,balancing wood test,net screen test to assess the functional outcome,and immunohistochemistry staining was employed to evaluate the exDression of GAP-43 and SYN in peri-infarction cortex at the 3rd,7th,21 st,35th days after MACO,respectively. Results The scores of behavioral tests in the rehabilitative training group was better than those in the control group(P＜0.05)at the 7th,21 st,35th day after MCAO,and the immunostaining showed that expression of GAP-43 was higher in the rehabilitative training group than that in the control group(P＜0.05)and the sham operated group(P＜0.01)at the 7th and 21 st days post-operation,respectively,and that the expression of SYN was higher in the rehabilitative training group than that in the control(P＜0.05)and the sham operated groups(P＜0.05)at the 21 st and the 35th days post-operation,respectively. Conclusion Rehabilitative training can improve func tional recovery in rats with local cerebral infarction,and the function enhancement may be partially attributed to the up-regulation of expression of GAP-43 and SYN in peri-infarction cortex.

AIM and METHODS: The immunohistochemical method was used to study the on synapsin ex- press in hippocampal formation during spatial learning and memory in rats. RESULTS: (1 ) In control group there are diffuse brown granules without any obvious granular product in hippocampal fornation and in model group there are synapsin products in the hippocampal formation, especially in the subregion CA3, CA4 and the dentate gyrus after water maze flamed for one week. After two weeks water maze thened the hippocampal formation appear the same dis- tribution of the product edes with darker staining. (2) The light dendity of synapsin products between the model and the control groups showed significant differences, that in the model group was highter than that in the control group (P

AIM: The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of a traditional Chinese medicine SMⅠon learning and memory ability in mice with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its possible mechanisms. METHODS: The mice were treated with D-galactose and AlCl 3 to establish the AD animal model. D-galactose was given through intraperitoneal route for 62 days and AlCl 3 was given through intragastric route for 106 days. Since the 67th day, the mice in SMⅠgroup were treated with SMⅠ. The SMⅠtreatment continued for 40 days. Subsequently, the water maze test was applied to evaluate the effect of SMⅠon the AD model mice. At the last test day, the animals were killed and brain tissues were separated, and the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in mice hippocampus was observed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: By intragastric administration with SMⅠ, mice had shorter latency ( P

Objective To study the method of dose reconstruction in human body under the photon external radiation accident condition,and to verify the accuracy of the method for the local dose distribution.Methods Based on the open source Monte Carlo tool kit Geant 4 and using the human voxel phantom recommended by ICRP Publication 103,the dose reconstruction method under the condition of external radiation accident was studied to evaluate the average absorbed dose,organ absorbed dose and local dose distribution.To validate the code,several irradiation experiments were implemented in some standard radiation fields by putting TLDs in the tissue equivalent physical phantom ART.A voxel phantom was used to reconstruct the radiation doses,which was created based on the CT scan image of the ART phantom with resolution of 1.57 mm× 1.57 mm× 10.00 mm.The result of experiment were compared with those of dose reconstruction simulation.Results The relative uncertainty of the measured values was 10.9％.The relative uncertainty of the dose reconstruction simulation values was 7.10％ at the non-tissueinterface area and 16.6％ at the tissue-interface area.For 451 measuring points,the average of the simulated value divided by the measured value was 0.972,with the standard deviation of 0.083 8.In the range of 0.95-1.05,0.90-1.10 and 0.80-1.20,and the proportions were 49.2％,79.4％ and 96.4％,respectively.Conclusions The method of Monte Carlo dose reconstruction based on human voxel phantom meets the accuracy requirement of actual uses both at the whole body or organ level and at the local dose distribution level.It can be used as a powerful tool for dose assessment of the exposed people in an external radiation accidents and provide support for diagnosis and treatment.