No abstract available.
Helicobacter pylori* ; Helicobacter*

Anisakiasis is a parasitic infectious disease caused by eating raw, infected fish. It causes severe abdominal pain-like acute abdomen, but not fatal. Anisakiasis was firstly reported by van Thiel et al. in 1960 in Netherlands and it has subsequently been reported in the Netherlands, Japan, the United states, Korea as well as other nations. Because Koreans like eating raw fish, the anisakiasis of the stomach was occasionally reported, but the case of severe gastric bleeding was very rare. So we report one case of gastric ulcer bleeding due to gastric anisakis larva proven by endoscopy and gastric resection.
Abdomen, Acute ; Anisakiasis* ; Anisakis ; Communicable Diseases ; Eating ; Endoscopy ; Hemorrhage* ; Japan ; Korea ; Larva ; Netherlands ; Stomach ; Stomach Ulcer* ; United States

Endoscopic injection sclerotheraphy(EIS) was an effective method for treatment of bleeding esophageal varices. However, it might be associated with some undesirable complications. Endoscopic variceal ligation(EVL) is a recently developed method for control of active variceal bleeding and eradicating esophageal varices with similar efficacy and minimal risk of complications compare to EIS. We performed EVL in 40 patients who had recently bled from esophageal varices. Total 198 variceal ligations were performed during 64 separate EVL session. Control rate of acute bleeding was 90%(36 of 40patients) and 4 patients died after EVL because of failure of bleeding control. Rebleeding following initiation of EVL occured in 5 patients-three patients were successfully controlled by EVL, one patient was controlled but eradication was impossible and one patient died. Varices were eradicated or reduced to grade I in 31(86.1%) of 36 survivors by 1-9 ligation(mean 5.0) in l-4 EVL sessions(mean 1.6). After EVL, there were mild complications-mild substernal discomfort in 4 patients, mild dysphagia in 2 patients and fever in 2 patients. These results suggest that EVL is a safe and effective method for treatment of bleeding and eradication of esophageal varices with less complication.
Deglutition Disorders ; Esophageal and Gastric Varices* ; Fever ; Hemorrhage* ; Humans ; Ligation* ; Survivors ; Varicose Veins

No abstract available.
Gene Expression* ; Virulence*

Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are widely used in clinical practice from early 1990s for the treatment of acid- related diseases. PPIs are superior to histamine2-receptor antagonists or anticholinergic agents. These drugs have proven to be effective, safe and well-tolerated during the past two decades. This brief review presents the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of PPIs and presents clincal applications of the drugs in acid-related diseases.
Gastric Acid/*secretion ; Gastrointestinal Agents/pharmacokinetics/*pharmacology/therapeutic use ; Humans ; Proton Pumps/*antagonists & inhibitors

No abstract available.
Fibronectins* ; Staphylococcus aureus* ; Staphylococcus*

Methoxyflurane, a new anesthetic agent, was administered to one hundred surgical patients. The following are the results of clinical observation and liver function tests. (1) Methoxyflurane is easily administered with a relatively simple vaporizer such as Heidbrink No.8 ether vaporizer in semi-closed system. (2) Blood pressure, pulse rate and cardiac rhythm are remarkably stable if deep anesthesia is avoided. (3) Excellent muscle relaxation is produced at intermediate levels of anesthesia without producing apnea. To avoid overdose it is recommended, however, to use muscle relaxants for operations which require highest degree of muscle relaxation such as upper abdominal procedures. (4) Assisted respirstion is advocated since methoxyflurane tends to depress respiration. (5) Depth of anesthesia is easily controlled with growing experience so that overdose can be avoided. (6) Analgesia extends into the recovery phase, minimizing the need for narcotics in the immediate postoperative period. (7) lnduction of and recovery from anesthesia is relatively prolonged. However, nausea, vomiting or delirium is less frequent than after ether anesthesia. (8) Hepatotoxicity, as determined by bromsulphalein, retention is of the same magnitude as that determined for diethyl ether.
Analgesia ; Anesthesia ; Apnea ; Blood Pressure ; Delirium ; Ether ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Liver Function Tests ; Methoxyflurane* ; Muscle Relaxation ; Narcotics ; Nausea ; Nebulizers and Vaporizers ; Postoperative Period ; Respiration ; Sulfobromophthalein ; Vomiting

The anthelminthic effect of phenylene-diisothiocyanate-(1,4)(=Jonit) was studied on the eighty three cases infected with Ancylostoma duodenale. For the evalution, the number of eggs per gram of feces on all these cases was calculated before treatment. The follow-up for the egg reduction was carried out over a period of four weeks. The sixty-seven cases were treated in dosage schedule of 3 x 100 mg every 12 hours. The cure rates - the rate of negative conversion of eggs - was 74.6 percent and the total egg reduction rate of 94.2% was obtained. The ten out of 14 cases treated in the dosage schedule of 2 x 100 mg every 12 hours showed 100% egg reduction and the cure rate was 71.4%. In this group. the total egg reduction rate of 78.6% was noted. In the dosage schedule of 2 x 50 mg every 12 hours the remainder, two out of total 83 cases showed 100% egg reduction. Side effects were observed as being mild, 51 cases (56.6%) were free of side reactions and the most frequently noted side effects were vertigo and diarrhea. From the above results, it is concluded that Jonit is an effective antheminthic against Ancylostoma duodenale and its effectiveness is quite equivalent to that of a known recommended anti-hookworm products.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; Ancylostoma duodenale ; chemotherapy ; phenylene-diisothiocyanate ; Jonit

The gastrointestinal polyp is a premalignant lesion in varying degree. According to the size, the pathology and the location of polyps, it should be removed. Polyps in the gastrointestinal tract can be removed by surgical excision, electrosurgery, cryotherapy, regional radiotherapy and laser therapy with some limitations. Considerable advance in therapeutic endoscopy as well as in diagnostic endoscopy along with newly developed instruments has now made it possible to excise gastrointestinal polyps by means of high frequency generator. We have underwent endoscopic polypectomy, strip biopsy and "O" ring ligation on gastric polyps in 112 patients who visited in this hospital from July l988 to January 1994, and the clinical characteristics including histopathology has been evaluated. Removed polyps were variable in size from less than 0.5 cm up to 4cm. Finally, we concluded that endoscopic polypectomy is a safe and relativly simple procedure and postpolypectomy complication can be considerably reduced by conservative antiulcer therapy.
Biopsy ; Cryotherapy ; Electrosurgery ; Endoscopy ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Humans ; Laser Therapy ; Ligation ; Pathology ; Polyps* ; Radiotherapy

The adult trematodes, Fasciola hepatica, Eurytrema pancreaticum and Paramphistomum cervi, employed in this experiment were obtained from the cattle slaughtered at the local abbatoir. The worms selected and washed several times in normal sterilized saline solution. Each about ten of intact F. hepatica, fourty of E. pancreaticum, and twenty of P. cervi were incubated in 50 cc volume of special incubation flasks with incubation medium consisting of 10 cc. of Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer(pH 7.4) The incubation medium was added C(14)-1-acetate and non-radioactive carrier Na-acetate so as to contain acetate concentration of 50 mg per cent . The worms were allowed to incubate for 5 hours in the Dubnoff metabolic shaking incubator at 38 C. After incubation period, respiratory CO(2) samples from central well of incubation flask were analysed for total CO(2) production rate and their specific activity of respiratory CO(2). The lactate and pyruvate appearance rates were determined by analyzing the lactate and pyruvate concentration in a medium after incubation. The glycogen samples isolated from worms were analyzed for the tissue concentration and their radioactivities in order to determine the turnover rate of glycogen pool. Radioactivities of these series of experiments were counted by an endwindow Geiger-Muller counter as an infinitely thin samples. The quantitative analysis of C(14)-acetate utilized by F. hepatica, E. pancreaticum and P. cervi were compared and discussed in this report. According to these data of the experiment, it is suggested that the fatty acid such as acetate may play a part of their oxidative process into the respiratory CO2 and the synthetic process into glycogen in the above species of trematodes.
parasitology ; helminth ; trematoda ; Fasciola hepatica ; Eurytrema pancreaticum ; Paramphistomum cervi ; acetate ; metabolism ; biochemistry ; CO(2) ; glycogen ; Krebs-Ringer phosphate buffer