BACKGROUND: Peroxidases (Prx) of the peroxiredoxin family reduce hydrogen peroxide and alkyl hydroperoxides to water and alcohol respectively. Hydrogen peroxide is implicated as an intracellular messenger in various cellular responses such as proliferation and differentiation. And Prx I activity is regulated by Cdc-2 mediated phosphorylation. This work was undertaken to investigate the proliferation role of peroxiredoxin III as a member of Prx family in Prx III overexpressed HeLa cell line. METHODS: To provide further evidence of proliferation, we selected Prx III stably expressed HeLa Tet-off cell lines. Cell proliferation was examined by using proliferation reagent WST-1 in the presence or absence of doxycycline. Prx III, 2-cys Prx enzymes exist as homodimer. The activation of Prx III heterodimer with induced and endogenous Prx III was examined by immunoprecipitation. RESULTS: Immunoprecipitation analysis of the induced and endogenous Prx III with anti-myc showed that the induced wild type (WT) and dominant negative (DN) Prx III from HeLa Prx III Tet-off stable cell heterodimerized with endogenous Prx III each other. And the expression level of induced Prx III was examined after addition of doxycycline. By 72 hr, the expression level of induced Prx III was diminished gradually and the half-life of the induced wild type Prx III was approximately 17 hr. The proliferation experiment demonstrated that the relative proliferation value of induced and endogenous WT Prx III stable cell has no changes but the DN Prx III induced HeLa Tet-off stable cells were lower than endogenous Prx III. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the HeLa dominant negative Prx III Tet-off stable cells were decreased the proliferation.
Cell Line ; Cell Proliferation ; Doxycycline ; Half-Life ; HeLa Cells* ; Humans* ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; Immunoprecipitation ; Peroxidases ; Peroxiredoxin III* ; Peroxiredoxins* ; Phosphorylation

Nicolau syndrome is a rare adverse reaction at the site of an intramuscular injection, and is characterized by severe pain immediately after the injection and rapid development of distinct skin lesions. As this syndrome is rare, it may be overlooked at the early clinical phase and subsequently, clinical outcomes may be worse due to delay in treatment. We report on a female who developed Nicolau syndrome following intramuscular diclofenac injection, which required surgical reconstruction. Understanding the characteristics of Nicolau syndrome and careful surveillance for relevant clinical features may help physicians to more quickly diagnose and treat this condition.
Diclofenac ; Emergencies ; Female ; Humans ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Skin ; Soft Tissue Injuries

PURPOSE: To assess the characteristics of bone metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma and the radiation field arrangement based on imaging studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifty-three patients (84 lesions) with bone metastasis from a primary hepatocellular carcinoma completed palliative radiation therapy. All patients underwent one of following imaging studies prior to the initiation of radiation therapy: a bone scan, computed tomography or magnetic resonance imaging. The median radiation dose was 30 Gy (7~40 Gy). We evaluated retrospectively the presence of soft tissue formation and the adjustment of the radiation field based on the imaging studies. RESULTS: Soft tissue formation at the site of bony disease was identified from either a CT/MRI scan (41 lesions) or from a symptomatic palpable mass (5 lesions). The adjustment of the radiation field size based on a bone scan was necessary for 31 of 41 soft tissue forming lesions (75.6%), after a review of the CT/MRI scan. The median survival from the initial indication of a hepatoma diagnosis was 8 months (2 to 71 months), with a 2-year survival rate of 38.6%. The median survival from the detection of a bone metastasis was 5 months (1 to 38 months) and the 1-year overall survival rate was 8.7%. CONCLUSION: It was again identified that bone metastasis from a primary hepatocellular carcinoma is accompanied by soft tissue formation. From this finding, an adjustment of the radiation field size based on imaging studies is required. It is advisable to obtain a CT or MRI scan of suspected bone metastasis for better tumor volume coverage prior to the initiation of radiation therapy.
Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neoplasm Metastasis* ; Retrospective Studies ; Survival Rate ; Tumor Burden

Dementia pugilistica (DP) or chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease or dementia that may affect amateur or professional boxers as well as athletes in other sports who suffer concussions. The condition is thought to affect around 15% to 20% of professional boxers and caused by repeated concussive or subconcussive blows. CTE was in the past referred to as dementia pugilistica, which reflected the prevailing notion that this condition was restricted to boxers. Recent research, however, has demonstrated neuropathological evidence of CTE in retired American football players, a professional wrestler, a professional hockey player and a soccer player, as well as in nonathletes. It is probable that many individuals are susceptible to CTE, including those who experience falls, motor vehicle accidents, assaults, epileptic seizures, or military combat, and that repeated mild closed head trauma of diverse origin is capable of instigating the neurodegenerative cascade leading to CTE. We report a 62-year old man suspicious of dementia pugilistica with clinical features of frontotemporal dementia and parkinsonism.
Athletes ; Brain Injury, Chronic ; Dementia ; Epilepsy ; Football ; Frontotemporal Dementia ; Head Injuries, Closed ; Hockey ; Humans ; Military Personnel ; Motor Vehicles ; Neurodegenerative Diseases ; Parkinsonian Disorders ; Soccer ; Sports

Sagittal synostosis with related functional aspects of elevated ICP, hydrocephalus, mental retardation and visual abnormalities, or with multiple suture synostosis, surgical correction is imperative. But, craniofacial surgery may impose a threat to an infant or small child. The blood volume in these patients is small and a minor hemorrhage may induce proportionately greater blood loss, resulting in a greater stress to the patient's system. Mortality resulting from craniofacial surgery is uncommon, mostly from operative hemorrhage and infections. Releasing the stenosis and reshaping the cranial vault is the primary operative goal. Authors sought to minimize surgical stress on the child and attain control of cranial vault reshaping by gradual distraction osteogenesis in treating children with sagittal suture synostosis. Three sagittal synostosis patients, aged from 11 months to 3 years old were treated. One of the patients had multiple suture synostosis. Patient follow-up ranged from 3 months to 3 years. Biparietal bone flap was elevated and external distraction devices were inserted. Distraction rate varied from 0.5 to 1mm/day, without a latency period. After a consolidation period of 2-3weeks, the devices were removed. Functional aspects of ICP and mental retardation subsided post surgery. Radiological follow-up showed cessation of enhancement of bone deposition at the frontal and occipital sutures. Excellent aesthetic results were accounted for in all three of the patients. Application of distraction osteogenesis in correcting sagittal craniosynostosis is very effective; surgical stress on the patients is minimal and controlled cranial vault reshaping is possible.
Blood Volume ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Craniosynostoses* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hydrocephalus ; Infant ; Intellectual Disability ; Latency Period (Psychology) ; Mortality ; Osteogenesis, Distraction* ; Sutures ; Synostosis

Background and Objectives: Studies evaluating the nature of ischemic burden of chronic total occlusion (CTO) vessels are still lacking. Methods: A total of 165 patients with single vessel CTO >2.5 mm in an epicardial coronary artery who underwent single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) were enrolled in the study. Ischemic burden was calculated with the use of semi-quantitative SPECT analysis, and was defined as the summed difference score (SDS) divided by the maximal limit of the score (=SDS/68). Results: The mean age of the participants was 59.5 years and the CTO of the left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD), left circumplex coronary artery (LCX), and right coronary artery (RCA) accounted for 93 (56.4%), 18 (10.9%), and 54 (32.7%) patients, respectively. The median ischemic burden of the total population was 8.8%, and it was highest in the LAD CTO (10.3%) compared with the LCX (5.9%) and RCA CTO (5.9%, p<0.001). High-ischemic burden (ischemic burden >10%) was observed in 66 patients (40.0%), and in 47 patients (50.5%) of the LAD CTO. Ischemic burden was different according to the CTO location only in LAD CTO. The statistically significant predictors for high-ischemic burden were hypertension, baseline ejection fraction >45%, LAD CTO, proximal CTO location, and de novo CTO. Japanese-CTO score and Rentrop scale collateral grade were not associated with high-ischemic burden. Conclusions Only 40% of patients with single vessel CTO had ischemic burden >10%. For CTO vessels, measurement of ischemic burden using SPECT prior to revascularization may be helpful in identifying beneficial subjects.