The aqueous bumor makes an important role to maintain intraocular pressure. The production and outflow of aqueous humor controls the intraocular pressure. The accurate understanding of the pathway of aqueous outflow and the rate of outflow is essential to the study of glaucoma. The purpose of this study is to investigate the pathway of aqueous outflow after injection of dye into the anterior chamber, the duration of staining and the degree of delay of aqueous outflow after the use of viscoelastics. Three dyes. Gentian Violet, Methylene Blue and Viscoelastics mixed with Gentian Violer were injected into the anterior chambers of 20 eyes of 10 rabbits. The eyes were enucleated at 1 hour, 2 hour, 3 hour, 4 hour after injection of Gentian Violer and Methylene Blue. After injiection of viscoelastics mixed with Gentian violet, the eyes were enucleated at 2 hour, 4 hour, 6 hour, 8 hour, and 9 hour. The enucleated eyes were performed for frozen section and the fragments were observed by light microscopee. Gentian violet and Merhylene Blue were stained in the pathway of the pectinate ligaments, trabecular meshwork, intrascleral plexus and the pathway of the capillary network of iris and suprachoroidal space. The disappearance of injected dye was ended between 3 hour and 4 hour. And the viscoelastics mixed with dye was removed between 8 hour and 9 hour. This means that viscoelastics make the outflow of aqueous delay.
Anterior Chamber* ; Aqueous Humor* ; Capillaries ; Coloring Agents ; Frozen Sections ; Gentian Violet ; Gentiana ; Glaucoma ; Intraocular Pressure ; Iris ; Ligaments ; Methylene Blue ; Rabbits ; Trabecular Meshwork

Melanosis coli is the brownish pigmentation of the colon associted with the ingestion of anthraquinone compounds as iaxatives. The brownish discoloration of the colon mucosa is due to accumulation of macrophage containing lipofuscin pigment in the lamina propria. This is the one of the complications of laxative abuse, but the pigments disappear by withdrawing the anthraquinone. We report a case of malanosis coli histologically confirmed by fibersigmoidoscopic biopsy in a 70-year-old female patient consuming anthraquinone compound for twelve months with a review of the literature.
Aged ; Biopsy ; Colon ; Eating ; Female ; Humans ; Lipofuscin ; Macrophages ; Melanosis* ; Mucous Membrane ; Pigmentation

Pseudomyxoma peritonei is a rare disorder chracterized by abdominal distension resulting from the accumulation of a mucinous, gelatinous, translucent material which arises from rupture of pre-existing mucinous cystadenomas and cystadenocarcinomas of the ovary and mucocele of the appendix. We report 11 cases of pseudomyxoma peritonei which were diagnosed by surgical and pathological findings. The results were as follows. 1) The mean age of 11 cases was 51 years and 5 cases were male and 6 cases were female and male to female ratio was 1 to 1.2. 2) Clinical manifestations in 11 cases were abdominal distension in 5 cases (45.5%), palpable mass in 4 cases(36.6%), abdominal pain in 4 cases(36.6%), nausea in 3 cases(27.3%), weight loss in 3 cases(27.3%), diarrhea in 2 cases(18.2%), constipation in 1 case(9.0%), anal bleeding in 1 case(9.0%) and defecation difficulty in 1 case(9.0%). The duration of symptoms was 2 days to 1 year. 3) The primary sites of pseudomyxoma peritonei were ovarian cancer in 3 cases(27.2%), appendiceal cancer in 2 cases(18.2%), gastric cancer in 2 cases(18.2%), rectal cancer in 1 case(9.1%), cecal cancer in 1 case(9.1%) and unknown origin in 2 cases(18.2%). 4) Following surgical interventions were performed; right hemicolectomy in 2 cases, palliative gastrojejunostomy in 2 cases, oophorectomy in 1 case, omentectomy in 1 case and right hemicolectomy with gastrojejunostomy in 1 case. 5) The adjunctive anti-cancer chemotherapy was done in 4 cases(36.4%) by combination of actinomycin D, adriamycin, CCNU, cisplatin, cytoxan and fluorouracil, And chemotherapy only was done in 2 cases and hyperthermia was done in 1 case.
Abdominal Pain ; Appendiceal Neoplasms ; Appendix ; Cecal Neoplasms ; Cisplatin ; Constipation ; Cyclophosphamide ; Cystadenocarcinoma ; Cystadenoma, Mucinous ; Dactinomycin ; Defecation ; Diarrhea ; Doxorubicin ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Fever ; Fluorouracil ; Gastric Bypass ; Gelatin ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Lomustine ; Male ; Mucins ; Mucocele ; Nausea ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Ovariectomy ; Ovary ; Pseudomyxoma Peritonei* ; Rectal Neoplasms ; Rupture ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Weight Loss

Recently the use of hydrochloric acid as a toilet disinfectant has become more common, and the risk of its ingestion is though to be increasing. We experienced a case of 67 year-old man who accidentally ingested hydrochloric acid and as a result developed a postprandial epigastric fullness end pain 3 weeks thereafter, The patient underwent an UGI series, fiberoptic gastroscope and abdominal ultrasonography and was found to have a gastric midbody stricture. A total gastreetomy and Roux-en- Y esophagojejunostomy was performed. We report this case with brief review of the literature.
Aged ; Constriction, Pathologic ; Eating ; Gastritis* ; Gastroscopes ; Humans ; Hydrochloric Acid* ; Ultrasonography

Objective: To assess left ventricular remodeling patterns using cardiac computed tomography (CT) in children with congenital heart disease and correlate these patterns with their clinical course. Materials and Methods: Left ventricular volume and myocardial mass were quantified in 17 children with congenital heart disease who underwent initial and follow-up end-systolic cardiac CT studies with a mean follow-up duration of 8.4 ± 9.7 months. Based on changes in the indexed left ventricular myocardial mass (LVMi) and left ventricular mass-volume ratio (LVMVR), left ventricular remodeling between the two serial cardiac CT examinations was categorized into one of four patterns: pattern 1, increased LVMi and increased LVMVR; pattern 2, decreased LVMi and decreased LVMVR; pattern 3, increased LVMi and decreased LVMVR; and pattern 4, decreased LVMi and increased LVMVR. Left ventricular remodeling patterns were correlated with unfavorable clinical courses. Results: Baseline LVMi and LVMVR were 65.1 ± 37.9 g/m2 and 4.0 ± 3.2 g/mL, respectively. LVMi increased in 10 patients and decreased in seven patients. LVMVR increased in seven patients and decreased in 10 patients. Pattern 1 was observed in seven patients, pattern 2 in seven, and pattern 3 in three patients. Unfavorable events were observed in 29% (2/7) of patients with pattern 1 and 67% (2/3) of patients with pattern 3, but no such events occurred in pattern 2 during the follow-up period (4.4 ± 2.7 years). Conclusion Left ventricular remodeling patterns can be characterized using cardiac CT in children with congenital heart disease and may be used to predict their clinical course.

No abstract available.
Hemangiosarcoma*

Objective: The cervical spine presents challenges in treating metastatic cervical spinal tumors (MCSTs). Although the efficacy of cervical pedicle screw placement (CPS) has been well established, its use in combination with 5.5-mm rods for MCST has not been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of CPS combined with 5.5-mm rods in treating MCST and compare it with that of CPS combined with traditional 3.5-mm rods. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 58 patients with MCST who underwent posterior cervical spinal fusion surgery by a single surgeon between March 2012 and December 2022. Data included demographics, surgical details, imaging results, numerical rating scale score for neck pain, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, and Spine Oncology Study Group Outcomes Questionnaire responses. Results: Preoperative Spinal Instability Neoplastic Scores were significantly higher in the 5.5-mm rod group. Greater kyphotic changes in the index vertebra were observed in the 3.5-mm rod group. Neck pain reduction was significantly better in the 5.5-mm rod group. Conclusion CPS with 5.5-mm rods provides superior biomechanical stability and effectively resists forward bending momentum in posterior MCST fusion surgery. These findings support the use of 5.5-mm rods to enhance surgical outcomes.

Objective: The cervical spine presents challenges in treating metastatic cervical spinal tumors (MCSTs). Although the efficacy of cervical pedicle screw placement (CPS) has been well established, its use in combination with 5.5-mm rods for MCST has not been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of CPS combined with 5.5-mm rods in treating MCST and compare it with that of CPS combined with traditional 3.5-mm rods. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 58 patients with MCST who underwent posterior cervical spinal fusion surgery by a single surgeon between March 2012 and December 2022. Data included demographics, surgical details, imaging results, numerical rating scale score for neck pain, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, and Spine Oncology Study Group Outcomes Questionnaire responses. Results: Preoperative Spinal Instability Neoplastic Scores were significantly higher in the 5.5-mm rod group. Greater kyphotic changes in the index vertebra were observed in the 3.5-mm rod group. Neck pain reduction was significantly better in the 5.5-mm rod group. Conclusion CPS with 5.5-mm rods provides superior biomechanical stability and effectively resists forward bending momentum in posterior MCST fusion surgery. These findings support the use of 5.5-mm rods to enhance surgical outcomes.

Objective: The cervical spine presents challenges in treating metastatic cervical spinal tumors (MCSTs). Although the efficacy of cervical pedicle screw placement (CPS) has been well established, its use in combination with 5.5-mm rods for MCST has not been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of CPS combined with 5.5-mm rods in treating MCST and compare it with that of CPS combined with traditional 3.5-mm rods. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 58 patients with MCST who underwent posterior cervical spinal fusion surgery by a single surgeon between March 2012 and December 2022. Data included demographics, surgical details, imaging results, numerical rating scale score for neck pain, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, and Spine Oncology Study Group Outcomes Questionnaire responses. Results: Preoperative Spinal Instability Neoplastic Scores were significantly higher in the 5.5-mm rod group. Greater kyphotic changes in the index vertebra were observed in the 3.5-mm rod group. Neck pain reduction was significantly better in the 5.5-mm rod group. Conclusion CPS with 5.5-mm rods provides superior biomechanical stability and effectively resists forward bending momentum in posterior MCST fusion surgery. These findings support the use of 5.5-mm rods to enhance surgical outcomes.

Objective: The cervical spine presents challenges in treating metastatic cervical spinal tumors (MCSTs). Although the efficacy of cervical pedicle screw placement (CPS) has been well established, its use in combination with 5.5-mm rods for MCST has not been reported. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of CPS combined with 5.5-mm rods in treating MCST and compare it with that of CPS combined with traditional 3.5-mm rods. Methods: This retrospective study analyzed 58 patients with MCST who underwent posterior cervical spinal fusion surgery by a single surgeon between March 2012 and December 2022. Data included demographics, surgical details, imaging results, numerical rating scale score for neck pain, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group performance status, and Spine Oncology Study Group Outcomes Questionnaire responses. Results: Preoperative Spinal Instability Neoplastic Scores were significantly higher in the 5.5-mm rod group. Greater kyphotic changes in the index vertebra were observed in the 3.5-mm rod group. Neck pain reduction was significantly better in the 5.5-mm rod group. Conclusion CPS with 5.5-mm rods provides superior biomechanical stability and effectively resists forward bending momentum in posterior MCST fusion surgery. These findings support the use of 5.5-mm rods to enhance surgical outcomes.