In May 2001, the Code of Medical Ethics, KMA was enacted by Korean Medical Association, but is not proclaimed yet. First of all, newly elected president of KMA should promulgate this code to the all members of the KMA and the public. The code would be used as the ext of the bio-medical ethics education for medical students and physicians as well as a concrete guideline for judgment by the independent ethics committees. And this code is due to be revised according to the change of socio-medical environment.
Education ; Ethics ; Ethics Committees ; Ethics, Medical* ; Humans ; Judgment ; Students, Medical

No abstract available.
Ethics, Medical*

No abstract available.
Genome, Human* ; Humans ; Humans*

No abstract available.
Ethics, Medical* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Education* ; Ethics* ; Humans ; Students, Medical*

No abstract available.
Korea* ; Societies, Medical*

No abstract available.
Brain* ; Craniocerebral Trauma* ; Head* ; Humans

No abstract available.

Japan received the Western medicine through Portuguese, Spanish and Netherlanders. Especially Netherlanders established House of Trade in Nagasaki. Doctors from their homeland stayed there for several years for the health care of their tradesmen, and taught Japanese Western medicine (mainly surgery). By them Anatomy books written in western languages were introduced into Japan and some Japanese had the eager to identify the real structures of human body. At last Yamawaki Toyo became the first dissector of human body in Japan(1754) and he made his own dissection records. In 1774 Sukita Kenpaku translated the Anatomy book of Kulmus into the classic Chinese. From that time on Japanese translated a lot of Anatomy books in western languages and they themselves wrote Anatomy books of their own.
Anatomy/*history ; Dissection/*history ; English Abstract ; History of Medicine, 17th Cent. ; History of Medicine, 18th Cent. ; History of Medicine, 19th Cent. ; Japan ; Publishing/*history ; Translations ; Western World

Authors investigated the services of medical missionaries during the late Yi-Dynasty and the era of the Japanese Occupation in Korea. The information and materials were got from the following primary sources: The Searching Report of the European and American Residents in Korea (1907-1942); The Korean Mission Field, Vol 1 (1905.11) - Vol 37 (1941.11); Christian Newspapers, No 1 (1915.2) - No 1128 (1937.7). Through this study we found that 280 medical missionaries came to Korea to do the medical services during the period from 1884 to 1941. Among them 133 were medical doctors, 5 dentists, 6 pharmacists and 136 nurses. And it was found that 71 medical missionaries (25%) belonged to US Northern Presbyterian Church, 50 (18%) to US Northern Methodist Church, 38 (14%) to US Southern Presbyterian Church, each 32 (11%) to US Southern Methodist Church and Society for the Propagation of the Gospel (Anglican Church), 20 (7%) to Canadian Presbyterian Church, each 12 (4%) to Australian Presbyterian Church and Catholic Church, 9 (3%) to Seventh Day Adventist Church, and 31 Western medical personnels without connection to any missionary society. So we confirmed that most of the missionary medical services during this period were performed by the American missionary societies, which was compatible with the acceptible idea. The average duration of services by the medical missionaries was 13.0 years, which was about 5 years longer than that of the non-missionary Western doctors and nurses in the same period. The medical missionaries were more in number during the era of the Japanese Occupation than during the late Yi-Dynasty, however, their socio-cultural significance seemed to be higher in the late Yi-Dynasty. And authors found that the nearly all of the medical services by the missionaries were carried out in the regions belonging to the respective missionary society.
Christianity/*history ; Colonialism/history ; English Abstract ; History of Medicine, 19th Cent. ; History of Medicine, 20th Cent. ; Japan ; Korea ; Missions and Missionaries/*history ; Religion and Medicine ; Western World