Esthetics ; Humans ; Mandibular Condyle ; Mandibular Reconstruction ; Mouth ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Transplants

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the rate and indications of cesarean delivery. METHODS: All live birth >27weeks at the Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University from 1993 to 2002(n=35,891) were retrospectively analyzed of delivery route, indication of cesarean birth, gestational age, and maternal age. RESULTS: Total cesarean rate was 29.0%(10,411/35,891) and primary rate was 16.8%(6,041/35,891). The annual primary cesarean birth rate number was increased gradually. The most common maternal age of cesarean section patients was between 26-30 years(43.7%). The most common gestational age of cesarean section patients was over 36 weeks(87.4%). Abnormal presentation and CPD were the most common indication(19.17%, 1,158/6,041) at primary cesarean deliveries. The third common indication was fetal distress(16.44%, 993/6,041). CONCLUSIONS: Total cesarean rate was increased gradually by increasing the previous section rate as well as the primary section rate. Further evaluation will be needed about the relationship between cesarean deliveries and long term fetal outcome, and the effort for VBAC will be needed.
Birth Rate ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Gestational Age ; Humans ; Live Birth ; Maternal Age ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies

BACKGROUND: In this study, we evaluated the performance of Elite microplate analyzer (Bio-Rad Laboratories, France) and the related assays (ULTRA line) for the detection of hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). METHODS: Seroconversion panels, HBsAg positive/HBsAg negative (n=99/n=1,422), anti-HCV positive/negative (n=97/n=1,670), and anti-HIV positive/negative (n=112/n=1,704) samples were used to evaluate the performance of Monolisa HBsAg ULTRA, Monolisa HCV Ag-Ab ULTRA, and Genscreen ULTRA HIV Ag-Ab, respectively. The agreement of Elite microplate analyzer with CODA analyzer (Bio-Rad Laboratories, CA, USA) was also evaluated. RESULTS: The detection limit of Monolisa HBsAg ULTRA was 0.034 IU/mL. For Monolisa HBsAg ULTRA, Monolisa HCV Ag-Ab ULTRA, and Genscreen ULTRA HIV Ag-Ab, diagnostic sensitivities were all 100%, diagnostic specificities were 100%, 99.8% and 99.9%, and total CVs (coefficients of variation) were 13.8-17.5%, 3.4-5.2%, and 7.5-9.5%, respectively. The agreement of Elite microplate analyzer with CODA analyzer was 99.5%. CONCLUSIONS: The performance of Elite microplate analyzer and the related assays on analytical sensitivity, precision, early detection, diagnostic sensitivity and specificity was all adequate for a mass screening. However, further large multi-center studies should be performed to validate our results.
Hepacivirus ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B virus ; HIV* ; Limit of Detection ; Mass Screening ; Sensitivity and Specificity

Omental cyst is a rare disease and its accurate time and cause of outbreak has not been reported. This disease is known as can be afflicted with postnatally and in case of being afflicted with pre-natally the abdominal cavity and thoracic organ of fetus are oppressed due to fetal abdominal distention leading to fetal death caused by organ dysgenesis. No medical report has yet been published on congenital omental cyst of fetus. This study was conducted on a case of congenital omental cyst of fetus we have experienced in a mother with 16weeks of gestational period and the result is hereby reported along with literally documents.
Abdominal Cavity ; Fetal Death ; Fetus ; Humans ; Mothers ; Rare Diseases

No abstract available.
Health Status Indicators* ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Laserthermia is a new method of local hyperthermia using fiber optic guided probe with computer controlled Nd-YAG laser system. We used a synthetic sapphire probe and allowed irradiation with contolled low power laser energy (less than 5W), in different thermal condition (temprature:38.5-50 degrees C) for 10 minutes, in the normal brain tissue of 18 rabbits. In results, the histological changes of brain tissue was variable (myelin condensation, chromatin condensation, nuclear waving and palisading, RBC discoloration, cell necrosis) in microscopic findings after laser irradiation, but changing area was not occured proportionally in thermal condition level. Cell necrosis appears to over 44.5 degrees C and the distance was about 1.25 mm. This study, using computer controlled laserthermia system for interstitial local hyperthermia, may offer many advantages in the experimental treatment and clinical management of tumor. Minimizing normal tissue damage is now being developed.
Aluminum Oxide ; Brain ; Chromatin ; Hyperthermia, Induced ; Lasers, Solid-State ; Necrosis ; Rabbits

Transient symptomatic zinc deficiency (TSZD) is clinically similar to acrodermatitis enteropathica. The patients are experienced dermatitis on periorifice and extremities, alopecia, diarrhea, growth retardation, anemia, delayed wound healing and infection. They showed a characteristically rapid response to zinc supplement without recurrence. We report 3 cases of TSZD infants, 2 premature infants with inadequate zinc supply and 1 mature infant with chronic diarrhea.
Acrodermatitis ; Alopecia ; Anemia ; Dermatitis ; Diarrhea ; Extremities ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Infant, Premature ; Recurrence ; Wound Healing ; Zinc*

Age Distribution ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; Salivary Gland Calculi ; Salivary Gland Diseases ; Salivary Glands ; Sialadenitis ; Submandibular Gland

There are various nasal measurement parameters for rhinoplasty, so it is difficult for surgeons to decide which measurements to place more emphasis on. Among many, we searched for measurements that are significantly altered after the augmentation rhinoplasty with nasal tip plasty to figure out which measurements are most required in preoperative preparation. From January, 2006 to July, 2008, a total of 85 patients underwent augmentation rhinoplasty with nasal tip plasty and 40 were selected for comparative analysis of preoperative and postoperative photographs. Among many measurement factors reflecting changes of a face and a nose, we measured and compared following parameters, 1) nasofrontal angle, 2) nasofacial angle, 3) nasolabial angle, 4) nasal tip angle, 5) columella-lobular angle, 6) nasal length to tip projection, 7) alar slope angle, 8) nostril axis angle, 9) lobule-to-nostril ratio before and after operations. The result was analyzed using paired t-test. The measurement parameters most significantly altered after augmentation rhinoplasty with nasal tip plasty were the increase in nasolabial angle, the decrease in nasofacial angle, and the decrease in nostril axis angle. Therefore, surgeons should place more emphasis on these parameters in preoperative planning and postoperative evaluation.
Anthropometry ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Humans ; Hypogonadism ; Mitochondrial Diseases ; Nose ; Ophthalmoplegia ; Rhinoplasty ; Succinates

PURPOSE: In this study, we evaluated the effects of training for survival prediction of terminally ill patients in terms of medical professionals' confidence, accuracy and knowledge of survival prediction. METHODS: Twenty-nine participants completed a self-administered questionnaire where they scored their confidence, accuracy and knowledge of survival prediction before and after the training session. The training was provided in July 2009 at a university hospital located in Gyeonggi province, Republic of Korea. The participants were instructed by a professor of family medicine specialized in hospice palliative medicine to predict survival of a case using the palliative prognostic score and objective prognostic score. The training was provided in the form of a PowerPoint presentation for 40 minutes. RESULTS: Participants' confidence in survival prediction significantly increased from 4.00+/-1.73 (mean+/-SD) (0~10, visual analogue scale) to 5.83+/-1.71 after the training (P<0.001). Before training, participant's level of confidence significantly correlated with their age (P=0.04). The training significantly improved the correlation between the confidence level and the number of terminal cancer patients whom they have experienced (P=0.005 before training, P=0.017 after training). Participant's accuracy in survival prediction also significantly improved from 14 of 29 (48%) to 27 of 29 (93.1%) (P<0.001). The change in knowledge of survival prediction was too small to be statistically analyzed. CONCLUSION: After training, the confidence and accuracy scores significantly improved. Further study with a greater number of participants is needed to generalize this finding.
Hospices ; Humans ; Palliative Care ; Prognosis ; Republic of Korea ; Terminally Ill ; Surveys and Questionnaires