No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Hearing*

This article has been retracted by the author. This article involves in conflicts in authorship. We apologize to the readership of Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society.

BACKGROUND: Vibrio(V.) vulnificus is a halophilic, gram-negative bacillus that causes a fatal sepsis in patients with underlying chronic disease such as liver cirrhosis and alcoholic abuse. Because V. vulnificus infection has a fulminant course and high mortality rate, early recognition and rapid diagnosis with prompt therapy are necessary to improve survival rate. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to develop a new selective medium for rapid identification of V. vulnificus through color change of medium according to pH from patients suspected of having V. vulnificus sepsis. METHODS: Rapid isolation and identification of V. vulnificus can be possible by modifying the component of PNC(5% peptone, 1% NaCl, and 0.08% cellobiose [pH 8.0]) broth medium. From this PNC broth, a basal broth(5% peptone+1% NaCl+cellobiose) was prepared and used to evaluate additional medium supplements(cellobiose concentration [0.08, 0.2, 0.1%], pH [6.8, 7.5, 8.0] and pH indicator dye [bromthymol blue, thymol blue, phenol red, bromcresol purple, crystal violet, cresol red, and neutral red]). To examine the rapid identification and selectivity of this basal medium according to various conditions, V. vulnificus was tested by using saline and normal human blood containing these bacteria(1, 000 bacteria/ml), respectively at 37degrees C. A positive reaction(V. vulnificus growth) appeared as color change. The selectivity and identification capacity of this new broth was tested by using other 6 Vibrio species and 14 strains of other bacteria. RESULTS: Color change appeared only in the medium including bromthymol blue and thymol blue as a pH indicator dye. It was called the basal medium containing blue dyes as PNCB(peptone, NaCl, cellobiose and blue dye) medium. It took an average time of 4.8hr for becoming aware of yellow color change in PNCB broth after cultivating with saline mixed with V. vulnificus and 6hr in PNCB broth after cultivating with blood mixed with V. vulnificus. One Vibrio species and another 3 bacteria produced color change. So we confirmed that the final composition and pH of PNCB broth medium was 5% peptone, 1% NaCl, 0.2% cellobiose, 0.0004% bromthymol blue and 0.0004% thymol blue [pH 7.5] CONCLUSIONS: PNCB broth could be used as a selective and differential medium for rapid isolation and identification of V. vulnificus in patients with V. vulnificus sepsis.
Alcoholics ; Bacillus ; Bacteria ; Bromcresol Purple ; Bromthymol Blue ; Cellobiose ; Chronic Disease ; Coloring Agents ; Diagnosis ; Gentian Violet ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Liver Cirrhosis ; Mortality ; Peptones ; Phenolsulfonphthalein ; Sepsis* ; Survival Rate ; Thymol ; Vibrio vulnificus* ; Vibrio*

No abstract available.
Abruptio Placentae* ; Female ; Pregnancy

No abstract available.
Abruptio Placentae* ; Female ; Pregnancy

Objective: : Drug-eluting stents and balloons are occasionally used to reduce restenosis in medically intractable intracranial atherosclerotic stenosis. The authors aimed to determine whether such drugs can cause neurotoxicity due to local effects in a rat model. Methods: : Intra-arterial catheters were placed in the right common carotid artery of rats. Mannitol was injected to transiently open the brain-blood barrier (BBB), followed by high-dose drug (paclitaxel and rapamycin) injection. The optimal time interval of transient BBB opening for maximal drug penetration was determined to be 10 minutes. Paclitaxel and rapamycin were intraarterially administered in various doses. All the rats were neurologically evaluated, and their brain tissues were histologically examined. Results: : Neither neurological deficits nor histological abnormalities were observed in all the rats. Conclusion : Paclitaxel and rapamycin did not cause neurotoxicity in a rat model with transient BBB opening.

Although several reports were presented recently about bronchial arterial revascularization in clinical lung transplantation, one factor peculiar to the lung transplantation is the ischemia of the donor bronchus. Poor bronchial healing occurs frequently following clinical lung transplantation and this has been major cause of mortality and morbidity. There have been many attempts to solve bronchial anastomotic complications. Telescoping technique, one of those attempts, was advocated by San Antonio Group recently. This experiment was performed to evaluate the effect of telescoping anastomotic technique upon the healing of the tracheo-bronchial anastomosis. We used rabbits(weighing about 800 g) as experimental animal. METHOD: Resection of middle one third of cervical trachea and reanastomosis was performed by simple interrupted anastomotic technique in Group 1(n=15) and by telescoping anastomotic technique in Group 2(n=15). RESULT: Anastomotic sites in the telescoping technique group showed significant increase of fibrosis in the early postoperative days(< 5days) and remarkable band-like fibrous union compared to the simple interrupted group.
Anastomosis, Surgical ; Animals ; Bronchi ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Ischemia ; Lung Transplantation ; Mortality ; Tissue Donors ; Trachea

OBJECTIVE: Several surgical methods have been reported for treatment of ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL) in the thoracic spine. Despite rapid innovation of instruments and techniques for spinal surgery, the postoperative outcomes are not always favorable. This article reports a minimally invasive anterior decompression technique without instrumented fusion, which was modified from the conventional procedure. The authors present 2 cases of huge beak-type OPLL. Patients underwent minimally invasive anterior decompression without fusion. This method created a space on the ventral side of the OPLL without violating global thoracic spinal stability. Via this space, the OPLL and anterior lateral side of the dural sac can be seen and manipulated directly. Then, total removal of the OPLL was accomplished. No orthosis was needed. In this article, we share our key technique and concepts for treatment of huge thoracic OPLL. METHODS: Case 1. 51-year-old female was referred to our hospital with right lower limb radiating pain and paresis. Thoracic OPLL at T6–7 had been identified at our hospital, and conservative treatment had been tried without success. Case 2. This 54-year-old female with a 6-month history of progressive gait disturbance and bilateral lower extremity radiating pain (right>left) was admitted to our institute. She also had hypoesthesia in both lower legs. Her symptoms had been gradually progressing. Computed tomography scans showed massive OPLL at the T9–10 level. Magnetic resonance imaging of the thoracolumbar spine demonstrated ventral bony masses with severe anterior compression of the spinal cord at the same level. RESULTS: We used this surgical method in 2 patients with a huge beaked-type OPLL in the thoracic level. Complete removal of the OPLL via anterior decompression without instrumented fusion was accomplished. The 1st case had no intraoperative or postoperative complications, and the 2nd case had 1 intraoperative complication (dural tear) and no postoperative complications. There were no residual symptoms of the lower extremities. CONCLUSION: This surgical technique allows the surgeon to safely and effectively perform minimally invasive anterior decompression without instrumented fusion via a transthoracic approach for thoracic OPLL. It can be applied at the mid and lower level of the thoracic spine and could become a standard procedure for treatment of huge beak-type thoracic OPLL.
Decompression* ; Female ; Gait ; Humans ; Hypesthesia ; Intraoperative Complications ; Leg ; Longitudinal Ligaments* ; Lower Extremity ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Methods ; Middle Aged ; Orthotic Devices ; Paresis ; Postoperative Complications ; Spinal Cord ; Spine* ; Thoracic Vertebrae

BACKGROUND: Pressure rise time (PRT) is the time in which the ventilator aclieves the set airway pressure in pressure-targeted modes, such as pressure control ventilation (PCV). With varying PRT, in principle, the peak inspiratory flow rate of the ventilator also varies. And if PRT is set to a shorter duration, the effective duration of target pressure level would be prolonged. which in turn would increase inspiratory tidal volume(Vti) and mean airway pressure(Pmean). We also postulated that the increase in Vti with shortening of PRT may relate inversely to the patients' basal airway resistance. METHODS: In 13paralyzed patients on PCV(pressure control 18±9.5cm H2, FIO2 0.6±0.3, PEEP 5±3cm H2O, f20/min, I : E, 1 : 2) with Servo 300(Siemens-Elema, Solna, Sweden)from various causes of respiratory failure, PRT of 10%, 5% and 0% were randomly applied. At 30min of each PRT trial, peak inspiratory flow (PIF, L/sec), Vti(ml), Pmean(cm H2O) and ABGA were determined. RESULTS: At PRT 10, 5% and 0%, PIF were 01.69±0.13, 0.77±0.19, 0.83±0.22, respectively(p<0.001). Vti were 425±94, 439±101, 456±106, respectively(p<0.001), and Pmean were 11.2±3.7, 12.0±3.7, 12.5±3.8, respectively(p<0.001). pH were 7.40±0.08, 7.40 ±0.92, 7.41±0.96, respectively (p=0.004) ; PaCO2 (mm Hg) were 47.4±15.8, 47.2±15.7, 44.6±16.2, respectively (p=0.004) ; PAO2 - PaO2 (mm Hg) were 220±98, 224±95, 227±94, respectively(p=0.004) ; and Vd/Vt as determined by (PaCO2 - P CO2/PaCO2 were 0.67±0.07, 0.67±0.08, 0.66 ±0.08, respectively(p=0.007). The correlation between airway resistance and change of Vti from PRT 10% to 0% were r=-0.243(0.498). CONCLUSION: Shortening of pressure rise time during PCV was associated with associated with increased tidal volume, increased mean airway pressure and lower PaCO2.
Airway Resistance ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Tidal Volume* ; Ventilation* ; Ventilators, Mechanical