The author investigated 100 hypertensive patients (199 eyes) on their brachial blood pressure, ophthalmic blood pressure, Fritz's index, sclerotic changes in retinal vessels, and P.S.P. test. The vascular changes of the retina were classified according to the Keith-Wagener scheme, and the sclerotic changes were represented by the point system. For the evaluation of circulatory status of the carotid system, r(s)/r(d)-carotis ratio and cerebrovascular resistance (CVR) were also calculated. The relationships between these data were studied and their results were as follows: (1) There was a linear correlation between mean ophthalmic blood pressure and mean brachial blood pressure, the correlation coefficient being plus 0.83. (2) There was also a linear relationship between fundus changes and mean ophthalmic blood pressure. The more advanced the grade of Keith-Wagener classification and the sclerotic changes, the higher the mean ophthalmic blood pressure. The rise of the mean ophthalmic blood pressure as more marked in K-W grade III, IV, and in grade IV sclerosis. (3) There was a close relationship between P.S.P. test, mean ophthalmic blood pressure and brachial blood pressure. The renal function was disturbed in patients with higher mean ophthalmic blood pressure. (4) The decrease of r(s)/r(d) carotis was always accompanied by the increase of Fritz's index, severity of sclerotic changes in the retina and advancement of the grade of K-W classification. (5) In patients with normal P.S.P. value, there was no single case of advanced sclerosis (more than 10 points of sclerosis). r(s)/r(d) carotis ratio was generally over 1.0. In patients with low P.S.P. value, however, the retinal vascular sclerosis shoshowed more marked changes, and r(s)/r(d) carotis ratio failed below 1.0. (6) Generally, there was a tendency of the increase in the CVR in accordance with the increase in Fritz's index and sclerotic changes. Moreover, functional disturbance of the kidney was usually associated with higher CVR. (7) The author proposed the possibilities that CVR value more than 0.5 or r(s)/r(d)-carotis ratio below 1.0 might represent the advanced sign of vascular sclerosis, disturbance of kidney function.
Blood Pressure ; Classification ; Humans ; Kidney ; Retina ; Retinal Vessels ; Retinaldehyde ; Sclerosis*

No abstract available.
Biological Therapy* ; Crohn Disease*

No abstract available.
Brain* ; Neuroblastoma*

A large mass as a sign of an infection is rare, and it might convince a physician that it had the appearance of a malignancy. The patient in this case visited our clinics after attending several hospitals, with a mass that had the appearance of a malignancy, based on the severe destructive findings observed on plain radiographs. We report the first documented case of a patient with a large mass (12×7×20 cm) and a low-grade infection, which developed at the proximal thigh after a hip arthroplasty. It is important to realize that an infection accompanied by a large mass, can mimic a highly destructive malignant lesion on plain radiographs.
Arthroplasty* ; Hip* ; Humans ; Thigh*

Unfused olecranon epiphysis has been reported rarely. We found an unfused olecranon tip within joint and a few small spurs on the apposing olecranon fossa and removed it successfully through the arthroscope. We think that it is a part of secondary ossification center of the olecranon and tbat it was separated through the epiphyseal plate by repetitive impaction of the tip of the olecranon into the olecranon fossa during pitching. In conclusion, fusion of the intra-articular part(articular center) of the olecranon epiphysis can not occur by nature. Repetitive extension overload during pitching may cause symptoms, and could be treated with arthroscopic control.
Adult ; Arthroscopes ; Baseball ; Epiphyses ; Growth Plate ; Humans ; Joints ; Olecranon Process

No abstract available.
Bromodeoxyuridine* ; Cervix Uteri* ; Drug Therapy* ; Female

Alteration in the hormone level associated with menstrual cycle influences the interaction between the urethra and bladder as well as detrusor function, maybe due to the common embryological origin of lower female genital and urinary tract. We tried to investigate the effect of the menstrual cycle on cystometric diagnosis through this retrospective study. 60 women with regular menstruation were enrolled in this study. The study groups were divided into 2 groups, Group I was women whose symptoms were not influenced by the menstrual cycle, Group II was women whose symptoms were adversely affected premenstrually. The majority of normal cystometric diagnosis were made in the luteal phase (Group I: 42.9% vs 4.4%, p<0.05; Group II: 50.0% vs 22.2%, p<0.05). But diagnosis of genuine stress incontinence, detrusor instability, mixed genuine stress incontinence and detrusor instability were frequently made in the follicular phase of mentruation. Normal cystometric diagnosis in the group II were more commom than the group II ( 36.8% vs 19.7%, p<0.05 ). The results of this study reveal that the timing of cystometric evaluation may influence the the detection of a positive diagnosis. In patients whose symptom are influenced by their menstrual cycle, the luteal phase may not be the correct time to make an accurate diagnosis.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Follicular Phase ; Humans ; Luteal Phase ; Menstrual Cycle* ; Menstruation ; Retrospective Studies ; Urethra ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract

No Abstract Available.
Alopecia* ; Telemedicine*

Ovarian tumor in pregnancy is not rare and benign cystic teratoma is most common ovarian tumor in pregnancy. Most ovarian tumor in pregnancy is found at first and second trimester but sometimes found at third trimester and it is difficult to make a decision for management. Moreover physician should consider fetal age and mother's condition, and weigh outcome of operation for complicated ovarian tumor in pregnancy. Torsion of ovarian tumor is not an uncommon complication during first trimester of pregnancy and puerperium but rare occurs during the third trimester of pregnancy. We have experienced a case of torsion of benign cystic teratoma of ovary which occurred at 37 weeks gestation in a 25 year-old woman. So we report this case with a brief review of literature.
Adult ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Ovary* ; Postpartum Period ; Pregnancy Trimester, First ; Pregnancy Trimester, Second ; Pregnancy Trimester, Third ; Pregnancy* ; Teratoma*

In search of the effect of air pollution on the eye, the authors examined ocular symptoms and diseases in both an urban(Seoul) and two rural populations (Suwon and Changsung). The Prevalence rate of ocular symptoms and diseases between 109 occupational drivers of more than 3 years career in Seoul area which is one of the air polluted urban areas and 150 populations in the two different rural areas as a control group were compared. The prevalence rate of ocular symptoms was 89% in Seoul, 10% in Suwon and 23% in Changsung area, and those of ocular diseases were 35%, 6% and 10% in the same areas, respectively. The prevalence rate of ocular symptoms and diseases is respectively 3 to 4 times more prevalent in occupational drivers than in the control groups. Many other etiologic factors such as occupation, labor condition, environmental stress or different way of living may influence the prevalence rate between the two groups, however, it would be presumed that the main causative factor to cause ocular symptoms and diseases is probably due to air pollution.
Air Pollution ; Gyeonggi-do ; Occupations ; Prevalence* ; Rural Population* ; Seoul