No abstract available.
Hypertension, Portal*

Dementia is defined as a syndrome which is characterized by various impairments in cognitive functions, especially memory function, Most of the diagnostic criteria for dementia include memory impairment as no essential feature. Memory decline can be present as a consequence of the aging process, But it does not cause significant distress or impairment in social and occupational functionings while dementiadoes. Depression may also be associated with memory impairment. funcitionings while dementiadoes. Depression may also be associated with memory impairment. However, unlike dementia, depression dose not cause decrease in delayed verbal learning and recognition memory. In dementia, different features of memory impairment may be present depending on the involved area. Memory impairment in cortical dementia is affected by the disturbance of encoding of information and memory consolidation, while memory imparnene in subcrotical denentiy is affected y the disturbance of retrieval in subcortial dementia.
Aging ; Dementia ; Depression ; Humans ; Memory* ; Verbal Learning

No abstract available.
Catheters*

[Background] Over the last thirty years, majority of researches on clinical effectiveness of acupuncture have been explanatory (or experimental) randomized controlled trial. The benefits of acupuncture in clinical trials are stillcontroversial and most studies concluded that further control studies were required. Standardized combinations of acupuncture points for all the experimental subjects in various past studies have been criticized because such treatments do not reflect current routine clinical treatment.
[Objective] This paper aims to review pragmatic clinical trials on the effect of acupuncture treatment and to develop the ideal clinical research methodology of acupuncture study.
[Method] Clinical studies of acupuncture relevant with pragmatic or individualized trials were searched mainly in Pubmed and Science direct databases. All articles were fully reviewed by researchers, and data were evaluated by usage of a standardized form.
[Results & Suggestion] Pragmatic acupuncture researches were tried for various symptoms (eg. low back pain, hypertension, depression during pregnancy, sleep quality in HIV disease, chronic poststroke leg spasticity, headache, etc). Individualized acupuncture treatments based on oriental disease pattern diagnosis reflexes practical treatments which is more effective than unified and fixed acupuncture treatments without any theoretical basis of oriental medical philosophy.
[Conclusion] To overcome the controversies and limitations of past explanatory acupuncture trials, more individualized and tailored acupuncture trials with the theoretical basis of oriental medical diagnosis is highly recommended. Also clear definition and categorization of pattern identification should be established for further active clinical researches and applications of acupuncture.

The anthelminthic effect of phenylene-diisothiocyanate-(1,4)(=Jonit) was studied on the eighty three cases infected with Ancylostoma duodenale. For the evalution, the number of eggs per gram of feces on all these cases was calculated before treatment. The follow-up for the egg reduction was carried out over a period of four weeks. The sixty-seven cases were treated in dosage schedule of 3 x 100 mg every 12 hours. The cure rates - the rate of negative conversion of eggs - was 74.6 percent and the total egg reduction rate of 94.2% was obtained. The ten out of 14 cases treated in the dosage schedule of 2 x 100 mg every 12 hours showed 100% egg reduction and the cure rate was 71.4%. In this group. the total egg reduction rate of 78.6% was noted. In the dosage schedule of 2 x 50 mg every 12 hours the remainder, two out of total 83 cases showed 100% egg reduction. Side effects were observed as being mild, 51 cases (56.6%) were free of side reactions and the most frequently noted side effects were vertigo and diarrhea. From the above results, it is concluded that Jonit is an effective antheminthic against Ancylostoma duodenale and its effectiveness is quite equivalent to that of a known recommended anti-hookworm products.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda ; Ancylostoma duodenale ; chemotherapy ; phenylene-diisothiocyanate ; Jonit

No abstract available.
Allografts* ; Animals ; Mice*

BACKGROUND: Methods for evaluating left ventricular diastolic function have been used exclusively in cardiac patients in sinus rhythm and have not been applied to atrial fibrillation because of large cycle variation in flow velocities and absence of atrial contraction. The utility of these rnethods in atrial fibrillation is unknown, especially M-rnode Doppler echocardiography and automatic border detection method. METHODS: Left Ventricular Normal group(LVN group, Ejection fraction> 40%) of 21 patients(mean age 67 years old, 12 men, 9 women) and Left Ventricular Dysfunction group (LVD group, EF ( 40%) of 15 patients(mean age 64 years old, 11 men, 4 women) were studied. We measured parameters in pulsed Doppler recordings of rnitral flow velocity and the flow propagation velocity in color M-mode recording of mitral flow, and peak filling rate from automatic border detection system. Measurements were averaged over 10 cardiac cycles. RESULTS: Mean heart rates were not different in both population(LVN 79+/-18/min, LVD 83+/-16/min). Left ventricular diastolic dimension were more dilated LVD group than LVN group(5.7+/-1.0crn, 4.6+/-0.7cm p < 0.05) but left atrial dimension were similar(4.4+/-0.8cm, 4.3+/-0.7cm). Deceleration time was significantly shortened in LVD group(158.4+/-24.4ms vs. 180.4+37.6ms, p < 0.05) but other parameters of mitral pulsed Doppler recording such as IVRT, acceleration time, acceleration rate and deceleration rate were not different. Flow propagation velocities were significantly decreased in LVD group(41.7+/-14.9cm/s vs. 53.0+/-11. 9cm/s, p < 0.05). Peak filling rates of automatic border detection system were significantly decreased in LVD group(3.4+/-1.2 EDV/s vs 5.4+/-1.1 EDV/s, p< 0.001). CONCLUSION: Echocardiographic measurements of diastolic function via color M-mode Doppler and autornatic border detection may be useful in presence of atrial fibrillation as sinvs rhythm.
Acceleration ; Aged ; Atrial Fibrillation* ; Deceleration ; Echocardiography ; Echocardiography, Doppler ; Heart Rate ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Ventricular Dysfunction, Left

Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) is a conjugation enzyme in the metabolism of exogenous and endogenous lipophilic compounds for their excretion and detoxification. Acidic isozyme of GST, GST-Pi, has been recognized as a preneoplastic marker in the experimental hyperplastic nodules of liver in rats, and GST-Pi is abundant in the squamous cells of the skin, also. This histochemical study was carried out to evaluate the distribution and the relationship between the differentiation status of squamous cells in dysplastic or neoplastic epithelium in various organs. The human placental form of glutathione S-transferase (GST-Pi) were stained immunohistochemically with specific anti GST-Pi rabbit antibody in 23 cases of human squamous cell carcinomas. The patients consisted of 14 cases from the uterine cervix, 3 cases from the esopahgus, 3 cases from the lung and 3 cases from the larynx. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Basal cells in normal mucosa were stained negative for GST-Pi while superficial keratinocytes were stained moderately positive. Basal dysplastic cells were stained negatively or weakly positive. Carcinoma cells especially large cells either keratinizing or nonkeratinizing were stained moderately to strongly. Carcinoma cells surrounding keratin pearl were strongly reacted with GST-Pi than other carcinoma cells. 2. Differentiated cells of squamous cell carcinoma showed moderate to strong positive reaction to GST-Pi staining irrespective of its site of origin. 3. Therefore, Immunohistochemical staining pattern of GST-Pi in various squamous carcinoma cells showed similar immunohistochemical reaction to the GST-pi, which is closely correlated to the degree of differentiation, keratinigation and also suggested that squamous carcinoma cells had abundant GST-Pi related detoxifying system.
Humans ; Rabbits ; Animals

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA, PC10), an auxillary protein of DNA polymerase, plays a main role in the early stage of DNA Synthesis and is synthesized from Gl phase to s phase of the cell cycle. Nucleolar organizer region (NORs) are DNA loops encoding RNA proteins(AgNORs). To evaluate correlation with PCNA labelling index (LI)and AgNORs according to histological grades and clinical stages of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder, the authors analysed 54 transitional cell carcinoma using immunohistochemical stain for PCNA and silver stain for AgNORs in paraffin sections. The comparison of PCNA (PC10) LI and clinical stage showed a significant correlation (p<0.05), where as PCNA (PC10) LI according to histologic grade showed no significant correlation. High grade tumors showed increase PCNA LI. Superficial tumors (Ta-Tl) showed significantly lower PCNA LI than muscle invasive tumors (T2-T4)(p<0.05). There was no significant correlation between AgNORs and clinical stage, bur higher stage and higher grade tumors showed increased noubers of AgNORs. These results suggest that PCNA LI has a significant correlation with clinical stages of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder.

No abstract available.
Jaundice, Chronic Idiopathic*