No abstract available.
Aneurysm* ; Fibromuscular Dysplasia* ; Hypertension, Renovascular*

Pulmonary vascular hypertension is characterized by migration and proliferation of smooth muscle cells accompanying abnormal synthesis and accumulation of extracellular proteins in vascular wall. The aim of this study is to define the role of endogneous TGF-betas and PDGF in the process of remodeling vessels through determining the temporal and spatial distribution of these growth factors in hypertensive pulmonary vessels in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension in rat. Sprague-Dawley rats were sacrificed 12 hours, 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, and 56 days after treatment. The morphometric analysis of medial thickening and immunohistochemical study using antibodies to TGF-beta1, TGF-beta2, TGF-beta3, and PDGF were performed. Immunoreactivities for TGF-beta1 and TGF-beta3 were increased from the 14th day in the medial smooth muscle cells and PDGF showed increased expression from the 21st day in the medial smooth muscle cells. No difference in TGF-beta2 immunoreactivity was found between control and experimental groups. The expression of TGF-beta1, TGF-beta3 and PDGF increased in medial layers with the progressive thickening of pulmonary arteries which was considered to have close relation to medial hypertrophy of pulmonary arterioles. In the case of PDGF, however, the morphologic change occurred before increase in immunoreactivity was observed in the medial layer of pulmonary arterioles. Moreover, the function of isoforms of TGF-beta has yet to be completely elucidated; the different affinity to receptors and the degree of expression of these receptors that are supposed to affect the function of growth factors. Thus, further studies are needed.
Animals ; Antibodies ; Arterioles ; Hypertension ; Hypertension, Pulmonary* ; Hypertrophy ; Immunohistochemistry ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Monocrotaline ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; Protein Isoforms ; Pulmonary Artery ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Transforming Growth Factor beta* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; Transforming Growth Factor beta2 ; Transforming Growth Factor beta3

We describe a 27-year-old man who developed gait disturbance and dysarthria 2 years after the onset of cardinal symptoms of Behcet's disease. Positron emission tomography with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose revealed severe hypometabolism in the cerebellum, in accordance wih cerebellar symptoms and sign of the patient. However, single-photon emission tomography with Tc-99m-HMPAO and Tc-99m-ECD did not disclose significant perfusion abnormalities in the brain. Routine brain magnetic resonance imaging did not show signal abnormalities. The findings of imaging studies compared with neurological manifestations of the patient are discussed.
Adult ; Brain ; Cerebellum ; Dysarthria ; Gait ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Neurologic Manifestations ; Perfusion ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

BACKGROUND: For most patients, recovery from anesthesia is a smooth uneventful. But for some, recovery can be life threatening. To prevent this, adequate and prompt evaluation of patients on recovery state is essential. Activity, respiration, circulation, awareness, and color are comprehensively assessed by PAR score. So we performed this clinical study to compare ongoing changes in PAR score and the effects of age, physical status, operation site and operation time on PAR score were evaluated. METHODS: Two hundred and fifty-four patients (ASA 1, 2) undergoing elective surgery under general anesthesia were evaluated in our recovery room. They were anesthetized with enflurane or isoflurane, and nitrous oxide, and were transferred to the recovery room when SpO2 was more than 97% and there was no supplemental oxygen during transport. Once there, O2 5 l/min was administered via a face mask to all the patients. Assessment of each patient's PAR score was made at ten-minute intervals by the same anesthesiologist. RESULTS: Emergence from anesthesia was significantly dependent on patient's age, preoperative physical status but not on operation site and time. PAR score was significantly increased according to PAR-stay time regardless of age, physical status, operation site or time. CONCLUSION: In evaluating the postanesthetic recovery state, it seems to be important to consider patient's age and physical status.
Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Enflurane ; Humans ; Isoflurane ; Masks ; Nitrous Oxide ; Oxygen ; Recovery Room ; Respiration

PURPOSE: It is important to differentiate malignant from benign lesions of intraocular masses in choosing therapeutic plan. Biopsy of intraocular tumor is not recommended due to the risk of visual damage. We evaluated the usefulness of F-18-FDG PET imaging in diagnosing intraocular neoplasms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: F-l8-FDG PET scan was performed in 13 patients (15 lesions) suspected to have malignant intraocular tumors. There were 3 benign lesions (retinal detachment, choroidal effusion and hemorrhage) and 10 patients with 12 malignant lesions (3 melanomas, 7 retinoblastomas and 2 metastatic cancers). Regional eye images (256*256 and 128*128 matrices) were obtained with or without attenuation correction. Whole body scan was also performed in eight patients (3 benign and 6 malignant lesions). RESULTS: All malignant lesions were visualized while all benign lesions were not visualized. The mean peak standardized uptake value (SUV) of malignant lesions was 2.64+/-0.57 g/ml. There was no correlations between peak SUV and tumor volume. Two large malignant lesions (>1000 mm3 ) showed hot uptake on whole body scan. But two medium-sized lesions (100-l000 mm3) looked faint and two small (<100 mm3) lesions were not visualized. The images reconstructed with 256*256 matrix showed lesions more clearly than those with 128X128 matrix. CONCLUSION: F-18-FDG PET scan is highly sensitivity in detecting malignant intraocular tumor. For the evaluation of small-sized intraocular lesions, whole body scan is not appropriate because of low sensitivity. A regional scan with sufficient acquisition time is recommended for that purpose. Image reconstruction in matrix size of 256*256 produced clearer images than the ones in 128X128, but it does not affect the diagnostic sensitivity.
Biopsy ; Choroid ; Diagnosis* ; Humans ; Image Processing, Computer-Assisted ; Melanoma ; Orbital Neoplasms ; Positron-Emission Tomography ; Retinoblastoma ; Tumor Burden ; Whole Body Imaging

No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast*

Peutz-Jeghers syndrome (PJS) is a rare hereditary disease where the clinical manifestations are multiple harmatomatous gastrointestinal polyps and pigmentations of the skin. A harmatomatous polyp can develop at any part of the gastrointestinal tract, and the proximal small bowel is frequently involved. Intestinal obstruction, bleeding and intussusception, caused by GI polyps have been reported, which often require repeated surgery. A female patient presented with suffering of abdominal pain for two days duration. The patient was diagnosed with intussusception, and a resection and anastomosis of the small bowel was performed. The patient was treated for 15 days, and was discharged from the hospital without any particular complications. We report this case with a review of the literature.
Abdominal Pain ; Female ; Gastrointestinal Tract ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction ; Intussusception ; Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome ; Pigmentation ; Polyps ; Skin ; Stress, Psychological

No abstract available.
Bile* ; Carcinoembryonic Antigen* ; Gallbladder* ; Mesenteric Veins*

The routine screening of patients for hypercalcemia has increased the incidence of hyperpa-rathyroidism, But, Primary hyperparathyroidism is relatively rare disease in korea. Especially, primary hyperparathyroidism caused by parathyroid chief cell hyperplasia has not been reported. The numbers of patients with bone disease, renal stones, other severe complication has declined, but the numbers of patients with psychiatric and neuromuscular disturbance or with asymptomatic disease has increased. We experienced a case with severe bone diseases due to primary hyperparathyroidism caused by parathyroid chief cell hyprepiasia which was confirmed through the mearsurement of serum calcium and parathyroid hormone, neck CT scanning and surgical exploration and which was managed by total parathyroidectomy with autotransplantation.
Asymptomatic Diseases ; Autografts ; Bone Diseases* ; Calcium ; Humans ; Hypercalcemia ; Hyperparathyroidism, Primary* ; Hyperplasia* ; Incidence ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Neck ; Parathyroid Hormone ; Parathyroidectomy ; Rare Diseases ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Neurilemmoma (Schwannoma) is a extremely rare benign tumor which origin is thought to be of nerve sheath of peripheral, cranial and sympathetic nerve. Here we report a case of orbital neurilemmoma which has grown more than two years in the female patient of thirty years old. She visited to our hospital because of decreased visual acuity and protrusion of the right eyeball. Surgery of the orbit revealed a wall-nut sized, well encapsulated, gray colored, egg-shaped tumor which was confirmed by biopsy.
Biopsy ; Female ; Humans ; Neurilemmoma* ; Orbit* ; Visual Acuity