To determine clinical features and outcomes of retinal detachments[RDs] following trans-scleral fixation of posterior chamber intraocular lens[PC-IOL], we reviewed the medical records of 249 eyes[239 patients] which had undergone trans-scleral fixation of PC-IOL and had been followed 6 months or longer. Retinal detachment occurred in 8 out of 249 eyes[3.2%]. The incidences of RDs were as follows:in 2/19 eyes[10.5%] with PC-IOL exchange for PC-IOL tilt, in 1/16 eyes[6.3%] with posterior capsule rupture during ECCE, in 1/26 eyes[3.8%] with ICCE, in 2/78 eyes[2.6%] with posterior capsule rupture during phacoemusification, in 2/106 eyes[1.9%] with aphakia, and in 0/4 eyes[0%] with anterior IOL exchange with PC-IOL. The sites of retinal break corresponded with the directions of needle during fixation in 5/8 eyes[62.5%] and all retinal breaks were located anterior to the equator. The timing of RD was between 2 weeks and 4.8 years after fixation although it occured within 2 months in most cases. Pars plana vitrectomy and scleral buckling were performed in 7 eyes and scleral buckling only in one eye. Retinal reattachment was achieved in seven eyes including three eyes which required two surgical interventions. The vitrectomy should be performed with meticulous care to reduce vitreous traction as much as possible during trans-scleral fixation of PC-IOL and a close follow-up examination for RD is required during the first two months.
Aphakia ; Follow-Up Studies ; Incidence ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Medical Records ; Needles ; Retinal Detachment* ; Retinal Perforations ; Retinaldehyde* ; Rupture ; Scleral Buckling ; Traction ; Vitrectomy

The prognosis of malignant ovarian tumor is poorer than that of borderline malignant ovarian tumor, Therefore an accurate diagnosis and estimation of the biologic behavior of the tumor are necessary for proper management of the patient. The histologic investigation of the tumor may provide information on the estimation of the malignant potential of tumor cells, but it may be a questionable method because of the subjective determination of tumor grade. Quantification of proliferative activity of tumor cells may play a role as an objective method to provide an estimation of the malignant potential of tumor cells. An evaluation of histologic findings was done on 84 cases of ovarian mucinous and serous tumors that were surgically resected and diagnosed during the period from January 1981 through July 1992. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCN A) labelling index estimated from the immunohistochemical stain for PCN A and the Sphase fraction and porliferative index obtained from flow cytometric DN A analysis were assessed each other with histologic findings. The results are as follows: The presence of aneuploidy in malignant tumors was statistically significant as compared with benign tumors. The borderline malignant tumors showed no significant difference between the number of diploidy and aneuploidy. The PCNA labelling index, S-phase fraction and proliferative index tended to increase as the histologic grade of tumors went up. They were higher in malignant tumors than in others. The PCN A labelling index, S-phase fraction and proliferative index were higher in tumors with aneuploidy than in those with diploidy. In contrast to borderline malignant tumors, the PCNA labelling index in malignant tumors revealed a significant relation with the mitotic index. The S-phase fraction and proliferative index showed, in malignant tumors, a close correlation with the architectural grade and nucleolar grade, but not in borderline malignant tumors. Considering these results, the presence of aneuploidy, PCNA label.

No abstract available.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle* ; Fasciitis*

The formation of adhesion following strabismus surgery may result in restrictive ocular motility dysfunction. We performed conventional recessions of both inferior and superior rectus muscle in right eyes of 11 white rabbits as control group and a sheet of 2 x 2 mm absorbable cellulose(Interceed, TC7) was inserted between rectus muscle and conjunctiva in left eyes of 11 rabbits as interceed group in the hope of preventing postoperative adhesion. We examined conjunctival injection, corneal abrasion, scleral necrosis and discharge at 1st, 2nd day, 1st, 2nd, 4th, 6th week following surgery and examined muscle adhesion powers by spring gauge and degrees of adhesion by blunt disection and histopathologic examination with light microscope at 6th week. The postoperative corneal and conjunctival findings and muscle adhesion powers were similar but degrees of adhesion at both blunt dissection and histopathologic examination revealed statistically significant reduction of adhesion in absorbable cellulose group than control group. From these findings, it would appear that the use of absorbable cellulose is effective in preventing postoperative adhesion following strabismus surgery .
Cellulose, Oxidized ; Conjunctiva ; Hope ; Necrosis ; Rabbits* ; Strabismus*

Although a patient with lost inferior rectus (IR) muscle woud be done infratransposition of the horizontal recti to control hypertropia, this procedure only could control ocular deviation at primary position, but could't improve the limitation of the downgaze markedly and could cause limitation of abduction and adduction. Authors tried to correct lost IR with anterior transposition of the inferior oblique muscle(IO) with marginal myectomy in the theoretical base that the anterior transposition of the IO can convert IO a depressor from an elevator. A 66 year-old female patient received trauma on her left IR muscle by sickle, then primary deviation of left eye was hypertropia of 50 prism diopters, exotropia of 35 prism diopters and secondary deviation was hypertropia 60 prism diopters, exotropia of 40 prism diopters and the degree of limitation of infraduction was -4. We performed anterior transposition of the IO with marginal myecctomy of 6.0 mm and lateral rectus (LR) 6.0 mm recession and medial rectus (MR) 4.5 mm resection of the left eye. The postoperative ocular alignment at primary position was exotropia of 10 prism diopters and degree of limitation of infraduction was -2 and limitation of supraduction was -2. The anterior transposition of IO with marginal myectomy was simple and effective in correcting the hypertropia and ocular motility in a case of lost IR.
Aged ; Elevators and Escalators ; Exotropia ; Female ; Humans ; Strabismus

OBJECTIVES: A field investigation was done to identify the level of epidemic and to evaluate the infection route of Salmonellosis occurred in a baby's first birthday banquet in Jeju Island. METHODS: Among participants in the banquet given on a baby's first birthday, persons showing gastrointestinal symptoms were conducted by the structured questionnaire and stool culture. The symptomless persons were also surveyed by self-responded structured questionnaire. The causal relationship between food items and gastrointestinal symptoms was proved by odds ratio and Wilcoxon rank-sum test. RESULTS: Salmonella london was identified in the stools of 12 subjects among 20 participants showing gastrointestinal symptoms, as well as in the boiled pork hock. CONCLUSIONS: This outbreak event is thought to happen after participants took the boiled pork hock that contaminated with S almonella london during the storage process.
Humans ; Odds Ratio ; Salmonella ; Salmonella Food Poisoning ; Salmonella Infections* ; Tarsus, Animal ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is the most common mononeuropathy encountered in clinical practice. When performing routine diagnostic nerve conduction studies (NCS) in patients with CTS, we sometimes happen to be confronted with patients who have no definite electrophysiological evidence of CTS. We therefore evaluated the diag-nostic sensitivities of several parameters in NCS for CTS patients. METHODS: We analyzed 187 patients (262 hands) who were diagnosed with CTS clinically and electrophysiologically for the past 4 years in this hospital. RESULTS: Significant abnormal findings of nerve conduction velocity (NCV) were noted in the palm to wrist (P-W) seg-ment( 98.5%), thumb-wrist (I-W) segment (97.3%), distoproximal ratio in the third finger (95.0%), and the terminal latency (71.4%) of the median nerve. There were no statistical differences in the abnormal NCVs between the male and female groups. The sensitivity of each compartment parameters were obtained in the female groups and statistical dif-ferences were found in the sensory NCV of the P-W segment and compound nerve action potential (CNAP) amplitude of the I-W segments in patients between the ages of 40 and 60. The sensory NCV of the P-W segment was especially more significant in this age group. There were statistical differences in the amplitude of the index finger to wrist (F-W) and P-W segments between the denervated electromyography group and normal group (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: In clini-cally suspected CTS, the most sensitive tests were the sensory NCV of the P-W segment, I-W segment, and distoproxi-mal ratio in the third finger. Therefore, the sensory NCV of the P-W segment should be performed first. If the results of this test are unremarkable, then, the next tests should include the sensory NCV of the I-W segment and the distoproxi-mal ratio should be performed before ruling out the diagnosis of CTS.
Action Potentials ; Carpal Tunnel Syndrome* ; Diagnosis ; Electromyography ; Female ; Fingers ; Humans ; Male ; Median Nerve ; Mononeuropathies ; Neural Conduction ; Wrist

We evaluated the effects of piggyback contact lens that override the hard contact lens over soft contact lens for irregular astigmatic correction. Two patients received corneal suture for corneal laceration and one patient received penetrating keratoplasty for Francois dystrophy. The uncorrected visual acuity was counting fingers at 20cm, 0.05, and 0.08, respectively and corrected visual acuity using glasses or conventional contact lens was 0.1, 0.2, and 0. 2, respectively. The difference of keratometry reading between two meridians is 6, 7.5, and 12.5 diopters, respectively. The visual acuity after piggyback contact lens fitting was 0.4, 0.9, and 0.3, respectively. The complication such as corneal ederna, corneal erosion, and neovascularization of cornea was not noted during 24 months after piggyback contact lens fitting. The piggyback contact lens fitting inay be an effective method of correcting visual acuity for irregular astigmatism.
Astigmatism* ; Contact Lenses, Hydrophilic ; Cornea ; Eyeglasses ; Fingers ; Glass ; Humans ; Keratoplasty, Penetrating ; Lacerations ; Meridians ; Sutures ; Visual Acuity

Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy(LHON) is an optic nerve disease that causes blindness and is associated with maternally inherited mitochondrial DNA(mt DNA) mutations. The most common mitochondrial DNA mutation among LHON patients is a point mutation at the nucleotide 11778 in the subunit 4 of complex I. In one 45-year old male LHON patient with bilateral optic neuropathy, we investigated the presence of a point mutation of mitochondrial DNA and identified a single guanine to adenine transition mutation in the mitochondrial DNA at nucleotide point 11778.
Adenine ; Blindness ; DNA, Mitochondrial* ; Guanine ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber ; Optic Nerve Diseases ; Point Mutation*

BACKGROUND: Telomerase activity in precancerous conditions of lung adenocarcinomas has not been well studied. This study is designed to investigate the role of telomerase in premalignant lesions of urethane-induced mouse lung adenocarcinoma. METHODS: We harvested A/J mouse lung tissues at 3, 6, 9, 12, 28, 41, and 48 weeks after intraperitoneal urethane treatment, and classified each lesion in terms of histologic findings. We examined telomerase activity using a modified version of the telomeric repeat amplification protocol assay using both gel-based and enzyme linked immunosorbent assay methods. An immunohistochemical analysis of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) was performed. RESULTS: In urethane-induced mouse lung tissues, it was sequentially developed from hyperplasia, adenoma, and eventually to adenocarcinoma. Telomerase activity began to show a positive level in tissues with no histologically visible nodule after urethane administration. It revealed a statistically significant increase in hyperplasia compared to the "control" lung tissue (p<0.05), which was proportionally elevated relative to adenoma and adenocarcinoma. There was a direct correlation between telomerase activity and the PCNA labeling index (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The elevation of telomerase activity in normal-appearing lung lesions is thought to be a possible marker of early detection of pulmonary adenocarcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenoma ; Animals ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Hyperplasia ; Lung ; Mice ; Precancerous Conditions ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; Telomerase ; Urethane