Because of its motility and position, the scrotum is infrequently injured after blunt trauma. We have recently experienced traumatic testicular torsion, testicular rupture, and epididymal rupture with abscess formation after blunt scrotal trauma. We have explored early and treated properly.
Abscess ; Rupture ; Scrotum ; Spermatic Cord Torsion

PURPOSE: Telomerase functions to maintain telomere length and its activity are generally present in most cancer cells, germ line cells but typically are not present in normal somatic cells. Among few exceptions, telomerase activity is detected in hematopoietic stem cells and in physiologically renewable cell populations. The adult rat penis exhibits the ability to regenerate during androgen replacement after castration, we hypothesized that a pool of cells with regenerating potential is present in the adult rat penis, and therefore assayed for the telomerase activity in the castrated and androgen replaced adult rat penis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups; control, castration, and androgen(testosterone, DHT) replacement after castration. Percentage of apoptotic cells assessed by morphological analysis(apoptotic index, TUNEL), and proliferating cells incorporating Ki-67(proliferating index) were analyzed. Telomerase activity was detected by using a PCR-based telomerase assay(Telomeric repeat amplification protocol). RESULTS: Following castration, serum testosterone significantly decreased from day 1. Normal penis was found to be telomerase positive. Since serum testosterone decreased after castration, a significant decrease for the activity of telomerase was noted with a decrease in the proliferating index and an increase in apoptotic index in the penis. Replacement of androgen after castration increased the telomerase activity with an increase in the proliferating index and a decrease in apoptotic index in the penis. CONCLUSIONS: These results provide evidence for the ability of androgen to regulate telomerase activity in the adult rat penis, and the adult rat penis retains throughout life the potential to regenerate in response to androgen replacement following castration-induced apoptotic cell death.
Adult* ; Animals ; Castration ; Cell Death ; Germ Cells ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Male ; Penis* ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Telomerase* ; Telomere ; Testosterone

Rectal probe electroejaculation was attempted in 22 anejaculatory men and sperm were obtained in 86.4%. 8 patients had retrograde only and 11 patients had antegrade and retrograde ejaculations. The semen qualities were relatively poor. Only 11 patients (50.0% ) showed total sperm count more than 10 x 10(5) and total motile sperm count 1 x 10(6). There were blood pressure elevations with headache or sweating in 7 patients during electrostimulation. Among these, 6 patient had lesions above Ts but one had a lower spinal lesion (L1). The other side effects were minimal.
Blood Pressure ; Ejaculation ; Headache ; Humans ; Male ; Semen Analysis ; Sperm Count ; Spermatozoa ; Sweat ; Sweating

No abstract available.
Pregnancy* ; Stomach Neoplasms*

Various clinical evaluations were performed on 32 donors for renal transplantation which were done at the Department of Uro1ogy, Yonsei University Hospital. The following results were obtained. 1) Age and sex distribution Fifteen patients were third decade. Number of male and female patients 2) Relation between donor and recipient; Related: 27 cases, Unrelated` 5 cases. 3) HLA-Ag match between` donor and recipient; Four Ag macth: 2 cases, Three Ag match 2 cases Two Ag match : 22 cases, One Ag match : 6 cases, 4) Selected kidney side; Lt. side: 28 cases, Rt. Side : 4 cases 5) Complications; Visceral injury: 3 cases, Postoperative bleeding: 1 cases, Renal artery spasm (more than 30 minutes) 5 cases,
Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Kidney ; Kidney Transplantation* ; Male ; Nephrectomy* ; Renal Artery ; Sex Distribution ; Spasm ; Tissue Donors*

PURPOSE: The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate cumulative survival rate (CSR) of Implantium implants followed for 5 years and association between risk factors and the CSR. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of two hundred forty-nine Implantium Implants System (Dentium, Seoul, Korea) placed in ninety-five patients from 2004 to 2009 were investigated with several identified risk factors (sex, systemic disease, smoking, alchohol, reason of tooth loss, length, arch (maxilla or mandible), replace tooth type (incisor, canine, premolar or molar) Kennedy classification, prosthodontic type, prosthodontic design, opposite dentition, abutment type, occlusal material, occlusal unit, splint to tooth, cantilever, other surgery). Clinical examination (mobility, percussion, screw loosening, discomfort, etc.) and radiographic examination data were collected from patient records including all problems during follow-up period according to protocols described earlier. Life table analysis was undertaken to examine the CSR. Cox regression method was conducted to assess the association between potential risk factors and overall CSR. RESULTS: Five of 249 implants were failed. Four of these were lost before loading. The 5-year implant cumulative survival rate was 97.37%. Cox regression analysis demonstrated a significant predictive association between overall CSR and systemic disease, smoking, reason of tooth loss, arch, Kennedy classification and prosthodontic design (P<.05). The screw related complication was rare. Two abutment screw fractures were found. Another complications of prosthetic components were porcelain fracture, resin facing fracture and denture fracture (n=19). CONCLUSION: The 5-year CSR of Implantium implants was 97.37%. Implant survival may be dependent upon systemic disease, smoking reason of tooth loss, arch, Kennedy classification and prosthodontic design (P<.05). The presence of systemic diseases and combination of other surgical procedures may be associated with increased implant failure.
Bicuspid ; Dental Implants ; Dental Porcelain ; Dentition ; Dentures ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Life Tables ; Percussion ; Prosthodontics ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Splints ; Survival Rate ; Tooth ; Tooth Loss

PURPOSE: The incidence rate of prostate cancer has increased remarkably in Korea. The serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) value has been used for screening, although its clinical significance in prostate cancer screening is still inconclusive. However, if the measurement time was short and the cost was low, such an assay kit should be sufficient for prostate cancer screening. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We developed pared monoclonal antibodies against PSA which could be used in assay kits for PSA. The Rapid PSA Kit(R) used an immunochromatographic method to qualitatively judge a positive or negative result. Serum specimens from 78 men with benign prostate hyperplasia or prostate cancer were tested using the kit. RESULTS: The sensitivity of the kit was determined to be 4ng/ml. 33 samples had a value of greater than 5ng/ml, so were considered positive. 5 samples had values between 4ng/ml and 5ng/ml, of which 3 were positive. The other 40 samples had values less than 4ng/ml, and 11 of these were judged positive. These results indicated that the sensitivity and specificity of the Rapid PSA Kit(R) were 94.7 and 72.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Tests using the Rapid PSA Kit(R) can be easily performed at outpatient clinics or elsewhere. This kit is useful in the initial screening of prostate cancer as the results can be obtained within 15 minutes and the cost is lower than with ordinary serum PSA tests.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Incidence ; Korea ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Prostate ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Sensitivity and Specificity

PURPOSE: The incidence rate of prostate cancer has increased remarkably in Korea. The serum prostate specific antigen (PSA) value has been used for screening, although its clinical significance in prostate cancer screening is still inconclusive. However, if the measurement time was short and the cost was low, such an assay kit should be sufficient for prostate cancer screening. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We developed pared monoclonal antibodies against PSA which could be used in assay kits for PSA. The Rapid PSA Kit(R) used an immunochromatographic method to qualitatively judge a positive or negative result. Serum specimens from 78 men with benign prostate hyperplasia or prostate cancer were tested using the kit. RESULTS: The sensitivity of the kit was determined to be 4ng/ml. 33 samples had a value of greater than 5ng/ml, so were considered positive. 5 samples had values between 4ng/ml and 5ng/ml, of which 3 were positive. The other 40 samples had values less than 4ng/ml, and 11 of these were judged positive. These results indicated that the sensitivity and specificity of the Rapid PSA Kit(R) were 94.7 and 72.5%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Tests using the Rapid PSA Kit(R) can be easily performed at outpatient clinics or elsewhere. This kit is useful in the initial screening of prostate cancer as the results can be obtained within 15 minutes and the cost is lower than with ordinary serum PSA tests.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Incidence ; Korea ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Prostate ; Prostate-Specific Antigen ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Sensitivity and Specificity

The development of cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) allows three-dimensional analysis of the patient's anatomy. The surgical guide is a combination of CBCT, computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) and implant diagnostics software, which allows well planned prostheses design and ideal implant placement. Guided surgery minimizes possible anatomical damage and allows for more reproducible treatment planning. In this case, the operation time was shortened by using a surgical guide for multiple implants placement in a fully edentulous patient. Immediate loading were performed more easily using preliminary preparation of provisional prosthesis. The patient was satisfied with improved esthetics and chewing function.
Cone-Beam Computed Tomography ; Esthetics ; Humans ; Mastication ; Mouth Rehabilitation* ; Mouth* ; Prostheses and Implants*

OBJECTIVE: Although atypical antipsychotics are increasingly being used as monotherapy in acute mania, few Korean studies have investigated on them. This study evaluated the efficacy and tolerability of olanzapine monotherapy in patients with acute mania. METHODS: This multicenter, open-label study evaluated the efficacy of olanzapine to treat mania over 6 weeks. Patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of bipolar I disorder (manic or mixed episodes) were treated with olanzapine (flexible dosage to a maximum of 30 mg/day). Clinical improvements were rated using the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS), Clinical Global Impression-Bipolar Version (CGI-BP), Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), and the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS). Adverse events were measured using the Simpson-Angus Rating Scale (SARS) and Barnes Akathisia Rating Scale (BARS). The general functioning of patients was assessed using the Global Assessment Scale (GAS). All assessments were carried out at baseline and at days 7, 14, 21, and 42, with the exception of the GAS. RESULTS: The subjects comprised 76 patients (male=38, female=38), with 55 patients (72.4%) completing the study. The mean initial dose of olanzapine was 11.7+/-5.0 mg/day and mean daily doses at days 7, 14, 21, and 42 were 16.6+/-5.2, 17.2+/-5.0, 18.1+/-5.3, and 17.4+/-4.7 mg/day, respectively. At days 7, 14, 21, and 42, YMRS, CGI-BP, MADRS and BPRS scores had significantly improved from baseline. More improvement in MADRS scores was observed among patients with mixed mania than patients with euphoric mania. Changes in BPRS scores from baseline did not differ between patients with psychotic symptoms and those with euphoric mania. At days 21 and 42, 42 (55.3%) and 57 (75.0%) patients had responded (YMRS scores decreased from baseline by more than 50%). Also 27 (35.5%) and 46 (60.5%) patients had achieved remission (YMRS scores < or =12) at the same assessment points. GAS scores at days 21 and 42 indicated that olanzapine monotherapy improved patients' global functioning compared to baseline. SARS and BARS scores did not differ significantly between pre- and post-drug trial. CONCLUSION: The data indicate that olanzapine monotherapy has favorable effects across a broad range of mood symptoms and yields functional improvement in acute manic patients with minimal adverse events. Therefore, olanzapine monotherapy may be a preferred first-line agent to treat patients with acute mania. These results support the findings from previous studies and guidelines.
Antipsychotic Agents ; Benzodiazepines ; Bipolar Disorder ; Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale ; Depression ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Humans ; Psychomotor Agitation