STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: For the long-term success of removable partial dentures, the bonding between metal framework and denture base resin is one of the important factors. To improve bonding between those, macro-mechanical retentive form that is included metal framework design has been generally used. However it has been known that sealing at the interface between metal framework and denture base resin is very weak, because this method uses mechanical bonding. PURPOSE: Many studies has been made to find a simple method which induces chemical bond, now various bonding system is applied to clinic. In this experiment, shear bond strengths of heat-cured denture base resin to the surface-treated Co-Cr alloy were measured before and after thermocycling. Chemically treated groups with Alloy Primer(TM), Super-Bond C&B(TM), and tribochemically treated group with Rocatec(TM) system were compared to the beadtreated control group. The data were analyzed with two-way ANOVA. RESULT: 1. Shear bond strength of bead-treated group is highest, and Alloy Primer(TM) treated group, Super-Bond C&B(TM) treated group, Rocatec(TM) system treated group were followed. Statistically significant differences were found in each treated group(p<0.05). 2. Surface treatment and thermocycling affected shear bond strength(p<0.05), however there was no interaction between two factors(p>0.05). 3. Shear bond strengths of bead-treated group and Alloy Primer(TM) treated group showed no statistically significant difference before and after thermocycling(p>0.05), and those of Super-Bond CBTM treated group and RocatecTM system treated group showed statistically significant difference after thermocycling(p<0.05).
Alloys* ; Denture Bases* ; Denture, Partial, Removable ; Dentures*

This is a case of a boy with autosomal dominant cerebellar ataxia (SCA type 2), which was confirmed by DNA analysis. A 9-year-old boy had been suffering from tremor in both arm and leg for 5 years. After traffic accident, a year ago, the symtoms were more aggravated, and he visted our hospital. The boy showed slow saccades, decreased DTR, ataxic gait and limb ataxia. We analyzed DNA repetition, which revealed positive for the SCA2 expanded repeat.
Accidents, Traffic ; Arm ; Ataxia ; Cerebellar Ataxia ; Child ; DNA ; Gait ; Humans ; Leg ; Male ; Saccades ; Spinocerebellar Ataxias* ; Tremor ; Trinucleotide Repeats

PURPOSE: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a rarely occurring disease in the pediatric population. We report our center's experience of management of HCC in children and adolescents. METHODS: From 1996 to 2012, 16 patients aged 18 or younger were diagnosed with HCC at our center. The medical records of these 16 patients were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS: There were 9 boys and 7 girls. Median age at diagnosis of HCC was 14.5 years. All patient had pathologically confirmed diagnosis of HCC. Three patients had distant metastasis at the time of HCC diagnosis. Eight patients were surgically managed, including 4 liver resections, 3 liver transplantations, and 1 intraoperative radiofrequency ablation. The remaining 8 patients received systemic chemotherapy. Overall, 6 patients are alive at median 63.6 months after diagnosis of HCC. All survivors were surgically managed patients. CONCLUSION: HCC is a rare disease occurring in childhood. Patients with systemic disease have poor outcome. Liver transplantation may be a good option for treatment of pediatric HCC.
Adolescent* ; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* ; Catheter Ablation ; Child* ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Liver ; Liver Transplantation ; Medical Records ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pediatrics ; Rare Diseases ; Retrospective Studies ; Survivors

No abstract available.
Aneurysm* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Sarcoidosis*

No abstract available.
Aneurysm* ; Coronary Vessels* ; Sarcoidosis*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Screening strategies for aortic aneurysm (AA) according to risk factors and ethnicity are controversial. This study explored the prevalence of AA and determined whether screening is necessary in a population of multiple risk factors. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: From June, 2012 to April, 2013, 542 consecutive elderly (> or =65 years) male hypertensive patients without a history of AA were prospectively enrolled. After excluding 15 patients (2.8%) with aortic valve surgery, 30 patients (5.5%) with suboptimal computed tomography (CT) images, the remaining 496 patients (age 73+/-5 years) comprised the study population. Maximal diameters of the thoracic and abdominal aorta were measured using non-contrast CT. RESULTS: The prevalence of thoracic AA (TAA, diameter > or =40 mm) and abdominal AA (AAA, diameter > or =30 mm) was 36.5% (181/496) and 6.0% (30/496), respectively. In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, determinants for TAA were age {odds ratio (OR) 1.059, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.018-1.101, p=0.005}, dyslipidemia (OR 0.621, 95% CI 0.418-0.923, p=0.018), body surface area (OR 11.92, 95% CI 2.787-50.97, p=0.001), diastolic blood pressure (OR 1.029, 95% CI 1.009-1.049, p=0.004) and AAA (OR 3.070, 95% CI 1.398-6.754, p=0.005). In contrast, AAA was independently associated with dysplipidemia (OR 2.792, 95% CI 1.091-7.143, p=0.032), current/past smokerfs (OR 4.074, 95% CI 1.160-14.31, p=0.028), and TAA (OR 3.367, 95% CI 1.550-7.313, p=0.002). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of AA was significant and TAA was more prevalent than AAA in elderly Korean males with hypertension. Future research should establish distinct screening strategies for TAA and AAA according to risk factors and ethnicity.
Aged ; Aneurysm ; Aorta ; Aorta, Abdominal ; Aortic Aneurysm* ; Aortic Valve ; Blood Pressure ; Body Surface Area ; Dyslipidemias ; Humans ; Hypertension* ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Mass Screening* ; Prevalence ; Prospective Studies ; Risk Factors

Background: Oxidative stress is generally accepted as one of the principal pathogenesis of vitiligo, and keratinocyte-melanocyte interactions are also thought to play critical roles. It is well-known that antioxidant response and autophagy protect cells against oxidative damage, but the details and the compensatory relationship between the two mechanisms in the keratinocytes of vitiligo lesions remain unclear. Objective: To evaluate the antioxidant response and autophagy status of patients with vitiligo and to explore the interactions between these two mechanisms. Methods: Ten patients with clinicopathologically proven vitiligo and 10 normal controls were enrolled in our Department of Dermatology, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Bucheon, Korea. Tissue samples of vitiligo lesions in the patient group and normal skin in the control group were immunohistochemically stained for nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), Beclin-1, microtubule-associated protein light chain 3 (LC3)-II, and p62. The immunopositivity of epidermal keratinocytes was evaluated. Results: Keratinocytes in vitiligo lesions had a significantly lower expression of Nrf2 (p=0.002) than that in the cells of normal controls. The levels of autophagy markers did not differ significantly between the two groups, but decreases in the Beclin-1 and LC3-II levels, and an increase in the p62 level in the patient group may indicate a small decrease in autophagy of patients with vitiligo. Conclusion Decreased antioxidant response and reduced autophagy may trigger melanocyte apoptosis in vitiligo lesions.

Multiple miliary osteoma cutis (MMOC) is a rare variant of osteoma, characterized by multiple eruptive hard nodules on the face. A 70-year-old female presented with multiple solid skin-colored papules on both cheeks, unresponsive to conventional medical treatments. She reported receiving an injection of an unknown cosmetic filler substance into her face by an unlicensed medical practitioner 20 years ago. Facial computed tomography showed multiple small calcifications immediately adjacent to foreign material assumed to be the filler substance in the dermis. Histological examination revealed osteoclasts, osteocytes, and eosinophilic bony tissue in the dermis, suggestive of osteoma cutis. Although the pathogenesis remains unclear, inflammation caused by injected foreign material may induce metaplastic transformation of multipotent mesenchymal cells into osteoblasts, resulting in heterotopic ossification. Dermatologists should be aware that MMOC may occur following injection of foreign material by unlicensed practitioners. Performing a detailed history and clinical evaluation may aid in the diagnosis of such recalcitrant skin lesions.

Congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis (CIPA) is an extremely rare disease characterized by insensitivity to pain, anhidrosis, and intellectual disability. CIPA is caused by a genetic mutation in the neurotrophic tyrosine receptor kinase 1 (NTRK1) gene on chromosome 1. The anhidrosis leads to cutaneous changes such as skin dryness, lichenification, and impetiginization. Moreover, patients with CIPA may experience repeated trauma and recalcitrant eczema due to excessive scratching of wounds on their skin, because they do not feel any pain. Severe whole-body eczema in a patient with CIPA may be overlooked, leading these patients to be frequently diagnosed with atopic dermatitis and common eczema.Indeed, in patients with treatment-resistant or atypically distributed eczema and underlying anhidrosis, CIPA should be considered as a potential causative disease. Increased awareness of CIPA among dermatologists is necessary to ensure that patients receive an appropriate diagnosis. Herein, we report a rare case of generalized xerotic eczema in a patient with CIPA.