The osteochondroma is a common benign tumor with osteocartilaginous exostosis. It may arise from any bone, but is observed most often on long tubular bones, particularly on their metaphyseal region. Osteochondroma may also arise from the rib but seldom grow to giant size. We experienced a rare case of giant osteochondroma arising from the left 5th rib. The patient, 41 years old man, had an adult fist sized mass on the left lower chest with mild aching pain on respiration. The large mass was examined by biopsy. It showed characteristic microscopic findings of osteochondroma. No evidence of malignant change was seen in this large tumor.
Adult ; Biopsy ; Humans ; Osteochondroma ; Respiration ; Ribs ; Thorax

No abstract available.
Carotid Artery, Common* ; Rupture*

We noticed a group of thoracolumbar and lumbar spine fractures showing a unique fracture pattern that consisted of 1) superior disc injury, 2) crush fracture of the upper half of the vertebral body, 3) sagittal fracture of the lower half of the vertebral body, 4) bone fragments in the spinal canal, and 5) lamina fracture. Some of these fracture patterns were present in type B burst fracture of Denis classification. The purpose of this study was to compare the difference between crush-cleavage fracture and type B burst fracture in the viewpoint of neural canal involvement and neurologic status, and functional outcome with surgical treatment. Ten cases were identified as crush-cleavage fractures in 22 type B burst fractures during a 5 year period from Mar. 1989 to Jun. 1993 at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery of Chonbuk National University Hospital. Four out of 10 crush-cleavage fractures and 4 out of 12 type B burst fractures were paraparetic. Crush-cleavage fracture must be an unstable thoracolumbar comminuted fracture, but there were no significant differences in the neural canal involvement, incidence of neurologic deficit, and in the functional outcome, compared with type B burst fracture (P>0.05). It could be classified as a progressed form of type B burst fracture in Denis classification, or as a burst-split fracture in Magerl classification in the anatomical viewpoint. In conclusion, crush-cleavage fracture must be a variant of burst fracture.
Classification ; Fractures, Comminuted ; Incidence ; Jeollabuk-do ; Neural Tube ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Orthopedics ; Spinal Canal ; Spine

Dental Occlusion ; Female ; Humans ; Incisor ; Jaw ; Lip ; Male ; Mandible ; Orthodontics ; Orthognathic Surgery ; Reference Values

OBJECTIVES: We review the sleep problems of the alcohol dependence patients. Especially we are interested in the prevalence, the severity of symptoms, anxiety, depression, and sleep quality of restless legs syndrome (RLS) in the alcohol dependence patients. METHODS: We recruit 86 alcohol dependence patients who were admitted from October 6th, 2008 to October 17th, 2008. We interviewed each patient and evaluated sleep questionnaires such as the Sleep Disorder Questionnaire (SDQ), the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the International Restless Legs Syndrome Study Group (IRLSSG) rating scale. The presence of RLS and its severity were assessed using the IRLSSG diagnostic criteria and the IRLSSG severity scale, respectively. Depression and anxiety were evaluated by the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and the Beck anxiety inventory (BAI). RESULTS: Of all 86 patients, 59 patients have insomnia, 33 patients have RLS, 30 patients have Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD), 29 patients have nightmare. RLS patients have more high score in the BAI (21.70+/-10.36 vs 14.67+/-11.98), and their sleep quality was poor in the PSQI (11.09+/-4.08 vs 7.92+/-3.91) than non-RLS patients. CONCLUSION: This study shows that alcohol dependence patients show many sleep problems such as insomnia and RLS. So we should notice that the sleep problems of alcohol dependence patients are important in clinical approach and treatment.
Alcoholism ; Anxiety ; Depression ; Dreams ; Humans ; Nocturnal Myoclonus Syndrome ; Prevalence ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Restless Legs Syndrome ; Sleep Wake Disorders ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders

This study was performed to assess the radiopacity of a variety of canal filling and retrograde root-end filling materials according to the specification concerning root canal obturation materials. Ten materials including Gutta-percha pellets, amalgam, Fuji II LC, Dyract(R) AP, Super EBA(R), IRM(R), AH 26(R), Sealapex(TM), Tubli-Seal(TM) and dentin were evaluated in this study. In the first part, densitometric reading of an each step of aluminum step wedge on occlusal film were performed at 60 kVp (0.2, 0.3, 0.4 s), 70 kVp (0.2, 0.3, 0.33 s) to decide appropriate voltage and exposure time. In the second part, ten specimens which are 5 mm in diameter and 0.5, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 mm in thickness, were fabricated from each material studied. The specimens were radiographed simultaneously with an aluminum step wedge under decided condition (60 kVp, 0.2 s). The mean radiographic density values of the materials were transformed into radiopacity expressed equivalent thickness of aluminum (mm Al). The following results were obtained. 1. Among the various conditions including 0.2 s, 0.3 s, 0.4 s at 60 kVp and 0.2 s, 0.3 s, 0.33 s at 70 kVp, the appropriate voltage and exposure time that meet the requirement of density from 0.5 to 2.0 was 0.2 s at 60 kVp. 2. All of the materials in this study had greater radiopacity than the minimun level recommended by ISO No. 4049 standards. 3. Most of the materials had greater radiopacity than 3 mm Al requirement of ANSI/ADA specification No. 57 (2000) and ISO No. 6876 (2001) standards except for Fuji II LC and Dyract. It suggests that all experimental canal filling and retrograde root-end filling materials have a sufficient radiopacity that meet the requirement concerning root canal obturation materials except for Fuji II LC and Dyract.
Aluminum ; Compomers ; Dentin ; Glass Ionomer Cements ; Gutta-Percha ; Resins, Synthetic ; Root Canal Obturation

In the case of crown-root fracture due to traumatic injury in anterior tooth and the fracture margin is located subgingivally,forced eruption has been proposed for the reconstruction of deficient bone and soft tissue. Forced eruption is one of the easiestorthodontic approaches that can have an acceptable outcome and prognosis, and has a low incidence of relapse. However, using heavy forces or very fast movements can also cause tissue damage or ankylosis. The following case reports present forced eruption as treatment option of crown fracture in maxillary anterior teeth.

Objectives: This study aimed to determine whether collagen triple helix repeat containing-1 (CTHRC1), which is involved in vascular remodeling and bone formation, can stimulate odontogenic differentiation and angiogenesis when administered to human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Materials and Methods: The viability of hDPSCs upon exposure to CTHRC1 was assessed with the WST-1 assay. CTHRC1 doses of 5, 10, and 20 µg/mL were administered to hDPSCs.Reverse-transcription polymerase reaction was used to detect dentin sialophosphoprotein, dentin matrix protein 1, vascular endothelial growth factor, and fibroblast growth factor 2. The formation of mineralization nodules was evaluated using Alizarin red. A scratch wound assay was conducted to evaluate the effect of CTHRC1 on cell migration. Data were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance followed by the Tukey post hoc test. The threshold for statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results: CTHRC1 doses of 5, 10, and 20 µg/mL had no significant effect on the viability of hDPSCs. Mineralized nodules were formed and odontogenic markers were upregulated, indicating that CTHRC1 promoted odontogenic differentiation. Scratch wound assays demonstrated that CTHRC1 significantly enhanced the migration of hDPSCs. Conclusions CTHRC1 promoted odontogenic differentiation and mineralization in hDPSCs.

Schinzel-Giedion syndrome (SGS) is a rare malformation syndrome characterized by severe midface retraction, multiple congenital malformations including hydronephrosis, congenital heart defect, skeletal anomalies and hypertrichosis, and a higher prevalence of tumors. We experienced a case of a male newborn with SGS showing midface retraction with infraorbital deep groove, hypospadia, bilateral hydronephrosis, and hypotonia. At the age of 2 months, hepatosplenogmegaly with unknown cause appeared. There was no evidence of hepatoblastoma in abdominal computed tomography. SGS is known to have an autosomal recessive inheritance pattern. Recently, it has been suggested that de novo mutations of SETBP1 causes SGS. However, there has been no report regarding the genetic analysis of SGS in the Korean population. We first sequenced the exones using array CGH and SETBP1 gene analysis in Korea. However, no specific gene mutation was apparent.
Abnormalities, Multiple ; Craniofacial Abnormalities ; Exons ; Female ; Hand Deformities, Congenital ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Hepatoblastoma ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Hypertrichosis ; Hypospadias ; Infant, Newborn ; Inheritance Patterns ; Intellectual Disability ; Korea ; Male ; Muscle Hypotonia ; Nails, Malformed ; Prevalence ; Risk Factors ; Seizures

The CD44 protein has a functional domain for binding hyaluronic acid, maintaining the integrity and structure of the epithelium. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the presence and comparison of distribution of CD44 in human and rabbit corneas using immunohistochemical staining method. Immunostaining for CD44 was observed in the epithelium, endothelium and human stromal keratocytes. In particular, the strong positive deposition for CD44 can be seen in basal and limbal layers of the epithelium and in the endothelium. Immunodeposits for CD44 in rabbit cornea were detected in superficial parts of the epithelium, while they were localized in deep stromal keratocytes and the endothelium. In conjunctival tissue, immunostaining for CD44 was found in the epithelium, connective tissue, and vascular endothelium in human specimen but was faintly demonstrated only in the extracellular matrix of connective tissue in the rabbit conjunctiva. No immunostaining for CD44 was seen in control case. Our results suggest that CD44 protein can be seen both in human and rabbit corneas. However, there was different distribution of CD44 between two specimens.
Conjunctiva ; Connective Tissue ; Cornea* ; Endothelium ; Endothelium, Vascular ; Epithelium ; Extracellular Matrix ; Humans* ; Hyaluronic Acid