No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Hyperaldosteronism*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Renal Insufficiency, Chronic*

No abstract available.
Biological Therapy* ; Crohn Disease*

No abstract available.
Amnion* ; Dinoprostone* ; Humans* ; Metabolism*

Unfused olecranon epiphysis has been reported rarely. We found an unfused olecranon tip within joint and a few small spurs on the apposing olecranon fossa and removed it successfully through the arthroscope. We think that it is a part of secondary ossification center of the olecranon and tbat it was separated through the epiphyseal plate by repetitive impaction of the tip of the olecranon into the olecranon fossa during pitching. In conclusion, fusion of the intra-articular part(articular center) of the olecranon epiphysis can not occur by nature. Repetitive extension overload during pitching may cause symptoms, and could be treated with arthroscopic control.
Adult ; Arthroscopes ; Baseball ; Epiphyses ; Growth Plate ; Humans ; Joints ; Olecranon Process

With the improvement of economic conditions and medical care, the average life span has increased, thus making geriatrics an important consideration in the medical field. Degenerative changes of the cervical spine in aged are not uncommon. Also it is well known tha subjects with radiologic features of cervical spondylosis may be symptom free. On the other hand, cervical myelopathy may occur in the presence of minimal spondylosis as shown radiologically. This discrepancy between symptoms and radiologic features seems to be attributed to the differences in the initial structure of the cervical spine. The authors surveyed at random the various radiographic measurements of 300 Koreans having normal cervical spines and 120 Koreans with cervical spondylosis. The results of the survey are as follows: 1. Osteophyte was noticed more frequently at the 3 rd, 4 th and 5 th cervical vertebrae. 2. Lordosis angle was greater in spondylosis group than in normal group, which might be attributed to paravertebral muscle spasm. 3. Normal sagittal diameter of the canal decreased between C3-C6 and the narrowest was at C4 level. The sagittal diameter, on the average, was 1.5 mm shorter than in European population and 1 mm longer than Japanese. This might be attributed to the difference in the body height. 4. In the normal spine group the average interpedicular distance was greatest at the 5 th, and 6 th cervical vertebra. In the cervical spondylosis group the average interpedicular distance was greater than in normal population it was greatest at the 5 th and 6 th cervical vertebra.
Animals ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Body Height ; Cervical Vertebrae ; Female ; Geriatrics ; Hand ; Humans ; Lordosis ; Osteophyte ; Spasm ; Spinal Cord Diseases ; Spine ; Spondylosis

Herein, polyorchidism possessing of more than the usual number of testicles, which was found in two patients, is reported. Both patients had three testes, and one presented with painful swelling of the right scrotum caused by torsion of the testis and the other revealed a non-palpable testis in the right hemiscrotum. Both patients were managed surgically with orchiopexy and an orchiectomy, respectively, followed by the insertion of an artificial testis.
Humans ; Orchiectomy ; Orchiopexy ; Scrotum ; Testis ; Urogenital Abnormalities

The widespread uae of colposcopy in the evaluation of abnormal cervical cytology has been accompanied by a trend toward decreased utilization of Papanicolaou smears and cone biopsy. But its accuracy is dependent on the criteria determining its limitations and the observer's experience. This study was performed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of Papanicolaau smear and eolposcopic finding and to campare these findinga with thase af colposcopically directed biopsy, conization and hysteretomy and to determine the value of endocervical curettage. Nine hundred twenty six patients were evaluated from Jan. 1, 1986 to Dec. 31, 1993 at the cancer detectinn center of the department of obstetrics and gynecology, Yonsei University, College of Medicine. Three major classes were involved in this study ; 662 cases with within normal limit Papanicolaou amears with cervical examination grossly suspicious for cancer, 187 cases with squamous intraepithelial lesion or greater, and 72 caees with reactiue or reparative change. The patients with inveaive rnalignancies of the cervix visihle to the naked eye were not included in this study. The majority of patients(75%) were 31 to 50 years of her age. The colposcopic examination wee deemed unsatisfactory in 45 cases in whom the upper limit, of the transformation zone could not be visualized. There were 881 cases each with a satisfactory colposcopie examination. We obtained the following results. In the satisfactory group with within normal limit Pap smears which had clinical impression of gross suspicion for cancer, 54 of 662 cases(8%) were diagnosed as more than cervical intraepithelial neoplasia I and 36(5.5%) were diagnosed as more than cervical intraepithelial neoplasia II with the histology of colposcopically directed biopsy. The analysis of the diagnostic values of Pap smears for cervical cancer screening showed that the sensitivity was 80.0%, the specificity was 93.8%, the false negative rate was 80.0%, the false positive rate was 15.2%, the negative predicitive value was 92.1%, and the positive predicitive value was 83.6%. In the satisfactory group with within normal limit Pap smears which had clinical impression of gross suspicion for cancer, 54 of 662 cases(8%) were diagnosed as more than CIN I and 36(5.5%) were diagnosed as more than CIN III with the histolgy of colposcopically directed biopsy. The accuracy of colposcopic impression when compared to histology of the colposcopically directed biopsy in the satisfactory group was 89.8% (within 1histologic degree) and 82.7% (precise agreement). Histologic comparision of colposcopically directed biopsy and final surgical specimen showed accuracy of 87.2% (within 1 histologic degree) and 66.5% (precise agreement). The accuracy of endocervical curettage with colposcopically directed biopsy when compared with final surgical specimen in unsatisfactory group was 82.2% (with 1 histologic degree) and 57.7% (precise agreement). In conclusion, satisfactory colposcopic evaluation in conjuction with Pap smear offers accurate method for cervical cancer detection. But endocervical curettage with colposcopically directed biopsy appears to be of less value in unsatisfactory group. Therefore futher evaluation is need.
Biopsy ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; Cervix Uteri ; Colposcopy* ; Conization ; Curettage ; Female ; Gynecology ; Humans ; Mass Screening ; Obstetrics ; Papanicolaou Test ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms*

The authors report a xase of primary non-gestational choriocarcinoma(PNGCO) of the ovary in a prepubertal female patient and reviewed. It is an extremely rere disease of which incidence is one in 369 million. Major clinical symptom is abdominal pain, precociois puberty and it can be misdiagneosed as ectopic pergnancy. Distinction from gestational choriocarcinoma(GCO) of the ovary is important because of the worse prognosis of PNGCO. But no distinctive ultrastructural or immunohistochemical differences are found between PNGCO and GCO. Most acceptable treatment modality is an aggressive surgical therapy and systemic chemotherapy, but its progrosis is poor.
Abdominal Pain ; Adolescent ; Choriocarcinoma, Non-gestational* ; Drug Therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ovary* ; Prognosis ; Puberty

Twenty-three isolates of Fusarium spp. were obtained from decayed citrus fruits in the fields and storages in 1998-1999. Of them, six and five isolates belonged to F. proliferatum and F. moniliforme, respectively, which were the most common. F. solani and F. sambucinum had each two isolates, F. equiseti had one isolate and seven isolates were unidentified. They produced symptoms of two types in pathogenicity test: those with leathery, beige to light or dark brown, and sunken lesions without surface mycelium (type-1) and those with lesions covered with white, beige or pink surface mycelium (type-2). Four of six isolates identified to F. proliferatum and two unidentified isolates produced type-1 lesions, and all isolates identified to F. moniliforme, F. solani, F. sambucinum, F. equiseti and five unidentified isolates produced type-2 lesions.
Citrus* ; Fruit* ; Fusarium* ; Mycelium ; Virulence