No abstract available.
Enterocolitis, Necrotizing* ; Soy Milk*

No abstract available.
Management Information Systems* ; Occupational Health Services* ; Occupational Health*

No abstract available.
Animals ; Coal* ; Dust* ; Lung* ; Rats* ; Silicon Dioxide*

Adjustable suture technique may be indicated for strabismus surgery when the surgical outcome will be uncertain. We used ketamine intramuscular injection for sedation the day, and performed adjustment after the surgery to enhance the postoperative success rate. The results were analyzed. The average age of the 29 pediatric patients was 53.5 +/-21 months and they were devided into 22 exotropia group and 7 esotropia group. The minimal postoperative observation period was 3 months(average 4.2+/-1.6 months). Among 22 exotropia patients, 13 patients were adjusted and the advancement amount was 1~2 mm. Esotropia was not adjusted. In the final follow-up evaluation, 19 exotropic patients(86.4%)and 7 esotropic patients showed the favorable outcome. However, 3 exotropic patients failed. Two were overcorrected and 1 was undercorrected. In 1 overcorrected case, the postoperative V pattern esotropia occurred. When the alignment can be measured and the picture of external eyes can be obtained, postoprative adjustment was possible after ketamine intramuscular injection. Since the degree of preoperative alignment and the precise evaluation of preadjustment alignment play an important role in determining the advancement amount, careful evaluation should be performed.
Anesthesia* ; Esotropia ; Exotropia ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Ketamine* ; Strabismus* ; Suture Techniques* ; Sutures*

No abstract available.
Extremities* ; Sarcoma*

The hallmark of exfoliation syndrome is the appearance of white granular deposits and dandruff-like flakes on the lens,iris and angle. The incidence of glaucoma is high,and due to zonular weakening, complications are likely to occur in cataract surgery. A histopathological study with electron microscopy was performed on the iris and conjunctival tissue in order to clarify the production process of exfoliation material in the eyes with exfoliation syndrome. The materials were obtained from 13 eyes with exfoliation syndrome during surgery for glaucoma or cataract. The clumps of microfibrils were observed in the extracellular matrix, and the exfoliation materials were closely related with microfibrils.It was found that the basic unit of the exfoliation materials was microfibril. The cellular degenerations were observed in the basement membrane of capillary endothelium, especially the cells near the iris vessels. The exfoliation materials were observed around the degenerated cells; the mature or immature exfoliation materials around the iris melanocyte which show the various degrees of degeneration. The more degeneration and melting of the cells, the larger amount of exfoliation materials. This study suggests that the exfoliation materials in the eyes with exfoliation syndrome are derived from the abnormal microfibril, abnormal basement membrane, and degenerated cell itself.
Basement Membrane ; Cataract ; Endothelium, Vascular ; Exfoliation Syndrome* ; Extracellular Matrix ; Freezing ; Glaucoma ; Incidence ; Iris ; Melanocytes ; Microfibrils ; Microscopy, Electron

No abstract available.
Rubinstein-Taybi Syndrome*

No abstract available.

PURPOSE: Fever plays an important role in causing disturbances in the fluid and electrolyte balance, especially in an immature brain. Recently, it was reported that hyponatremia enhanced the susceptibility of febrile convulsions in children and increased the risk of repeat convulsions during the same febrile illness. We studied the relationship between hyponatremia and febrile convulsions. METHODS: Blood samples for electrolyte measurements were taken from 52 children who visited Chosun University Hospital between June 1997 and July 1998(patient group I: simple febrile convulsion, patient group II: repeated febrile convulsions). We checked serum electrolytes in groups of age-matched controls(control group I: no fever, no convulsion, control group II: fever only, control group III: non-febrile convulsion). The results were analyzed by Student's t-test and ANOVA test. RESULTS: The mean serum sodium level of both patient groups(136.8+/-2.3mmol/L) was significantly lower when compared to all control groups(control groupI: 140.7+/-2.5mmol/L, control group II: 139.7+/-3.1mmol/L, control group III: 139.7+/-4.6mmol/L)(P<0.05). The mean serum sodium levels were not different between each of the control groups(P>0.05). The mean serum sodium level in the group with repeat convulsions(136.8+/-2.4mmol/L) was not significantly lower than the mean in the group with simple febrile convulsions(136.7+/-2.2mmol/L). There was no statistical relationship between the level of serum sodium and the probability of repeat convulsions(r=0.19, P>0.05). CONCLUSION: Our results show that low serum sodium concentration may increase the risk of febrile convulsions. However, there is no statistical relationship between the level of serum sodium and the probability of repeat convulsions. These findings warrant further studies on the relationship between the control of electrolyte levels and seizures.
Brain ; Child ; Electrolytes ; Fever ; Humans ; Hyponatremia ; Seizures ; Seizures, Febrile* ; Sodium* ; Water-Electrolyte Balance

Metastases involving central nervous system are relatively frequent in advanced cancer patients. The incidence of brain metastases has increased over time, probably as a result of advances in neuro-imaging procedures and improvements in the treatment of primary tumour and systemic disease, which has led to an increase of survival. Treatment for metastases involving central nervous systme includes corticosteroids, anticonvulsants to control seizures, surgery, radiotherapy, radiosurgery and chemotherapy. The appropriate aim of treatment is maintenance of quality of life.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones ; Anticonvulsants ; Brain ; Central Nervous System ; Humans ; Incidence ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Quality of Life ; Radiosurgery ; Seizures ; Spinal Cord ; Spinal Cord Compression