Objective: The I-gel device and endotracheal tube are used for advanced airway management during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). This study compares differences in the ventilation volume according to the fixation methods (tape and band) of I-gel using a simulation manikin. Methods: I-gel was placed in an advanced life support simulator and fixed with either tape or band fixation, and an endotracheal tube was inserted using an endotracheal tube holder (AnchorFast). CPR was performed according to the 2020 Korean CPR guidelines, using a mechanical chest compression device (LUCAS) and an adult bag. CPR was performed for 30 minutes. Positional shifts of the I-gel and endotracheal tube and differences in the ventilation volume on the simulation manikin were subsequently measured. Five trials were carried out in each setting. Statistical analysis was carried out using SPSS version 27.0. A P-value <0.05 is considered significant. Results: The following positional shifts were obtained after 30 minutes of CPR: I-gel tape fixation, 4.96±0.72 mm; I-gel band fixation, no change; endotracheal tube holder, no change. The mean ventilation volumes obtained were 504.43± 14.42, 536.86±5.56, and 528.38±8.81 mL, respectively. Conclusion Our results indicate that the use of I-gel is as effective as an endotracheal tube for initial airway maintenance during CPR in the hospital. We recommend using an elastic band-type fixation device for the fixation method.

PURPOSE: The aim of this review was to analyze the evaluation criteria on mandibular implant overdentures through a systematic review and suggest standardized evaluation criteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic literature search was conducted by PubMed search strategy and hand-searching of relevant journals from included studies considering inclusion and exclusion criteria. Randomized clinical trials (RCT) and clinical trial studies comparing attachment systems on mandibular implant overdentures until December, 2011 were selected. Twenty nine studies were finally selected and the data about evaluation methods were collected. RESULTS: Evaluation criteria could be classified into 4 groups (implant survival, peri-implant tissue evaluation, prosthetic evaluation, and patient satisfaction). Among 29 studies, 21 studies presented implant survival rate, while any studies reporting implant failure did not present cumulative implant survival rate. Seventeen studies evaluating peri-implant tissue status presented following items as evaluation criteria; marginal bone level (14), plaque Index (13), probing depth (8), bleeding index (8), attachment gingiva level (8), gingival index (6), amount of keratinized gingiva (1). Eighteen studies evaluating prosthetic maintenance and complication also presented following items as evaluation criteria; loose matrix (17), female detachment (15), denture fracture (15), denture relining (14), abutment fracture (14), abutment screw loosening (11), and occlusal adjustment (9). Atypical questionnaire (9), Visual analog scales (VAS) (4), and Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP) (1) were used as the format of criteria to evaluate patients satisfaction in 14 studies. CONCLUSION: For evaluation of implant overdenture, it is necessary to include cumulative survival rate for implant evaluation. It is suggested that peri-implant tissue evaluation criteria include marginal bone level, plaque index, bleeding index, probing depth, and attached gingiva level. It is also suggested that prosthetic evaluation criteria include loose matrix, female detachment, denture fracture, denture relining, abutment fracture, abutment screw loosening, and occlusal adjustment. Finally standardized criteria like OHIP-EDENT or VAS are required for patient satisfaction.
Dental Implants ; Denture Rebasing ; Denture, Overlay* ; Dentures ; Female ; Gingiva ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Mandibular Prosthesis ; Occlusal Adjustment ; Oral Health ; Patient Satisfaction ; Periodontal Index ; Survival Rate ; Visual Analog Scale ; Surveys and Questionnaires

Since June 1978, 40 patients who had been taken renal arteriographies were analysed and following results were obtained. 1. Male to female ratio was approximately 1:1 and peak incidence was in the fifth decade. 2. The symptoms and signs as indications for renal arteriography were flank pain, gross hematuria, renal trauma, flank and abdominal mass, in decreasing order of frequency. 3. Renal arteriographies were performed in 8 patients who showed gross hematuria but normal excretory urography. In 6 patients arteriography showed clearly the absence of abnormal vasculature within the kidney. In the other two, the kidney were identified as having inflammatory change and arteriovenous malformation, respectively. 4. Arteriographically detected extravasation of urine which were not identified on excretory urography was noted in one case. 5. The over-all accuracy of the angiographic diagnosis of simple benign cyst and renal tumor was 100%.
Angiography* ; Arteriovenous Malformations ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Flank Pain ; Hematuria ; Humans ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Male ; Urography

No abstract available.
Erectile Dysfunction* ; Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory* ; Male

Twenty vesicoureteral reflux patients with 31 reflux renal units were treated with endoscopic Teflon injection. Twenty one reflux renal units were cured and the success rate after first injection was 67.7 %. In 5 more renal units the second injection was done and the refluxes were subsided in all cases. The overall success rate was 83.9 %. Teflon injection was also effective in vesicoureteral reflux with neurogenic bladder. There are many benefits of endoscopic Teflon injection in the treatment of vesicoureteral reflux but long term follow-up is needed and we must consider the possibility or complication especially in child.
Child ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Polytetrafluoroethylene* ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic ; Vesico-Ureteral Reflux*

An objective finding for the diagnosis of interstitial cystitis (IC) is the so called `glomerulation`, petechial hemorrhages that occur after distention of the bladder. Glomerulation occurs in most IC patients and although there are some reports that it occurs in the normal bladder as well, there has been no actual study carried out to confirm this and further study into this matter is needed. Therefore, we induced glomerulations in non-IC patients and compared its frequency and severity with IC patients in order to elucidate the importance of glomerulation in IC. 25 (10 males, 15 females; mean age 44.3 years) IC patients received hydrodistention between Jan 1992 to Sep 1996 at the Department of Urology at Yongdong Severance Hospital. 12 (8 males, 4 females; mean age 47.5 years) non-IC patients who were to receive urological surgery under spinal or general anesthesia were selected for hydrodistention; there were 6 ureter stone, 4 BPH, and 2 stress urinary incontinence patients. 92.0% (23/25) of IC patients and 83.3% (10/12) of non-IC patients showed glomerulation and there was no statistical significance between the two groups. 76.0% (6 grade 2, 13 grade 3 glomerulation) of IC patients and 50.0% (3 grade 2, 3 grade 3) of non-IC patients showed glomerulation of grade 2 or higher. The frequency and severity of glomerulation was in an inverse relationship with trabeculation of the bladder. The sensitivity of glomerulation in the diagnosis of IC was 92.0% whereas the specificity was low with 16.7%. These findings suggest that glomerulation is nonspecific in IC and warrants further investigation.
Anesthesia, General ; Cystitis, Interstitial* ; Diagnosis* ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Male ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Incontinence ; Urology

A total of 41 anejaculatory men participated in the electroejaculation study. Mean patient age was 33.2 years (range 22 to 54 years). Greater than one million motile sperm were obtained in 26 patients(63.4%). We attempted intrauterine insemination on 25 occasions in 14 subjects' spouses. Four of them(28.6%) became pregnant ;two aborted and the other two delivered fullterm healthy babies.
Humans ; Insemination* ; Male* ; Pregnancy ; Spermatozoa ; Spouses

From January, 1990 to December, 1995, 106 patients received transvaginal bladder neck suspension by Raz. Follow up periods ranged from 3 months to 5 years, and mean age of patients was 52.2 years. Severity of incontinence were grade 1 in 22, grade II in 83, and grade III in 1 patient. After minimum of 3 months follow up, 87 (82.1%) patients were completely cured and 14 (13.2%) patients reported minimal leaking, the final success rate being 95.3% (101/106). Degree of posterior urethral angle and grades of incontinence(classified either by Blaivas or Green) were not significant factors in predicting outcome. Grade of incontinence, preoperative irritative voiding symptoms, previous incontinence surgery, age, and menopause were not correlated with success. However the history of hysterectomy and overweight were related with lower success rate. Mean hospital stay was 6.1 days, and 50 (47.2%) patients performed intermittent catheterization at discharge but later all resumed normal voiding. Among 34 patients with urgency preoperatively 25 (73.5%) improved after operation, and de novo urgency was found in 11 (16.2%). Complications including urinary tract infection blood loss requiring transfusion were seen in one patient respectively, but no case of peritonitis, bladder perforation, and wound perforation was seen. Success rate of Raz operation is more than 90%, which was higher than other types of bladder suspension. Raz colpo-suspension can place bladder neck traction sutures accurately without causing obstruction or significant morbidity, therefore should be recommended as a premier mode of surgical treatment in patients with stress urinary incontinence.
Catheterization ; Catheters ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hysterectomy ; Length of Stay ; Menopause ; Neck* ; Overweight ; Peritonitis ; Sutures ; Traction ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urinary Incontinence* ; Urinary Tract Infections ; Wounds and Injuries

We analyzed one hundred and thirty nine cases of urodynamic findings of male patients who had voiding problems without organic or neurologic lesions. There were 45 patients (32.4%) with normal urodynamic findings and 94 patients (67.6%) with abnormal finding. The most frequent finding in the latter was high maximum urethral closure pressure in 41 cases (29.5%). The popular voiding symptoms were residual urine sensation (75.5%), frequency (67.6%), hesitancy (63.3%) and so on. There was no correlation between urodynamic findings and symptoms. Although many patients were lost to follow up, the results of the management were good. So we expect that it would be better to manage such patients according to the results of urodynamic findings than to manage only by the symptoms.
Humans ; Lost to Follow-Up ; Male* ; Sensation ; Urodynamics*

While urinary retention secondary to bladder outlet obstruction in the male occurs commonly and re. rely causes difficulty with diagnosis and treatment but acute urinary retention in the female is an uncommon finding, especially if one excludes patients with obvious extrinsic or intrinsic obstruction and neurological disease. We have reviewed 18 women referred to Yongdong Severance Hospital who retained the urine in absence of obvious causes and combination of medical, neurologic, psychiatric and urologic evaluation were performed. In this literature, we aimed to discover the mechanism of acute urinary retention in the female through the investigation of possible causes by urodynamic study and analysis of treatment response as to them.
Diagnosis ; Female* ; Humans ; Male ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction ; Urinary Retention* ; Urodynamics